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I'll take a 3 engined stealth samosa over the samosas from East any day.
Chinese Defense
Saif
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US further restricts AI chip exports
In recent years, Washington has expanded its efforts to curb exports of state-of-the-art chips to China, which can be used in AI and weapons systems, as Beijing’s tech advancements spark concern among policymakers...
www.newagebd.net
US further restricts AI chip exports
Agence France-Presse . Washington, United States 14 January, 2025, 04:19
The United States unveiled new export rules Monday on chips used for artificial intelligence, furthering efforts to make it tough for China and other rivals to access the advanced technology in Joe Biden’s final days as president.
The restrictions were announced in 2023 on exporting certain AI chips to China, which the United States sees as a strategic competitor. But they drew fiery pushback from Beijing.
In recent years, Washington has expanded its efforts to curb exports of state-of-the-art chips to China, which can be used in AI and weapons systems, as Beijing’s tech advancements spark concern among policymakers.
‘The US leads the world in AI now –– both AI development and AI chip design –– and it's critical that we keep it that way,’ US commerce secretary Gina Raimondo told reporters.
The new rules update controls on chips, requiring authorizations for exports, re-exports and in-country transfers –– while also including a series of exceptions for countries considered friendly to the United States.
AI data centers meanwhile will need to comply with enhanced security parameters to be able to import chips.
China’s commerce ministry called the announcement ‘a flagrant violation’ of international trade rules, vowing that Beijing would ‘firmly safeguard’ its interests.
The latest move also drew industry criticism and warnings that it would hurt US competitiveness.
Semiconductor Industry Association chief executive John Neuffer said, ‘We’re deeply disappointed that a policy shift of this magnitude and impact is being rushed out the door days before a presidential transition and without any meaningful input from industry.’
He added in a statement that the rule could cause ‘lasting damage to America's economy and global competitiveness’ by ceding key markets to rivals.
Chip titan Nvidia said in a blog post that ‘while cloaked in the guise of an “anti-China” measure, these rules would do nothing to enhance US security.’
The rules make it ‘hard for our strategic competitors to use smuggling and remote access to evade our export control,’ White House national security adviser Jake Sullivan said.
They also create ‘incentives for our friends and partners around the world to use trusted vendors for advanced AI,’ he added.
The new rules will take effect in 120 days, Raimondo said, giving the incoming administration of president-elect Donald Trump time to potentially make changes.
Freezing the rule, however, could backfire as it risks allowing China to stockpile US hardware or set up facilities in third countries, a senior US official told reporters.
And the Computer & Communications Industry Association cautioned that the rule will hamper the ability of US firms to deploy advanced semiconductors in data centers abroad.
In its post, Nvidia stressed that the first Trump term showed how the United States ‘wins through innovation, competition and by sharing our technologies with the world –– not by retreating behind a wall of government overreach.’
Trump put heavy tariffs on China during his first presidential term.
But his backers in Silicon Valley could also see the rules as an undue burden on their ability to export products.
On Monday, Nvidia shares slid 2.7 per cent around midday, while Intel shares lost 0.3 per cent.
The Information Technology and Innovation Foundation said that pressuring countries to choose between Washington and Beijing could alienate partners and boost China’s position in the global AI ecosystem.
‘Many countries may opt for the side offering them uninterrupted access to the AI technologies vital for their economic growth and digital futures,’ said ITIF vice-president Daniel Castro.
Agence France-Presse . Washington, United States 14 January, 2025, 04:19
The United States unveiled new export rules Monday on chips used for artificial intelligence, furthering efforts to make it tough for China and other rivals to access the advanced technology in Joe Biden’s final days as president.
The restrictions were announced in 2023 on exporting certain AI chips to China, which the United States sees as a strategic competitor. But they drew fiery pushback from Beijing.
In recent years, Washington has expanded its efforts to curb exports of state-of-the-art chips to China, which can be used in AI and weapons systems, as Beijing’s tech advancements spark concern among policymakers.
‘The US leads the world in AI now –– both AI development and AI chip design –– and it's critical that we keep it that way,’ US commerce secretary Gina Raimondo told reporters.
The new rules update controls on chips, requiring authorizations for exports, re-exports and in-country transfers –– while also including a series of exceptions for countries considered friendly to the United States.
AI data centers meanwhile will need to comply with enhanced security parameters to be able to import chips.
China’s commerce ministry called the announcement ‘a flagrant violation’ of international trade rules, vowing that Beijing would ‘firmly safeguard’ its interests.
