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[🇧🇩] Forming Election Commission/Conducting Elections

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[🇧🇩] Forming Election Commission/Conducting Elections
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Short Summary: Monitoring the activities of interim govt. to hold national election.

No alternative to early elections to uphold rights of people: Gayeshwar
UNB
Published :
Jan 04, 2025 21:19
Updated :
Jan 04, 2025 21:19

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There is no alternative to holding an early election to ensure the rights of the people of the country, BNP Standing Committee Member Gayeshwar Chandra Roy has said.

"The longer the elections are delayed, the more the fascist Hasina will continue with her conspiracies," he said.

The BNP leader made the remarks while distributing blankets to the cold-stricken people at Baghair School Ground in Dhaka's Keraniganj.

The struggle for the people's right to vote is far from over, said Gayeshwar, adding that they must unite and continue the fight to come to power.

He further said the people will bring back democracy in the country through the exercise of their right to vote.

Elected representatives are needed to make the reforms undertaken by the interim government sustainable, he added.

"Those representatives will work to fulfill the expectations and all the needs of the people."

Gayeshwar said that apart from the main issue, some intellectuals are working on other issues of the interim government, which will not bring any benefit. "If they try to work on everything, none of them will be successful."

He also commented that there is no need for new reforms.

The meeting was chaired by South Keraniganj Thana BNP member Raihan Mia.

Among others, Tegaria Union BNP president Khorshed Zamindar, former member secretary of Dhaka District Chhatra Dal Pavel Mollah, senior joint convener of South Keraniganj Thana Jubo Dal Advocate Shahin Rahman, joint convener Selim Mollah, Tegaria Union Jubo Dal organizing secretary Mahbub Kajal were also present.​
 

Govt preparing for both nat’l, local elections
Says chief adviser

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The interim government is simultaneously preparing for national and local body elections, Chief Adviser Prof Muhammad Yunus told European Investment Bank [EIB] Vice-President Nicola Beer yesterday.

He said this when Beer called on him at state guesthouse Jamuna, according to the press wing of the Chief Adviser's Office.

Earlier, Prof Yunus said the national elections would be held either at the end of this year or by the first half of next year.

He sought EIB's help in tackling corruption, the green transition in energy, and formulating a broader plan for the Sundarbans mangrove forest and the surrounding region and river system.

The chief adviser also sought EIB support in building facilities at Chittagong Port for the development of the people in eastern Bangladesh and water management in northern Bangladesh.

He said the development of the port will also benefit eastern India and Myanmar.

Beer assured of EIB help in carrying out vital reforms the government has undertaken. "We have come in a very challenging time; we back the interim government and its reform agenda."

Pledging support, she said the EU has the technical expertise.

During the visit, Prof Yunus recalled his meeting with EU President Ursula von der Leyen on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly in New York in September last year when they had discussed possible areas of support in the fight against corruption and Bangladesh's increased shift towards renewable energy from fossil fuel.

He also noted his recent meeting with EU envoys in December last year when many areas of cooperation were discussed.

Special Envoy to Chief Adviser Lutfey Siddiqi, Bangladesh Investment Development Authority Chairman Ashik Mahmud Chowdhory, Senior Secretary for SDG Affairs Lamiya Morshed, Economic Relations Division Secretary Shahriar Kader Siddiky, and EU Ambassador Michael Miller, were among others, present on the occasion.​
 

BNP, LDP concerned over govt focus on local polls over nat'l elections

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Photo: BNP Media Cell

The BNP and Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) yesterday held a meeting to address concerns over the government's focus on local government elections instead of national polls.

The liaison committee meeting, chaired by BNP Standing Committee member Nazrul Islam Khan, was held at the BNP chairperson's office in Gulshan, attended by five LDP leaders.

Discussions focused on countering student-led narratives that reportedly undermine the BNP and its allies.

LDP pledged to politically address these narratives, which have been gaining traction among the public, said sources.

The two parties strongly criticised the government's push to prioritise local elections, calling it "an attempt to mislead the public".

On Wednesday, Chief Adviser Prof Muhammad Yunus said the interim government was preparing for both national and local elections.

However, BNP leaders emphasised the need to prioritise national polls and urged the LDP to maintain a strong stance on this issue.

They also raised questions about the funding and use of private vehicles by student leaders at public events.

The BNP is set to meet members of Jatiyatabadi Samamona Jote today.​
 

A 10-step proposal for election road map 2025

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The National Parliament Building of Bangladesh. Photo: STAR

Bangladesh stands at a crossroads, navigating a tumultuous journey marked by political uncertainty, precarious law and order situation, and economic disruption and downturn. The events of the past year, from the July uprising that ousted the Awami League government to the appointment of an interim administration led by Nobel Laureate Prof Muhammad Yunus, have rekindled hopes of a freer, fairer and more democratic future. Yet, as we step into 2025, it is evident that the challenges of political instability, economic stagnation, and governance inefficiencies have not been fully addressed, casting a shadow over the nation's prospects. The looming uncertainty and resulting anxiety do not bode well for a country on a tricky path to transition from an autocratic regime to hopefully a democratically elected government that will govern well and fulfil people's legitimate socioeconomic and other aspirations.

