[🇮🇳] Cockroach Janta Party of India

[🇮🇳] Cockroach Janta Party of India
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G   Indian Defense

A juncture and a moment for India

Jawed Naqvi


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New Age/Mehedi Haque


A CLUTCH of unforeseen events have combined to pose the existential crisis India’s prime minister Narendra Modi is facing from unemployed youth and young students, who after claiming his education minister’s scalp recently are now determined to win the resignation of Gyanesh Kumar, India’s chief election commissioner whom they call ‘a vote thief’.

The first trigger for the youth to take to the streets came with the cancellation and corruption in the entrance exams to India’s medical colleges, which led to nationwide protests amid a dozen suicides by dejected students. Then the chief justice of India described unemployed youth as cockroaches, setting off a response nobody expected.

But the safety pin from the fraught grenade was pulled by Ritika Chopra, who broke the Indian Express story on September 23 about two election commissioners officially calling out their chief Gyanesh Kumar for alleged illegalities in deleting 130 million voters from the electoral rolls. The deletions altered the outcomes in Bihar and West Bengal polls to the BJP’s advantage.

That Modi is not prepared to allow the fall of a key pivot of his winning electoral machinery is evident from the paramilitary units he has mobilised, including from troubled Jammu and Kashmir and from platoons purposed to guard the frontier with Pakistan. They have been joined by the Delhi Police supported by street criminals from the Hindutva fold to jointly barricade New Delhi against protesters led largely by the recently formed Cockroach Janta Party.


On their part, the Cockroaches are predominantly from the Hindu middle classes, which makes it a tricky proposition for Modi to use the lethal force he deployed against the Shaheen Bagh anti-citizenship laws campaign in 2020. That movement, led chiefly by swathes of brave Muslim women in Delhi, was broken by a combination of the Covid pandemic and brute force that coincided with president Donald Trump’s visit to Gujarat. Trump lost the election and Joe Biden won it, only for Trump to stage a comeback, while two Muslim student activists, Umar Khalid and Sharjeel Imam, picked up in the crackdown during his India visit six years ago, have marked time in prison.

Last week, Khalid, detained without trial under draconian anti-terror laws, won the 2026 Award for Human Rights Defenders at Risk for the Asia and Pacific region, presented by the Ireland-based Front Line Defenders. It’s difficult to see the crass brutality of a combined force of Delhi Police and Hindutva squads visiting the current crop of protesters, even though they have attacked young women in particular several times. The protests have created an extremely critical moment for the Modi establishment and for the opposition, represented prominently by the feisty young woman leader Neha Bora from the left flank of national politics. The wide political support has added heft to the collective battle for Gyanesh Kumar’s resignation.

There has been some quibbling in the opposition ranks, principally between the Aam Aadmi Party and the Congress, about who is more committed to the students’ cause, but this has more to do with the political chance both are eyeing in Punjab, where they face each other in elections early next year. To be fair, the campaign against ‘vote theft’ began as Rahul Gandhi’s battle in mid-2023, when two laws were enacted that would be considered scandalous and unacceptable in any functioning democracy. Modi changed the mechanism that chose the poll chief. He replaced the chief justice of India from the troika that chose the poll chief with his cabinet minister, making the opposition’s presence meaningless. He also gave his handpicked election chief lifelong immunity from legal challenges for his duty in holding elections. The move paid off, with the poll body ignoring Modi’s communally polarising campaign and money power in the 2024 elections, without which he would perhaps have not got the 240 seats that were still 32 short of a majority.

The Cockroach movement has gained credibility by underscoring its key objectives that Indians have been dreaming of. No chief justice shall be granted a Rajya Sabha seat as a post-retirement reward, it declared, the reference being to the reward going to the chief justice who gave the controversial Ayodhya judgement. The Cockroach agenda offered a dire warning to the poll chief. ‘If any legitimate vote is deleted, the chief election commissioner shall be arrested under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, as taking away voting rights is “no less than terrorism”.’