The latest move also drew industry criticism and warnings that it would hurt US competitiveness.
Semiconductor Industry Association chief executive John Neuffer said, ‘We’re deeply disappointed that a policy shift of this magnitude and impact is being rushed out the door days before a presidential transition and without any meaningful input from industry.’
He added in a statement that the rule could cause ‘lasting damage to America's economy and global competitiveness’ by ceding key markets to rivals.
Chip titan Nvidia said in a blog post that ‘while cloaked in the guise of an “anti-China” measure, these rules would do nothing to enhance US security.’
The rules make it ‘hard for our strategic competitors to use smuggling and remote access to evade our export control,’ White House national security adviser Jake Sullivan said.
They also create ‘incentives for our friends and partners around the world to use trusted vendors for advanced AI,’ he added.
The new rules will take effect in 120 days, Raimondo said, giving the incoming administration of president-elect Donald Trump time to potentially make changes.
Freezing the rule, however, could backfire as it risks allowing China to stockpile US hardware or set up facilities in third countries, a senior US official told reporters.
And the Computer & Communications Industry Association cautioned that the rule will hamper the ability of US firms to deploy advanced semiconductors in data centers abroad.
In its post, Nvidia stressed that the first Trump term showed how the United States ‘wins through innovation, competition and by sharing our technologies with the world –– not by retreating behind a wall of government overreach.’
Trump put heavy tariffs on China during his first presidential term.
But his backers in Silicon Valley could also see the rules as an undue burden on their ability to export products.
On Monday, Nvidia shares slid 2.7 per cent around midday, while Intel shares lost 0.3 per cent.
The Information Technology and Innovation Foundation said that pressuring countries to choose between Washington and Beijing could alienate partners and boost China’s position in the global AI ecosystem.
‘Many countries may opt for the side offering them uninterrupted access to the AI technologies vital for their economic growth and digital futures,’ said ITIF vice-president Daniel Castro.
Saif
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US bans imports from dozens of Chinese firms
The US Department of Homeland Security said on Tuesday that it was adding 37 entities to the Uyghur Forced Labour Prevention Act entity list, bringing its total to nearly 150...
www.newagebd.net
US bans imports from dozens of Chinese firms
Agence France-Presse . Washington, United States 15 January, 2025, 03:46
The United States has banned imports from dozens of China-based companies over alleged ties to forced labour, targeting firms in the mining, textiles and solar industries.
The US Department of Homeland Security said on Tuesday that it was adding 37 entities to the Uyghur Forced Labour Prevention Act entity list, bringing its total to nearly 150.
The additions mean goods wholly or partially made by these firms will be restricted from entering the United States.
Through the action, ‘we again demonstrate our relentless fight against the cruelty of forced labour, our unwavering commitment to basic human rights, and our tireless defense of a free, fair, and competitive market,’ said secretary of homeland security Alejandro Mayorkas.
The department added that this was the ‘largest single expansion of the list.’
The entities added include companies mining and processing critical minerals from Xinjiang, where Beijing has been accused of incarcerating over one million Uyghurs and other Muslim minorities in a network of detention facilities.
Chinese officials strongly deny these claims.
The additions also include companies growing Xinjiang cotton and manufacturing textiles for global export, alongside those producing inputs for solar modules using polysilicon made in the region.
The companies affected include Zijin Mining Group and its subsidiaries in Xinjiang, alongside Huafu Fashion and 25 of its subsidiaries.
The Department of Homeland Security noted that entities added have been ‘linked to forced labor practices.’
The Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act was signed into law in 2021.
Agence France-Presse . Washington, United States 15 January, 2025, 03:46
The United States has banned imports from dozens of China-based companies over alleged ties to forced labour, targeting firms in the mining, textiles and solar industries.
The US Department of Homeland Security said on Tuesday that it was adding 37 entities to the Uyghur Forced Labour Prevention Act entity list, bringing its total to nearly 150.
The additions mean goods wholly or partially made by these firms will be restricted from entering the United States.
Through the action, ‘we again demonstrate our relentless fight against the cruelty of forced labour, our unwavering commitment to basic human rights, and our tireless defense of a free, fair, and competitive market,’ said secretary of homeland security Alejandro Mayorkas.
The department added that this was the ‘largest single expansion of the list.’
The entities added include companies mining and processing critical minerals from Xinjiang, where Beijing has been accused of incarcerating over one million Uyghurs and other Muslim minorities in a network of detention facilities.