Despite the interim government's assurances of electoral reforms and democratic progress, ambiguity persists regarding the timeline for the next parliamentary election. While the chief adviser's announcement of potential election dates in late 2025 or first half of 2026 offers some clarity, conflicting demands from major political parties like the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) and divergent visions within the administration have sown seeds of discord. The lack of consensus on the electoral road map risks further polarising the political landscape, undermining the very stability the interim government was tasked to foster.

The reform commission tasked with delivering systemic changes in governance and economic management represents a critical opportunity to recalibrate the nation's trajectory. However, its progress has been slow, and the extension of its tenure until January 15 highlights the complexity of the task. Meanwhile, inflationary pressures, high interest rates, and stagnating private investment continue to erode the purchasing power of citizens and discourage economic growth. The business community remains apprehensive, with political instability and law-and-order concerns threatening both trade and investment.

The stakes are high, and the need for leadership is paramount. A transparent and inclusive electoral process is essential to mitigate tensions and pave the way for democratic renewal. Without this, the country risks prolonged instability that could jeopardise both political stability and economic progress. It is not clear to this author why providing a road map has become such a big issue for the interim government, whose main task is to hold a free, fair, credible and participatory election while initiating reforms that, among others, would ensure that we never go back to the dark ages of repressive rule that was unleashed in 2009-2024. Common sense says that they are not mutually exclusive and can be achieved in tandem if the political parties are willing to walk the talk on reform. Unfortunately, their poor history of reform and often misrule make people legitimately apprehensive of their true intent.

As a concerned, conscientious citizen compelled by a sense of responsibility, this author proposes a suggestive electoral road map that hopefully can serve as a good starting point for both the interim government and political parties to come together and provide the general public clarity on where we are heading as a nation in 2025 and beyond. In providing the road map, I have mostly relied on the analysis of historical data from previous credible elections held in 1991, 1996, 2001 and 2008. With the reform commission's tenure extended until January 15, the road map and suggestions will hopefully aid the government in navigating this crucial phase. For the sake of simplicity, the road map is laid out in the diagram, which is then used to walk through the steps in detail.


The proposed 10-step election road map

After the submission of reports by all the reform commissions by January 15, 2025 (except the judiciary reform commission), the proposed road map commences with 10 clearly identified phases between January 15 and October 10, 2025, to complete the journey from initiation of reform measures to transition to democracy.


1. Jan 15-23: Reform commission reports

In this phase, political parties will review the reports and recommendations submitted by the reform commissions. To ensure ownership of the reform process by the political parties, they will send representatives to participate in the consultation process with the commissions. Representation criteria are suggested based on electoral performance in the past credible elections (1991, 1996, 2001 and 2008) and the number of members of parliament (MPs) elected by each party. It is proposed that parties with the largest representation in any of these four parliaments should be invited to send three representatives for consultation with each reform commission, while other smaller parties will send one representative per commission. Since student representatives are already in the reform commissions, their representation has been ensured through existing arrangements, and it is up to the interim government as to what kind of role they would play in this process. Similarly, whether the Awami League and Jatiya Party will be invited is a matter of decision by the interim government.

These recommendations are meant to provide a flexible framework, open to adaptation, to ensure that all stakeholders are effectively represented in the reform process. It is equally important that some criteria be used, as otherwise inviting too many political parties—particularly those with hardly any track record of proven popular support—will make discussion and negotiation between the reform commission and political parties unnecessarily complex and even infructuous.

2. Jan 26-30: Consultation process

Political parties will engage in consultations with the reform commissions to discuss the proposed reform measures. This collaborative approach aims to build national consensus on necessary reforms, ensuring that all stakeholders have a voice in the process. Unless the political parties genuinely subscribe to the reform measures and are willing to make them effective through passing in parliament, all work of these commissions will just be another bundle of paperwork with no practical relevance for the people.

3. Feb 2-6: Reform measures finalisation

During this phase, political parties and the government will finalise the agreed-upon reforms. As an intent of goodwill, the political parties will sign the agreed reforms, which they commit themselves to implementing, if and when they are in power after the elections.

4. Feb 10: Reform process formalisation

The government will complete formalities related to reform proposals, including issuing official gazette notifications that should formalise the agreed-upon changes, setting the stage for implementation.

5. Feb 11 onwards: Reform process initiation

The government will initiate the implementation of institutional and administrative reforms. Due legal processes will be undertaken by the next parliament, ensuring continuity of the reforms that were agreed upon in the February 10 official declaration.

6. Feb 15-Aug 30: Election Commission

For the Election Commission (EC), the following steps are crucial for ensuring a transparent and inclusive electoral process.

* Voter list update: The EC will create an accurate voter list by verifying data through biometric IDs and adding newly eligible voters. It will also remove duplicates and deceased individuals to prevent fraud. Drawing lessons from 2008, when a complete voter list overhaul led to the registration of more than eight crore voters, the modernised systems in place today are expected to make this process more streamlined and less time-consuming.

* Resource mobilisation: The EC will allocate essential resources and polling logistics, with a focus on ensuring accessibility, particularly in underserved areas, to effectively accommodate participation of all voters.