The Cockroaches are committed to women getting 50 per cent reservation (instead of the 33 per cent promised at present) without increasing the strength of parliament. They want 50 per cent of all cabinet positions to be reserved for women by law. TV channels seen as loyal to Modi should be disbanded. ‘All media houses owned by the Gautam Adani Group and Mukesh Ambani’s Reliance Industries shall have their licences cancelled to make way for independent media. Bank accounts of “Godi media anchors” shall be investigated.’

To political parties like the Congress, which has suffered a slew of defections to the BJP, the Cockroaches have offered relief. ‘Any member of the legislative assembly (MLA) or member of parliament (MP) who defects from one party to another shall be barred from contesting elections and holding public office for 20 years.’ On its part, the Cockroaches promised to remain answerable under the Right to Information (RTI) Act and refuse to accept any anonymous donations.

It’s a given that much of the Cockroach agenda gestated in years of Rahul Gandhi’s critical campaigns. But is it helpful to squabble with each other when the idea is to seize the moment at this fraught juncture for Indian democracy? Mistrusting each other ended disastrously in Bihar and West Bengal for the INDIA group. Rahul sees Modi and key aides facing the law soon. To pursue the wish, he could trust the newly minted youth power and less so his party. The ‘party’ has been the bane of the Congress since Nehru’s time.

The article was originally published in Dawn on October 13.

Jawed Naqvi is a Delhi-based journalist and writer.​
 

What India’s current protests mean, and what they do not

Jannatul Naym Pieal

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Supporters of India’s opposition Congress party scuffle with security personnel during a protest march demanding the resignation of the country’s chief election commissioner over alleged voter roll irregularities linked to the Special Intensive Revision (SIR), in New Delhi on October 12, 2026. Photo: AFP

For decades, successive Indian governments have answered external critics with a familiar claim: whatever their flaws, whether corruption, patronage, or communal tensions, India is the world’s largest democracy where elections are free and fair, power changes hands legitimately, and so the government reflects the people’s aspirations. The protests now brewing in Delhi and elsewhere strike at the heart of that claim by targeting the very man who oversees elections: Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar. Protesters want him to resign over a controversial voter-roll revision that has removed 13 crore names across the country, which critics say has benefitted the ruling BJP unfairly. The Election Commission, meanwhile, says it is removing only “duplicate and ineligible” entries.

The pressure grew after it was revealed that Kumar’s two fellow commissioners had formally raised concerns at least 14 times in 10 months. The commission describes this as “a normal part of deliberation” and, like BJP, denies wrongdoing. The Supreme Court has sought the commission’s response but has not suspended Kumar. Whatever the merits of the competing claims, the dispute has moved from a policy disagreement to a crisis of confidence in the election referee, and when millions doubt the impartiality of that referee, it is hard to fix. This is what makes this second phase of the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP) protests seem far more significant than the first.

The first phase, which saw education minister Dharmendra Pradhan forced to resign over exam paper leaks, looks mild beside what is unfolding now. At that time, CJP founder Abhijeet Dipke distanced the movement from the uprisings in Nepal and Bangladesh, pledging to keep dissent within the bounds of India’s constitution. The mood has since hardened, and the opposition has now moved from the sidelines to the front rows. Rahul Gandhi, the leader of the opposition, was detained three times in two days last week, once while leading nearly 300 INDIA bloc MPs towards Jantar Mantar. He has also called for the election chief to be tried for treason. Mamata Banerjee, who lost power in West Bengal in May, has vowed that her movement will continue until Kumar goes, while her Trinamool Congress (TMC) party is joining forces with its old rival, the CPM, against him. Even Bollywood, long wary of crossing the government, is showing up. Prakash Raj has emerged as a prominent figure in the movement, Imran Khan was among those detained, and Shabana Azmi, Naseeruddin Shah, and Vishal Dadlani joined the CJP’s October 2 rally at Mumbai’s Shivaji Park. A movement that began as a youth-led campaign is becoming a broader platform of resistance cutting across political, cultural, and generational lines.