Chinese officials strongly deny these claims.
The additions also include companies growing Xinjiang cotton and manufacturing textiles for global export, alongside those producing inputs for solar modules using polysilicon made in the region.
The companies affected include Zijin Mining Group and its subsidiaries in Xinjiang, alongside Huafu Fashion and 25 of its subsidiaries.
The Department of Homeland Security noted that entities added have been ‘linked to forced labor practices.’
The Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act was signed into law in 2021.
Saif
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Trump and Xi speak on the phone ahead of the inauguration, China’s foreign ministry says
US President-elect Donald Trump and Chinese leader Xi Jinping were speaking on the phone late Friday, China’s Foreign Ministry said in a statement. The conversation comes ahead of Trump’s inauguration on Monday. The US-China relationship is expected to be one of the main focuses of Tru
Trump and Xi speak on the phone ahead of the inauguration, China’s foreign ministry says
AP
Published :
Jan 17, 2025 20:43
Updated :
Jan 17, 2025 20:43
A combination of file photos showing Chinese President Xi Jinping (L) and US President-elect Donald Trump — Reuters/File
US President-elect Donald Trump and Chinese leader Xi Jinping were speaking on the phone late Friday, China’s Foreign Ministry said in a statement.
The conversation comes ahead of Trump’s inauguration on Monday. The US-China relationship is expected to be one of the main focuses of Trump’s second term, with tensions between the two superpowers looming in the areas of trade, technology and the self-ruled island of Taiwan, among other things.
Trump has threatened to slap tariffs of 60 per cent on all Chinese imports into the US, but he has also in the past praised his relationship with Xi and has suggested China could help mediate international crises such as the war in Ukraine.
Xi will not attend Trump’s inauguration. China will be represented at the event by Vice President Han Zheng.
AP
Published :
Jan 17, 2025 20:43
Updated :
Jan 17, 2025 20:43
A combination of file photos showing Chinese President Xi Jinping (L) and US President-elect Donald Trump — Reuters/File
US President-elect Donald Trump and Chinese leader Xi Jinping were speaking on the phone late Friday, China’s Foreign Ministry said in a statement.
The conversation comes ahead of Trump’s inauguration on Monday. The US-China relationship is expected to be one of the main focuses of Trump’s second term, with tensions between the two superpowers looming in the areas of trade, technology and the self-ruled island of Taiwan, among other things.
Trump has threatened to slap tariffs of 60 per cent on all Chinese imports into the US, but he has also in the past praised his relationship with Xi and has suggested China could help mediate international crises such as the war in Ukraine.
Xi will not attend Trump’s inauguration. China will be represented at the event by Vice President Han Zheng.
Saif
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Trump raises prospects for a negotiated reset on US-China ties
Donald Trump unexpectedly held off tariffs on China on his first day back at the White House and did not single it out as a threat, raising the prospect of a rapprochement as both sides look to gain from each other rather than rain harm on an adversary.
Trump raises prospects for a negotiated reset on US-China ties
Donald Trump unexpectedly held off tariffs on China on his first day back at the White House and did not single it out as a threat, raising the prospect of a rapprochement as both sides look to gain from each other rather than rain harm on an adversary.
In a speech after his inauguration, the US president refrained from mentioning China, its erstwhile opponent in a previous trade war, even as he said tariffs would make the United States "rich as hell", leaving the door open for fresh negotiations with the world's second-largest economy.
Trump also delayed the ban on China-owned short-video app TikTok, but in an unprecedented move, suggested that the US should be a half owner of TikTok's US business in return for keeping the app alive, saying the company could be worth hundreds of billions of dollars.
As Trump begins his second term, Beijing and Washington find themselves needing a new roadmap to advance their goals and guard their interests, analysts say, although previously unresolved issues such as the 2020 trade deal could jar the currently cordial undertones.
During his first term, Trump quickly struck up a relationship with Chinese President Xi Jinping. Both men lavishly hosted each other in Florida and Beijing. But that did not stop ties deteriorating into a trade war that unleashed a series of tit-for-tat tariffs and uprooted global supply chains.
Neither side appears interested in picking up where they left off, however, with signs pointing to the negotiation table instead.
Donald Trump unexpectedly held off tariffs on China on his first day back at the White House and did not single it out as a threat, raising the prospect of a rapprochement as both sides look to gain from each other rather than rain harm on an adversary.
In a speech after his inauguration, the US president refrained from mentioning China, its erstwhile opponent in a previous trade war, even as he said tariffs would make the United States "rich as hell", leaving the door open for fresh negotiations with the world's second-largest economy.