* Field-level appointment: Trained field officials will be appointed to manage voter registration and oversee polling logistics and administration.

* Consultation with political parties: The EC will engage with political parties to build consensus on key election-related matters, fostering trust and collaboration.

* Announcement of election schedule: After completing preparations, the EC will announce the election schedule, allowing political parties to undertake campaigns and inform voters of their political manifesto.

7. Apr 1: Armed forces

The armed forces are to return to barracks but remain available as a strike force, with selective deployment, if necessary, particularly during elections. The prolonged presence of armed forces in public life goes against the spirit of both their service code of conduct and the democratic values of a country heading towards a credible election.

8. Oct 1: Parliamentary election

The parliamentary election will be conducted to establish a representative government. Marking a long-overdue step in addressing the Bangladeshi people's right to a fair and democratic electoral process. Between now and then, there are almost 10 months, which is three times more than the average life of the caretaker government that was mandated under the constitution for holding elections until it was revoked by the Awami League.

9. Oct 3-9: Declaration of results

Within this time frame, election results will be tabulated and officially announced through gazette notifications by the EC.

10. Oct 10: Convening of 13th parliament

The newly elected parliament will convene, signifying the restoration of democratic governance and the beginning of a new legislative term focused on implementing the agreed-upon reforms.

The road ahead

An elected government is indispensable for safeguarding Bangladesh's democratic identity, ensuring accountable leadership, and meeting people's socioeconomic aspirations. It is vital to restore stability, addressing critical national challenges, and rebuilding public confidence. The proposed road map outlines a structured approach to achieving a credible electoral process and underscores the urgency of collaborative action to secure a sustainable democratic future.

Delay and deferral without a legitimate reason cannot bode well for the country. Nor would it be wise for the political parties not to finally rise to the occasion and irrevocably commit themselves to the much-needed reforms, without which the supreme sacrifice made by students and people in July-August risks going in vain. We lost one such opportunity in 1991 and can't repeat the same mistake in 2025.

Prof Syed Munir Khasru is chairman of the Institute for Policy, Advocacy, and Governance (IPAG), an international think tank.​
 

Is rift between BNP and Jamaat deepening amid looming election?
UNB
Published :
Jan 11, 2025 17:23
Updated :
Jan 11, 2025 17:23

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With the Awami League absent from the political stage following the August 5 (2024) political changeover, the two long-standing allies, BNP and Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami, appear to be drifting apart as they vie for dominance ahead of the upcoming elections, according to political analysts.

They said a deepening rift between the BNP and Jamaat is taking centre stage, with their leaders trading sharp criticisms, signalling a new polarisation in the country's political landscape.

Political analysts also observed that while BNP and Jamaat have had conflicts in the past, the level of hostility between them this time is unprecedented in recent years as both parties seek to assert their political power.

They also predicted that Jamaat may try to forge an alliance with Islamist parties to emerge as a strong opposition in the 13th parliament if Awami League fails to stage a comeback in politics ahead of the election.

However, they are not ruling out the possibility of Jamaat contesting the polls under BNP's alliance if the Awami League can engage in politics and join the election race.

Despite the current strain, senior leaders from both BNP and Jamaat told UNB that they do not want to damage their unity since they believe any division could ease the Awami League's return to politics.

The conflict between the two parties intensified after the mass uprising, primarily surrounding the Islamic bank takeover and the dispute over taking credit for the uprising.

Following this, Jamaat leaders accused the BNP of "grabbing and extortion" across the country.

BNP initially refrained from commenting, but on December 29, BNP senior leader Ruhul Kabir Rizvi alleged that not only India but also several political parties, including those opposed to the 1971 Liberation War, were trying to exploit the political turmoil for their own gain.

Rizvi also accused Jamaat of being involved in taking over various institutions, including banks, and engaging in tender manipulation. In response, Jamaat issued a statement refuting these allegations.

The discord continued as Jamaat Ameer Dr Shafiqur Rahman at an event in Rangpur on December 23 said there are only two tested patriotic forces in the country-- one is the army, the other is Jamaat-e-Islami.

Later, Rizvi termed the Jamaat chief's comment ridiculous and raised questions about the role of the "Islamist party" in the 1971 Liberation War.

At a programme on Thursday, BNP senior leader Maj (Retd) Hafiz Uddin Ahmed slammed Jamaat for trying to justify its role in 1971 instead of offering an apology.

Supporters of both parties have been particularly active on social media, exchanging harsh words and fueling the growing hostility between them.

The BNP and Jamaat have had an enduring relationship, especially during the 1991 national election, and their formal coalition was formed in 1999. They remained politically aligned until the dissolution of their 20-party alliance before the 12th national election.

For quite some time, there has been a noticeable gap between the two parties, especially since the BNP dissolved the 20-party alliance in December 2022, to carry out a simultaneous movement with many other parties, including some left-leaning ones.

BNP-Jamaat relations also got strained in 2018, as BNP formed Jatiya Oikyafront with Dr Kamal Hossain-led Gonoforum and some other parties, ignoring Jamaat.