The government’s response has, perhaps unsurprisingly, increasingly echoed the playbook Bangladesh witnessed in July-August 2024. On Saturday, Delhi was effectively locked down. Dozens of metro stations were shut, and mobile internet was suspended in the central business district. According to an estimate, around 3,000 people have been detained so far, while Dipke and two colleagues were taken off a plane upon arrival. Popular YouTuber Dhruv Rathee was also picked up from his home in Gurgaon. They were later released. At a special sitting on Sunday, the Supreme Court directed that metro and rail services as well as internet access resume normal operation and that peaceful protesters not be illegally detained, subject to law-and-order conditions.

The political rhetoric has also followed the same pattern as Bangladesh. On October 2, BJP legislator Parinay Fuke alleged that Naxalites and leftist groups were behind the protests and wanted to create “Bangladesh-like chaos” to overthrow the government. Some commentators even dismissed the “cockroach” movement as a “farce”, built on what they see as the myth of Gen Z revolutions in Bangladesh and Nepal. During Bangladesh’s uprising, the UN human rights office documented internet shutdowns timed to prevent protesters from organising, and estimated that as many as 1,400 people were killed between July 1 and August 15, 2024. Nothing on that lethal scale has occurred in Delhi, of course. But the use of pre-emptive shutdowns, mass detentions, communication restrictions, and accusations of foreign-inspired subversion is recognisably similar.

Still, India is not Bangladesh or Nepal, and the parallel should not be pushed too far. Bangladesh’s movement hardened into a one-point demand for the Awami League government’s exit only after the state responded to protests over the quota system with live fire. Nothing comparable has happened in India. India’s huge size and scale also factor in this: there is no single pressure point, as its federal structure disperses power, and BJP governs in so many states that turmoil in one or even a few cities would not bring its administrative machinery to a halt. But there is a “but,” and it lies in the ballot box. In the 2024 general election, Narendra Modi’s BJP lost its parliamentary majority and has since governed with the help of coalition partners. If the opposition sustains its protests, and doubts about voter rolls and other institutions keep gnawing at public confidence, BJP may find it much harder to retain power in 2029. The controversy has already cast a shadow over some of the party’s recent electoral conquests.

In West Bengal, for example, where BJP won 207 of 294 seats in May and ended the Trinamool Congress’s 15-year rule, more than 90 lakh names, disproportionately from TMC strongholds and Muslim-majority constituencies, were removed under the same revision. An analysis by Scroll found that in 105 BJP-won seats, the number of deleted voters exceeded the winning margin, suggesting that restoration of their votership could have delivered a different result. This, however, could not be the only deciding factor, with survey company C-Voter’s Yashwant Deshmukh also attributing the swing to disillusionment with Banerjee’s rule. Still, this is the kind of doubt that a credible election commission exists to prevent. Protesters are fighting to ensure that the election process remains fair and inclusive, and the government’s attempt to cast them as agents of chaos only reinforces their argument.

This again brings us to the most curious part of Delhi’s response: the attempt to use alleged foreign interference as a weapon against protesters. In Bangladesh, National Citizen Party Convener Nahid Islam has issued a statement expressing solidarity with India’s youth, saying their struggle “is not yours alone” and urging the authorities to release detained protesters and respect peaceful assembly. NCP spokesperson Asif Mahmud has separately condemned the detention of YouTuber Dhruv Rathee and Dipke. Certain sections of the Indian media, along with some senior BJP leaders, have seized on this as proof of a “foreign hand.” It is hard not to find this a little laughable. During Bangladesh’s uprising, many Indians—including students, writers, and commentators—stood in solidarity with the protesters. Rathee, now one of the most recognisable faces of the Indian protests, made several videos in support of Bangladesh at the time. Solidarity between young people across borders is not a conspiracy. It is what happens when people recognise a familiar struggle.

The questions that brought thousands onto the streets in India are locally grounded: how voter rolls have been revised, why two commissioners voiced objections, whether the process has been thoroughly transparent, and whether the man at the centre of the controversy should remain in office. These questions will be answered, or not, by Indian courts, institutions and, eventually, voters. Pointing at outside influences is just a cynical attempt to discredit the protesters and evade accountability for the questions they are raising.