Trump also delayed the ban on China-owned short-video app TikTok, but in an unprecedented move, suggested that the US should be a half owner of TikTok's US business in return for keeping the app alive, saying the company could be worth hundreds of billions of dollars.
As Trump begins his second term, Beijing and Washington find themselves needing a new roadmap to advance their goals and guard their interests, analysts say, although previously unresolved issues such as the 2020 trade deal could jar the currently cordial undertones.
During his first term, Trump quickly struck up a relationship with Chinese President Xi Jinping. Both men lavishly hosted each other in Florida and Beijing. But that did not stop ties deteriorating into a trade war that unleashed a series of tit-for-tat tariffs and uprooted global supply chains.
Neither side appears interested in picking up where they left off, however, with signs pointing to the negotiation table instead.
Lulldapull
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Why would the US/ UK/ Canada/ EU/ Australia sabotage their relations with China? Its a $2 trillion annual symbiotic relationship for cheap Walmart/ Target/ TJ Max type of goods no?
Until Indian, Vietnamese, Indonesiands/ malaysiandz pick up the cheap consumer goods manufacturing mantle, till then the US is powerless to act against China.
Until Indian, Vietnamese, Indonesiands/ malaysiandz pick up the cheap consumer goods manufacturing mantle, till then the US is powerless to act against China.
Saif
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Weak yuan, Trump tariff threats confound Beijing’s economic puzzle
Higher US tariffs under President Donald Trump could accelerate a slump in the value of China’s currency, complicating recent efforts by Beijing to kickstart a rebound in its struggling economy, analysts warn.
Weak yuan, Trump tariff threats confound Beijing’s economic puzzle
An employee counts 100 Chinese yuan banknotes at a bank in Hefei of Anhui province. Photo: REUTERS/FILE
Higher US tariffs under President Donald Trump could accelerate a slump in the value of China's currency, complicating recent efforts by Beijing to kickstart a rebound in its struggling economy, analysts warn.
Just days after beginning his second term in the White House last week, Trump said he would impose a 10 percent levy on all Chinese products from February 1, while leaving the door open for negotiations.
If implemented, the duties will likely exacerbate the yuan's weakness, just as Chinese leaders work to shore up an economy beset with challenges including sluggish domestic consumption and a prolonged debt crisis in the property sector.
Economists say this year could see the yuan fall to the lowest level against the US dollar since Beijing scrapped its fixed exchange rate two decades ago.
"The combination of looming tariffs, looser monetary policy and a slower pace of rate cuts in the United States will weaken the yuan," said Harry Murphy Cruise, an economist at Moody's Analytics. A depreciated currency enhances the competitiveness of exporters by lowering the prices of their goods and services overseas.
This could encourage Beijing to allow the yuan to decline further in order to support its foreign trade and reduce deflationary pressure at home, notes Alicia Garcia Herrero of Natixis.
But a weaker yuan "could exacerbate trade tensions with the United States, hindering negotiations to bring tariffs back down", said Murphy Cruise.
He added that a "rapid drop" in its value could trigger large-scale capital outflows, similar to those that occurred in 2015 as uncertainty regarding China's economy swirled.
Above all, a major depreciation would run counter to the strategic objective of President Xi Jinping to ensure a "strong currency" and make China a "financial power".
But a stronger yuan would require sacrificing China's currency advantage in trade -- a vital lifeline for the economy at a time of sluggish domestic spending.
"It is a Catch-22 situation," wrote Garcia Herrero.
For now, Beijing's strategy is to prioritise the yuan's stability, with the ambition of ultimately making it a major global reserve currency, analysts from Macquarie Group noted.
The exchange rate could slide to 7.45 yuan per dollar by the end of 2025, from 7.24 currently, noted Murphy Cruise.
While China's central bank cannot put a full halt to the yuan's slump, it "will likely intervene in the foreign exchange markets to ensure that the depreciation... is gradual", he said.
Surpassing the symbolic marker of 7.5 yuan per dollar could cause "panic", sparking an even more rapid spiral, Wang Guo-Chen of the Taiwan-based Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research told AFP.
Authorities may initially orchestrate a slight devaluation in response to US tariffs, but "they will eventually pull back" he said.
The People's Bank of China (PBoC) has recently introduced what it hopes will be hefty support for the yuan, including the issuance of six-month central bank bills in Hong Kong totalling a record 60 billion yuan.