Jamaat also harboured resentment towards BNP due to its silence over the arrest and execution of Jamaat's top leaders for crimes against humanity during the 1971 Liberation War. However, the differences were later resolved following a high-level meeting, but now, tensions have resurfaced.

Some BNP leaders said that Jamaat Amir first attacked the BNP with his comments shortly after the ouster of Sheikh Hasina, stating that although one oppressor had left, another should not take the nation's reins.

They said the Jamaat chief also criticised the BNP in September when the party demanded an early election, prompting BNP Secretary General Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir to respond, saying that those with no public support do not want the election.

BNP leaders said though they are actively vocal about the election roadmap and early election, Jamaat wants the election to be delayed with their evil intention.

They said Jamaat is also now seeking local body elections before the national election, which goes against the stance of the BNP.

Contacted, BNP Standing Committee member Iqbal Hasan Mahmud Tuku said it is natural for BNP leaders and workers to feel resentment over the negative remarks made by Jamaat leaders.

"Jamaat has not been a rival of BNP in electoral calculations in the last 50 years, but it seems the party has started considering BNP as a rival," he observed.

Tuku said Jamaat leaders should be more cautious with their political statements as the BNP is focused on uniting pro-democratic forces for the nation's greater good.

Talking to UNB Jamaat-e-Islami Publicity Affairs Secretary Adv Motiur Rahman Akand said some BNP leaders are making derogatory comments against Jamaat by using outdated words and terms.

"The people of the country have not accepted such old narratives about Jamaat. Had they accepted these outdated statements, Jamaat's popularity and organisational expansion would not have increased," Akand said.

He said some BNP leaders are attacking Jamaat out of jealousy and envy, as it is increasingly gaining popularity.

Akand, however, claimed that although some leaders are engaging in verbal exchanges, both parties remain united in the greater interest of the nation.

"There is no rift between the top leaders of the two parties. I also believe the relationship between the two parties has not deteriorated. Some leaders are making comments out of frustration and ego. This is a temporary stance. The original unity remains intact," the Jamaat leader said.

Dr Shamsul Alam, a professor of government and politics at Jahangirnagar University, said Jamaat is trying to stimulate its grassroots and expand its organisation by making negative comments against the BNP in the absence of the Awami League.

He said the pro-Jamaat student body Chhatra Shibir is also trying to establish its supremacy on all educational campuses, challenging BNP's student wing Chhatra Dal.

"I think there is a rift at the grassroots level of the two parties, not at the centres, in the changed situation. But before the election, either both parties will reunite, or there will be a new polarisation," he said.​
 

Elections must be held this year after reforms: BNP
Staff Correspondent 13 January, 2025, 00:33

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Bangladesh Nationalist Party standing committee member Amir Khasru Mahmud Chowdhury on Sunday said that his party believed it was extremely urgent to complete the national elections within this year after carrying out the necessary reforms.

He announced the position of BNP at a briefing after a meeting between the party’s secretary general Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir and the European Union ambassador to Bangladesh, Michael Miller, at the party chairperson’s office in Gulshan.

Khasru said that the important issues in the current context of Bangladesh, including elections and reforms, were discussed with the EU ambassador.

‘From our side, we have emphasised the critical importance of completing the election within this year. Rather than diverting attention elsewhere, the focus must remain on moving directly towards the national election and ensuring a smooth transfer of power to an elected government to uphold Bangladesh’s democratic process in the days ahead,’ Khasru said.

He said that discussions were held on economy, particularly considering the strong economic ties between Bangladesh and the EU.

‘We have clearly outlined the BNP’s track record of economic success. To lift the country’s economy out of its current downturn, our party has already devised specific programmes,’ Khasru said.

The BNP leader also said that EU investors had expressed interest in investing in Bangladesh and that the party had warmly welcomed such interest during the meeting.

Khasru said that at the meeting they emphasised returning to a democratic process as quickly as possible as a country could not function for long under an undemocratic system.​
 

Govt planning to make next general election ‘the best ever and historic’: Dr Yunus
BSS
Updated: 12 Jan 2025, 20: 59

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Norwegian Ambassador in Dhaka Hakon Arald Gulbrandsen calls on Chief Adviser Dr Muhammad Yunus at his office in Tejgaon on 12 January 2025BSS

Chief adviser professor Muhammad Yunus said the government was planning to make the next general election in Bangladesh "the best ever and historic."

"We want to make it an example, a historical example," the CA told Norwegian ambassador in Dhaka Hakon Arald Gulbrandsen when the envoy called on him at his office in Tejgaon.

Prof Yunus asked Norway to make Bangladesh a regional distribution hub of their products and invest more in the country to take the benefits of Bangladesh's youth force.

"Use Bangladesh as a base for distributing Norwegian products in Asia so that you don't need to bring your people from Norway and can use our young people," Prof Yunus told Norwegian ambassador.

Prof Yunus cited the example of Grameenphone, the first overseas entity of Norwegian telecom giant Telenor, which has over the years turned into the most profitable venture in the Telenor family.

Ambassador Gulbrandsen handed over a letter from Norwegian prime minister Jonas Gahr Store, expressing strong support of the country for Bangladesh's Interim Government.