Jannatul Naym Pieal is a writer, researcher, and journalist.​
 

Indian police detain 'Cockroach' movement founder Dipke ahead of protest


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Abhijeet Dipke, head of the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP), speaks during a protest demanding the resignation of India's Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar, at Shivaji Park in Mumbai, India, Oct 2, 2026. REUTERS/Francis Mascarenhas Purchase Licensing Rights

Police detained India’s ‘cockroach’ movement founder Abhijeet Dipke on Friday, live images from his group showed, ahead of a protest called by him in capital, Delhi’s central business district, the latest rally to demand the resignation of India’s election chief.

The youth-led ‘Cockroach Janta Party’ (CJP), opposition groups, and student organisations have held almost daily protests this month demanding Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar’s resignation over a revision of voter lists that critics say favours Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

More than 130 million voters were deleted during the revision, but the Election Commission has denied favouring any party and said wrongly deleted voters can re-enrol. The BJP has accused rivals of trying to undermine democracy by wrongly questioning legitimate electoral processes.

Dipke called Friday’s protest in support of two CJP leaders detained and sent to jail this week for five days for demonstrating at a protest site in violation of a ban.

The group and left-wing student organisations had urged supporters to gather at the Central Park in New Delhi’s busy Connaught Place shopping and food district on Friday evening to wave and hoist the national flag.

The live video on CJP’s Instagram handle showed Dipke coming out of a house and walking towards the street, where police officers stopped him and, after a brief argument, hauled him into a police car and drove away.

“We are detaining you right now,” a police officer could be heard telling Dipke.

“I have not broken any law right now...how can you detain me?” Dipke asked the police officers as he was taken away.

There was no immediate comment from the police on the detention.

Earlier on Friday, police met Dipke and warned him against going ahead with the protest.​
 

India closes down New Delhi park ahead of ‘cockroach’ movement rally

AFP
New Delhi, India



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Cockroach Janta Party (CJP) founder Abhijeet Dipke (C) along with Indian actor and activist Prakash Raj (R) and Indian lawyer and activist Prashant Bhushan (L) addresses the media during a press conference in New Delhi on October 15, 2026 amid ongoing protests against India's Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar over alleged voter roll irregularities linked to the "special intensive revision" (SIR). CJP founder Dipke called on people to gather on October 16 in Connaught Place, close to Jantar Mantar. CJP activists and opposition parties have defied a security crackdown to demand the resignation of India's chief election commissioner, accusing the poll body of manipulating voter rolls to benefit Prime Minister Narendra Modi's ruling party. (Photo by Arun SANKAR / AFP)

Authorities closed a central New Delhi park Friday before a fresh protest seeking the removal of India’s election chief over a voter-roll revision that critics say has disenfranchised millions.

Organised by the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP), the campaign has become the focal point of opposition anger over allegations that the revised rolls favour Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s ruling party.

The Election Commission of India, which oversees voting in the world’s most populous nation, has denied any wrongdoing.

CJP founder Abhijeet Dipke urged supporters to rally at the capital’s Central Park after two of his colleagues were detained for breaching security barricades at Jantar Mantar, where they had gone to wave the national flag.

Earlier this week, police removed authorisation for Jantar Mantar as a designated protest site.

On Friday, thousands of security personnel were deployed in parts of the city, with yellow-coloured metal barricades put up at key intersections.

Dipke said he was undeterred despite the possibility of being arrested ahead of Friday’s protest.

“Why are you so afraid of cockroaches?” Dipke said.

“I want to tell Narendra Modi that we are not afraid... if waving the Indian national flag lands you in jail, we are ready,” he said Thursday.

Delhi’s municipal authorities said they were closing the Central Park for two days for “administrative” reasons.

Delhi Police have barred public gatherings around Connaught Place citing concerns about public order and safety.

Violation of the orders would “attract suitable legal action”, police said Thursday, but added that they would allow “selected persons” to gather at a “suitable place”.

In recent days, the Indian capital has seen street protests over a large-scale voter roll revision exercise overseen by chief election commissioner Gyanesh Kumar.

More than 130 million names have been removed from electoral lists under the revision exercise, according to media reports.

Critics say the removals have disproportionately affected minorities, particularly Muslims.