"The prime minister has strong support for your efforts to initiate much-needed reforms and conduct free and fair democratic elections," said the ambassador.

The ambassador conveyed the Norwegian prime minister's appreciation of Bangladesh's Interim Government's commitment to protecting human rights and promoting environmental sustainability.

Gulbrandsen said Norway was keen to work closely with Bangladesh in the ship recycling industry and in the green energy transition.

The chief adviser also sought Norway's support in resolving the Rohingya crisis amid the changed political situation in Myanmar.

"Norway played a big role in peacekeeping. So, we need your help in resolving the Rohingya crisis," he said.

Ambassador Gulbrandsen said Norway was keen to work closely with Bangladesh in international forums on the Palestinian issue, international tax, and plastic pollution.

Marrianne Rabe Knaevelsrud, Norway's deputy head of mission in Dhaka, expressed her country's gratitude to Bangladesh for sponsoring the Norwegian-led UN resolution on humanitarian access in Palestine.​
 

Reforms, mandate and the election: Two-in-one formula
Sarwar Tusher
Updated: 07 Jan 2025, 21: 51

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It has been a hundred and fifty days since the July uprising of the students and the general people. Bangladesh is traversing through all sorts of post-uprising ups and downs. The interim government formed quite a few reform commissions. The commissions will shortly submit their recommendations to the government. In the meantime, in interviews with the media, the heads of several commissions have spoken about their proposed reforms.

In this context, there are two factors that certainly demand attention. Firstly, will these recommendations be able to play a role in the democratisation of the state? In other words, have any recommendations been made that will be effective in pulling the reins on the prevailing unicentric and autocratic power structure of the constitution and the state? We will have to wait for the full-fledged reform proposals before we can comment conclusively in this regard.

The second factor is even more important. Who will implement these recommendations and how? In particular, how will the constitution reforms be carried out? Other than national consensus, there is also an undeniable need for the correct method to be followed.

National consensus is essential for the implementation of reforms. To this end, the government has taken initiative to form a national consensus council with the heads of the reforms commission. Chief advisor Professor Muhammad Yunus will be the chairman of the council with head of the constitution reform commission professor Ali Riaz as the vice chairman. But if an effective consensus is to be achieved, then it will be necessary to include representation from the Students Against Discrimination Movement, the Jatiya Nagorik Committee, BNP and other political parties in the council.

The biggest debate regarding process of reforms is, what process will be followed for reform of the constitution, and who will carry this out? BNP has already raised the question several times as to whether the present interim government has the mandate to reform the constitution. They maintain that it is the elected government that will carry out reforms of the constitution. We will come back to that later. Let's first clear up the difference between the constitutional amendment or reforms and rewriting the constitution.

There is often a propensity to mix up the concept of amendment and reforms. Technically speaking, there is no difference between amendment and reform. An amendment is not a major fundamental change in the constitution. An amendment aims at making certain additions or omissions under the constitution, to the existing constitution. Basically an amendment is undertaken to make an article or section of the constitution clearer, not to make any extensive or fundamental changes to the constitution's power structure. This task can be carried out with a two-thirds majority in parliament. And if the next parliament or the judiciary so desires, they can revoke the amendment. There is such precedence in Bangladesh, such as the enactment of the caretaker government system (1996), the abolition of the system (2011) and the reenactment (2024). That means amendments are not necessarily long-term and, if flawed, can be challenged at a later date.

In the meantime, in Bangladesh's political reality, reform has come to mean fundamental change to a unicentric and autocratic power structure, that is, a democratic constitutional framework. This requires huge participation of the people. There is no scope to carry out this task by taking oath to protect the constitution under the present constitution and forming a parliament. In other words, the jurisdiction for constitutional reforms or change is not with the parliament because fundamental changes of the constitution are more or less permanent and difficult to change. The judiciary or the next parliament will not be able to revoke the reforms simply if they want. Quite to the contrary, they enacted or reformed constitution on the basis of the court's judicial procedure.

Incidentally, it has been over a decade that demands have been made for a change in the constitution's autocratic power structure.

It is not as if this demand suddenly cropped up after the uprising. Gonotantrik Shongbidhan Andolan, Rashtrachinta and several other intellectual initiatives have been speaking out about this. Basically the analytical study of the constitution by such organisations has led to the emergence of the Rashtra Shongskar Andolan, Ganatantra Mancha and similar political organisations and alliances which translated reforms into political agenda. Influenced by these allies, BNP also agreed to certain reforms. BNP's 31 points must be viewed as a continuity of these initiatives.

The constitution is a written document of the people's collective aspirations and desires. The parliament is a law making body of people's representatives. The task of the people's representatives is to enact laws in accordance to the people's aspirations and wishes. If people's wishes and aspirations change, or if the existing constitution goes against the wishes and aspirations of the people, then the people will take initiative to give written form anew to their wishes and aspirations. That is why the preamble of the constitution says that the people of Bangladesh have taken up this constitution for themselves. It is not as simple as certain experts getting together, writing a constitution and imposing it on the people. Such circumstances generally arise after a big incident like a mass uprising. That is why the law and philosophy term a mass uprising as a 'structural moment'.

A mass uprising is the highest embodiment of democracy. The government formed by means of a mass uprising has a much higher mandate than an elected government with 35 per cent to 40 per cent votes.

The question now is, under what process do the people reform the constitution or compose a new one, that is, where is the mandate to take up a constitution? The parliament formed under the prevailing constitution does not have that mandate. If fundamental changes are to be brought about to the constitution's power structure, an election of a constituent assembly or constitutional assembly must be summoned. The winners will discuss and debate in the assembly and draw up the constitution. If necessary, a referendum is held.

In other words, an election is required even for the enactment of a constitution. This is the constituent assembly election. Surprisingly, the political parties are unwilling to admit that there is precedence of such elections in the past and that this is inevitable in the present circumstances.

Given the prevailing reality in Bangladesh, the next election should be an election to the constituent assembly. To hold a Jatiya Sangsad (national parliament) election under the present constitution would be an absolute betrayal of the thousands of martyrs and injured. The elected constituent assembly will present the people with a constitution congruent with the aspirations of the people. But what guarantee is there that the constitution composed by the elected members of the constituent assembly will reflect the aspirations of the people?

This is a justified and logical question. That is why a Legal Frame Order (LFO) must be determined for the constituent assembly. Some are terming this a 'reform framework'.

The LFO formed on the basis of national consensus will basically determine and character and direction of the constituent assembly. The aim of the LFO will be to determine multiparty democracy, liberal economy opposed to money laundering, cultural pluralism, religious harmony, non-communalism and judiciousness. Violating the LFO enacted by the elected constituent assembly will be considered as a counter revolution. Under such circumstances, it would be completely justified to take to the streets in a mass uprising and non-cooperation.

It is an established norm to hold parliamentary polls under the new constitution formed by the constituent assembly. But this will require two election phases (the first being for the constituent assembly). This process may be seen long-winded to the parties eager to come to power. In that case, the next election may be the constituent assembly election and the legislative election together. The elected representatives will first present the nation with a constitution within a fixed time (maybe 120 days). Then that constituent assembly will take the shape of the parliament. The recommendations of the constitutional reform commission will be the basis for debate in the constituent assembly. The recent constitution reform proposal of the Jatiya Nagorik Committee is a formula of the two in one.

Reforms are inevitable. The question of mandate is often being asked in the wrong place. A mass uprising is the highest embodiment of democracy. The government formed by means of a mass uprising has a much higher mandate than an elected government with 35 per cent to 40 per cent votes. The interim government has the mandate to carry out reforms of the public administration, the police, education, elections, the Anti-Corruption Commission and other state institutions. But it would be appropriate to draw up a constitution or reform the constitution by forming a constituent assembly. It is misleading to imagine that the parliament formed under the existing constitution will reform or write the constitution.

* Sarwar Tusher is a writer, thinker and joint convener of the Jatiya Nagorik Committee

* This column appeared in the print and online edition of Prothom Alo and has been rewritten for the English edition by Ayesha Kabir​
 

Election timelines a decision for govt, parties
Says UNRC Gwyn Lewis; UNDP delegation arrives in Dhaka

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A United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) team from New York began assessing the Election Commission's (EC) requirements yesterday as part of preparations for the next parliamentary elections.

The UNDP delegation is visiting Bangladesh at the request of the EC.

The delegation, accompanied by a needs assessment team, first met Chief Election Commissioner AMM Nasir Uddin, four election commissioners, and EC officials at the Nirbachan Bhaban in the capital.

Later, the team held a meeting with Foreign Secretary Jashim Uddin at the foreign ministry.

Talking to journalists after the meetings, UN Resident Coordinator (UNRC) in Bangladesh Gwyn Lewis said the EC requested technical support for different aspects of the works, reports UNB.

The works encompass IT capacity development, combating misinformation and disinformation, and addressing various issues related to transport, software, and hardware, she said.

"The team will finish the assessment within 10 days and will come back here to present it before the EC," she added.

We're in the initial days and trying to understand what the needs of the Election Commission are and how the commission would like to run the elections. There are already works ongoing in terms of updating the electoral rolls. — Gwyn Lewis UN Resident Coordinator in Bangladesh.

"We're in the initial days and trying to understand what the needs of the Election Commission are and how the commission would like to run the elections. There are already works ongoing in terms of updating the electoral rolls," said Lewis.

The UNDP will hold talks with the commission and other stakeholders, including civil society, academicians, and political parties. Then, the delegation will put forward the recommendations and inform what support it can offer, she also said.

In response to a query, she said they are talking about parliamentary elections, not local government elections, as the EC made the request in that regard.

Asked about BNP's desire to have elections by mid-2025, the UNRC said, "We are not touching on timelines... That's a decision for the government of Prof Yunus and political parties to make."

The needs assessment mission is looking into areas where the UN can support, she said.

"The team will visit Chattogram tomorrow (today) and will hold meetings with the stakeholders in the coming days," said Lewis.

Then, the delegation will meet civil society, academia, political parties, and every stakeholder involved in the election. Then, it will hold a feedback session with the Election Commission, the UNRC said.