Election authorities say the move was intended to eliminate duplicate, deceased and fraudulent entries.

Members of Modi’s Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party have long alleged that large numbers of undocumented Muslim migrants from neighbouring Bangladesh have fraudulently entered India’s electoral rolls.

On Friday, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh dismissed the allegations, saying the sole agenda of the opposition parties was “to destroy democratic institutions and create unrest in the country”.

“Their fight is not for electoral reform... not for Gyanesh Kumar, not for the bright future of the country’s youth,” he said at a news conference.

“Rather, this is their conspiracy to seize power by creating anarchy in the country.​
 

India protests: Cockroach movement founder Abhijeet Dipke arrested, activist Neha Bora released

Reuters

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Abhijeet Dipke, founder of the Cockroach Janata Party (CJP) and Neha Bora, national president of the All India Students' Association (AISA) gesture as they addresses a press conference in New Delhi, India, 15 October 2026.Reuters

Police arrested Indian "cockroach" movement founder Abhijeet Dipke, according to several media reports on Saturday, after he was detained on Friday ahead of a Delhi rally that drew hundreds of people waving the national flag and demanding the resignation of India's election chief.

Dipke was arrested to prevent a breach of the peace and will be called before a Special Executive Magistrate on Saturday, broadcasters NDTV and India Today said.

Delhi police did not immediately respond to an emailed request for comment.

The youth-led Cockroach Janta Party (CJP), opposition groups and student organisations have held near-daily protests this month demanding Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar's resignation over a revision of voter lists that they say favours Prime Minister Narendra Modi's Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

More than 130 million voters were deleted during the revision. The Election Commission has denied favouring any party and said wrongly deleted voters can re-enrol. The BJP has accused rivals of trying to undermine democracy by wrongly questioning legitimate electoral processes.

Student activist Neha Bora, a prominent face of the protests, who was also detained on Friday as she tried to reach central Delhi with dozens of supporters, was released on Saturday.

"Please, spare the people of India. Impeach Gyanesh Kumar and halt SIR (special intensive revision), so that the ordinary citizens of this country can breathe a sigh of relief, feel at ease, and have their voting rights ensured," Bora told ANI news agency after she was released.

Dipke was detained on Friday as he stepped out of a house in central Delhi, with police hauling him into a police car and driving away after a brief argument.

Dipke had called Friday's protest in support of two CJP leaders detained and sent to jail this week for five days for demonstrating at a protest site in violation of a ban.

Earlier on Friday, police had met Dipke and warned him against going ahead with the protest.

The cockroach movement has emerged as one of the biggest political challenges faced by Modi and the BJP in the prime minister's 12 years in power.

A weeks-long sit-in by supporters of the movement earlier this year forced Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan's resignation over exam paper leaks.​
 

Can India’s cockroach movement save its democracy?

Maya Tudor

More than 25,000 police officers were deployed across New Delhi recently to prevent demonstrations led by India’s new youth-led political movement, the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP). Government authorities had denied the CJP permission to protest on public-order grounds.

The ensuing security operation saw the authorities shut one in six metro stations in the capital, barricade dozens of central roads and cancel over 250 trains in what Indian rail officials called an “unprecedented closure”. Thousands of protesters were detained, with documented accounts of police brutality. While the epicentre is in Delhi, protests have been documented in five other major cities.

The protests underscore a paradox at the heart of Indian politics. On the one hand, they show just how far India’s democracy has declined. On the other, they offer up glimmers of the key ingredients needed for democratic renewal: widening political participation, greater opposition coordination and mobilisation around concrete demands.

The protests grew out of discontent over a nationwide electoral roll review known as the Special Intensive Revision. The revision, which began in 2025, has removed more than 130 million names from eligible voter lists – almost a tenth of India’s entire population.

India’s Election Commission has led the revision and says it is necessary to remove duplicate and ineligible voters. But critics allege the review has political motivations. In the state of West Bengal earlier in 2026, almost 12% of registered voters were removed from voter rolls before India’s ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) sailed to an election victory in a state it had not previously governed.