Replying to a question about the timeframe of the next general election, EC Senior Secretary Akhtar Ahmed, the CEC, and other election commissioners said they are working in line with the window given by the chief adviser.

Akhtar Ahmed said the UNDP will not assist in collecting data during the door-to-door campaign; rather, it will help the EC to process data to update the electoral rolls.​
 

Local elections to drop use of party symbols: Reform Commission head
UNB
Published :
Jan 14, 2025 21:09
Updated :
Jan 14, 2025 21:09

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Professor Dr Tofail Ahmed, head of the Local Government Reform Commission, has said that local elections will no longer be conducted using party symbols.

He made the remark today during a local government reform discussion meeting at the Singair Upazila Parishad conference hall in Manikganj.

He said, "We have held discussions with our stakeholders and taken their advice. Based on their suggestions, positive changes will be made in all areas. Local elections will no longer be held with party symbols, as done in the past."

He also mentioned that proposals regarding laws, structures, and service activities related to local government reforms will be presented.

The meeting was chaired by Deputy Commissioner Dr. Monowar Hossain Mollah. During the event, speeches were delivered by Additional Police Superintendent Mohammad Wares, Upazila Nirbahi Officer Mohammad Kamrul Hasan Sohag, and members of the Election Commission.

Speakers said that the previous government had politicized local elections, allocated party symbols, and manipulated votes to ensure victory for party candidates, thereby ruining the electoral system. They emphasized the need to move away from this situation and organize fair elections.

The meeting, organized by the Local Government Reform Commission, was attended by 103 representatives from various professions, including former local representatives and political party members.​
 

Preparations for polls aligned with CA’s 2025-26 timeline, says EC secretary
FE Online Desk
Published :
Jan 14, 2025 19:47
Updated :
Jan 14, 2025 19:47

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While the BNP has called for polls in the middle of this year, the Election Commission Secretariat says it is making preparations for elections no earlier than later this year.

Election Commission, or EC, Secretary Akhtar Ahmed said preparations are underway for elections to be held between the end of 2025 and middle of 2026, aligning with a timeline proposed by Chief Advisor Muhammad Yunus.

A delegation led by United Nations Development Program, or UNDP, Resident Coordinator Gwen Lewis met the chief election commissioner and other election commissioners on Tuesday, reports bdnews24.com.

They also held a meeting with the EC secretary to discuss technical assistance for the electoral process.

“The UNDP’s cooperation is technical,” Akhtar said, speaking to journalists following the meeting.

Akhtar elaborated that it would encompass not only hardware and software assistance but also training, capacity building, mutual experience exchange, and communication development.

When asked about recent comments from the BNP Secretary General Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir concerning the election timeline, Akhtar said: “The EC is not officially aware of the matter.”

Speaking at a press conference on Tuesday, Fakhrul said: “We have repeatedly said that the government has no alternative but to go for an election. It is the most important thing for a democracy. I believe that it is possible to hold elections midway through this year, meaning in July or August.”

When asked about this, the EC Secretary said, "I am not in a position to give my opinion on this. Because I do not know the issues. Our preparations are based on the window given by the chief advisor, and we are working on it.”

In a national address on Dec 16, 2024, Yunus outlined the government’s perspective on the election timeline, tying it to the scope of necessary reforms and logistical preparations. He stated that if the election is to proceed with a few reforms and a properly updated voter list, it might be feasible to hold the polls by the end of 2025.

However, Yunus added a caveat, noting that broader reforms to the electoral process would require additional time. “It may take at least another six months of additional time.”

“Roughly speaking, the election date can be set between the end of 2025 and the first half of 2026.”

On Sunday, Election Commissioner Abul Fazal Md Sanaullah said: “Our overall focus is to hold the general elections, and the commission is working towards it. When we're prepared for the national election, it will cover all the other preparations. There should not be any such event that hampers the general election.”

On Tuesday, Fakhrul said: “The EC has said that we are ready to hold the elections, and that they are ready to hold the national elections. They have made it clear that two elections are not possible at the same time. Therefore, this election (parliamentary election) is necessary for the nation.”

He continued, “It should not take long to update the voter list; if anyone wants to update it within a month, they can do it.”

He suggested that subsequent tasks, including appointing presiding officers, could be completed within another one to two months.

ASSISTANCE FROM UNDP

After meeting the UNDP delegation on Tuesday, Akhtar said, "We have sought cooperation from the UNDP regarding the election process. That cooperation is institutional, communication-related, hardware, software, etc. The representatives have come to review this matter."

He noted that while Tuesday’s meeting served primarily as a courtesy call, it laid the groundwork for further discussions.

“In addition to talking to EC officials, another meeting will be held within 10 days after engaging with more stakeholders to discuss the proposal,” he explained.

The scope of work, he added, had been outlined in this initial meeting, with subsequent communication planned to refine the collaboration.

Among the pressing issues is the shortage of computer hardware, scanners, and printers required to process voter data following house-to-house updates.

“Assistance has been requested,” he confirmed.​
 

90% want local govt polls before national elections: study

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A study by the Election Reform Commission found that nearly 90 percent of respondents prefer local government elections before national parliamentary polls.

The findings were revealed today at a press briefing held at the commission's office within the national parliament premises. The study, carried out by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) on behalf of the commission, surveyed 46,000 people nationwide.

"We currently do not have any union parishads or active local government bodies, and as a result, people are being deprived of essential civic services," said Badiul Alam Majumdar, chief of the Election Reform Commission, during the briefing.

In addition to the survey results, the commission recommended the formation of a permanent "Local Government Commission" to oversee and strengthen local governance in the country.​
 

Women should represent at least one-fourth of seats in House

Commission proposes reserving one-fourth of parliamentary seats for women who will be elected by popular vote

The Election Reform Commission proposed reserving one-fourth of parliamentary seats for women to be elected by popular vote.

They also recommended increasing the number of seats in the parliament by a hundred to 400.

The commission's chief Badiul Alam Majumdar presented these recommendations at a press briefing at their office in the National Parliament complex today.

Currently, 50 seats in parliament are reserved for women, who are selected by political parties. The distribution of reserved seats is proportional to the number of seats a party gets in parliamentary polls.

Critics have often pointed out that the parliamentarians of these seats lack empowerment as they fill the posts on political parties' patronage rather than the public's mandate.​
 

ELECTORAL REFORM: Re-election if 40pc votes not cast in constituency proposed
Staff Correspondent 16 January, 2025, 00:34

The electoral reform commission has proposed that the Election Commission hold a re-election if 40 per cent of the votes in a constituency is not cast.

It also proposed setting 16 years as the minimum age for NID eligibility, stricter eligibility criteria for party membership and leadership, disqualifying individuals convicted under the International Crimes Tribunal Act or accused of severe human rights violations.

It also proposed full authority for the EC to recruit its officials, and postpone and cancel any elections or decide on any re-elections.

Making the executive branch of the government accountable to the EC during elections has also been proposed in a report which was handed over to interim government chief adviser Muhammad Yunus at its office in Dhaka on Wednesday.

The electoral reform commission chief, Badiul Alam Majumder, along with other members, submitted the report with recommendations.

‘Our proposals are mostly related to ensuring citizen’s voting rights, transparency in the electoral system and making all stakeholders accountable for holding inclusive elections,’ Badiul said at the report handover ceremony.

The commission recommended forming a special investigation commission to identify those who were responsible for the rigged national elections held in 2018.

The other recommendations included a proposal to ease requirements for new party registration by mandating offices in 10 per cent of districts and five per cent of upazilas, along with a minimum of 5,000 members.

The reform commission suggested publishing and annually updating party member lists online to ensure transparency.

The reform commission also proposed cancelling provisions for electronic voting machines, secret ballots in electing party committees at all levels and nominating parliamentary candidates through a panel system voted on by general members.

To increase financial accountability, the report recommended capping individual donations at Tk 50 lakh and requiring all donations be made via banks and declared in tax returns. Party funds would be subject to regular audits to promote transparency.

The other key recommendations included prohibiting political parties from having student, labour and other professional fronts, international branches and requiring members to serve for at least three years before being eligible for parliamentary nomination.

Additionally, party registrations must be renewed every five years, and the rule for cancelling registration for not participating in two consecutive elections should be repealed.

At a press conference on the report handover ceremony on Wednesday, law ministry adviser Asif Nazrul said that national elections could be held at the end of this year if political parties agreed to a minimal state reform, while a full-scale reform would allow the elections by mid-2026.​
 

Main goal is to ensure free, fair election: EC Sanaullah
Published :
Jan 16, 2025 21:04
Updated :
Jan 16, 2025 21:04

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Election Commissioner Brig Gen Abul Fazal Md Sanaullah (retd) said that the primary objective of the current commission is to ensure a free, fair, and impartial national election.

The commissioner said this while addressing the inauguration of a day-long workshop titled 'Challenges in the voter registration process and ways to overcome challenges' at the Khulna CSS Ava Center on Thursday.

He said the commission aims to create a comprehensive, accurate, and up-to-date voter list, according to a UNB report.

The Election Commissioner said that the voter list should be updated not only from designated locations but also through door-to-door efforts to collect voter information.

“It is important to ensure that no one eligible to be a voter, especially women and the young generation, is left out of the list,” he added.

He said attempting to register as a voter in multiple locations by concealing information is a crime and in the age of information technology, such acts cannot go unnoticed.

EC Sanaullah said that the long struggle for democracy, the sacrifices made by people, and the new hope for change are all tied to regaining the right to vote.

“Voting is a fundamental right, and it is closely linked to social stability, harmony, development, and the survival of the nation with honour,” he said.

The commissioner further said organising elections is a huge task that requires the involvement of all, especially in these changing times, and must be carried out with accuracy and impartiality.

The workshop was chaired by Khulna Divisional Commissioner Md Firoz Sarkar, with special guests including Additional Secretary of the Election Commission Secretariat KM Ali Newaz, Khulna Deputy Commissioner Mohammad Saiful Islam, Regional Election Officer Md Humayun Kabir, and CBTEP Project Director Muhammad Mustafa Hasan.​
 

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