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Supporters of the youth-led Cockroach Janta Party (CJP) hold placards during a protest demanding the resignation of Indian Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan following an examination paper leak scandal on July 19, 2026. Photo: Reuters

One analysis found that in a large number of constituencies the BJP won, the number of deleted voters exceeded the party’s margin of victory. These events do not definitively prove that Special Intensive Revision deletions changed the state election results. But the pattern is troubling.

So when the Indian Express recently reported that Election Commission members themselves raised 14 objections to voter exclusion during the revision, all of which were overruled by Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar, the CJP called for his resignation and took to Delhi’s streets.

All of this is occurring in the context of considerable democratic decline under Narendra Modi’s government. This has taken the form of executive centralisation, intensified use of anti-terror laws and growing media ownership concentration.

No democracy watchdogs currently classify India as a full democracy. In 2021, Freedom House downgraded India from “free” to “partly free”, while the Sweden-based V-Dem Institute now classifies the world’s most populous country as an “electoral autocracy”.

Arresting the decline

The protests are unlikely to arrest India’s democratic decline. Modi’s government is powered not just by the BJP, but also the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh. This is a century-old Hindu nationalist organisation with well-organised networks extending into schools, unions, charities and neighbourhoods.

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Security personnel detain a protester during a demonstration organised by the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP) to demand the resignation of Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar in New Delhi, India, on October 10, 2026. Photo: Reuters

The combination of deep grassroots organisation and effective government control of media makes Modi’s government extraordinarily capable of mobilising supporters. These advantages help explain why Modi has remained in power for 12 years in a country historically known for turning incumbents out of power.

But the cockroach movement is getting three aspects of its political activism right. First, the movement has begun to restore a sense of political efficacy in India, or the belief that collective action can force a powerful government to retreat.

Earlier in 2026, CJP-led protests successfully forced Modi’s education minister, Dharmendra Pradhan, to resign over a scandal involving leaked exam papers. The stakes are extremely high. In a country where university graduates make up two-thirds of unemployed 20-29 year olds, success in such exams offers a rare pathway to upward mobility.

One indication that participation in the protest movement is now widening came from popular Indian YouTuber, Dhruv Rathee. In a recent interview, Rathee told the BBC that he was not a political figure but now felt compelled to participate in his first protest because “basically the foundation of our democracy is at stake here”.

Second, the protests have brought together previously distinct forces across broad sectors of Indian society. For example, lawyers, farmers’ organisations and activists have come together to back the protests.


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Protesters shout slogans and wave the Indian national flag during a rally organised by the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP), demanding the resignation of Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar over voter list deletions, in New Delhi, India, on October 16, 2026. Photo: Reuters

It is especially important to coordinate the CJP and the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (India) of opposition parties. This is because challenging a dominant party at the polls requires above all opposition coordination.

Opposition groups need not agree on every policy. The CJP is able to supply youth mobilisation without the historical baggage of an established opposition party, while the India bloc can bring parliamentary representation and organisation.

Third, protests are more effective when they coalesce around a clear and specific demand. Mahatma Gandhi’s 1930 Salt March, a 24-day, 240-mile march to protest the British colonial monopoly on salt production and trade, epitomised this strategy. It brought together broad social alliances in opposition to a discrete policy that could be reversed.

A focused demand, in this case the resignation of the chief election commissioner, also gives any movement strategic flexibility. This includes the ability to pause mobilisation after concessions without entirely dissolving the coalition that produced it.

India’s incumbent government retains formidable advantages. The BJP has enormous organisational resources and nearly three years remain before the next national election in 2029, though an upcoming 2027 election in India’s largest state of Uttar Pradesh will provide an important test of the government’s popularity.

That is ample time to outlast protests, exploit opposition divisions and wait for public attention to shift elsewhere. So, the recent demonstrations have not reversed India’s democratic decline. But they have widened political participation, focused public attention on the institutions that underpin democracy and weakened the belief that public resistance is futile.

This article was first published under the title “Can India’s cockroach movement reverse its democratic decline?” in The Conversation, on October 16, 2026.

Maya Tudor is a Professor of Politics and Public Policy at University of Oxford.​
 
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