The PBoC has also recently injected tens of billions of dollars into financial circuits in order to stabilise markets and prevent activity from screeching to a halt during the Lunar New Year.
But such moves may come into conflict with Beijing's efforts elsewhere to boost an economy that is struggling to regain momentum.
"It's a very tricky balance: if domestic liquidity is increased, the currency will depreciate," said Wang.
The PBoC's approach so far has been to alternate between liquidity injections and withdrawals, he told AFP.
Beijing has pledged to continue providing major economic support for the domestic economy in 2025, boosting fiscal stimulus and encouraging consumption through measures such as subsidies for household goods.
But the spectre of heightened trade tensions with the United States continues to darken the horizon.
"Domestic consumption sentiment is unlikely to improve meaningfully amid trade disputes," warned Kiyong Seong, macro strategist at Societe Generale.
An employee counts 100 Chinese yuan banknotes at a bank in Hefei of Anhui province. Photo: REUTERS/FILE
Higher US tariffs under President Donald Trump could accelerate a slump in the value of China's currency, complicating recent efforts by Beijing to kickstart a rebound in its struggling economy, analysts warn.
Just days after beginning his second term in the White House last week, Trump said he would impose a 10 percent levy on all Chinese products from February 1, while leaving the door open for negotiations.
If implemented, the duties will likely exacerbate the yuan's weakness, just as Chinese leaders work to shore up an economy beset with challenges including sluggish domestic consumption and a prolonged debt crisis in the property sector.
Economists say this year could see the yuan fall to the lowest level against the US dollar since Beijing scrapped its fixed exchange rate two decades ago.
"The combination of looming tariffs, looser monetary policy and a slower pace of rate cuts in the United States will weaken the yuan," said Harry Murphy Cruise, an economist at Moody's Analytics. A depreciated currency enhances the competitiveness of exporters by lowering the prices of their goods and services overseas.
This could encourage Beijing to allow the yuan to decline further in order to support its foreign trade and reduce deflationary pressure at home, notes Alicia Garcia Herrero of Natixis.
But a weaker yuan "could exacerbate trade tensions with the United States, hindering negotiations to bring tariffs back down", said Murphy Cruise.
He added that a "rapid drop" in its value could trigger large-scale capital outflows, similar to those that occurred in 2015 as uncertainty regarding China's economy swirled.
Above all, a major depreciation would run counter to the strategic objective of President Xi Jinping to ensure a "strong currency" and make China a "financial power".
But a stronger yuan would require sacrificing China's currency advantage in trade -- a vital lifeline for the economy at a time of sluggish domestic spending.
"It is a Catch-22 situation," wrote Garcia Herrero.
For now, Beijing's strategy is to prioritise the yuan's stability, with the ambition of ultimately making it a major global reserve currency, analysts from Macquarie Group noted.
The exchange rate could slide to 7.45 yuan per dollar by the end of 2025, from 7.24 currently, noted Murphy Cruise.
While China's central bank cannot put a full halt to the yuan's slump, it "will likely intervene in the foreign exchange markets to ensure that the depreciation... is gradual", he said.
Surpassing the symbolic marker of 7.5 yuan per dollar could cause "panic", sparking an even more rapid spiral, Wang Guo-Chen of the Taiwan-based Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research told AFP.
Authorities may initially orchestrate a slight devaluation in response to US tariffs, but "they will eventually pull back" he said.
The People's Bank of China (PBoC) has recently introduced what it hopes will be hefty support for the yuan, including the issuance of six-month central bank bills in Hong Kong totalling a record 60 billion yuan.
The PBoC has also recently injected tens of billions of dollars into financial circuits in order to stabilise markets and prevent activity from screeching to a halt during the Lunar New Year.
But such moves may come into conflict with Beijing's efforts elsewhere to boost an economy that is struggling to regain momentum.
"It's a very tricky balance: if domestic liquidity is increased, the currency will depreciate," said Wang.
The PBoC's approach so far has been to alternate between liquidity injections and withdrawals, he told AFP.
Beijing has pledged to continue providing major economic support for the domestic economy in 2025, boosting fiscal stimulus and encouraging consumption through measures such as subsidies for household goods.
But the spectre of heightened trade tensions with the United States continues to darken the horizon.
"Domestic consumption sentiment is unlikely to improve meaningfully amid trade disputes," warned Kiyong Seong, macro strategist at Societe Generale.
Saif
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China’s DeepSeek AI a ‘wakeup call’ for US tech firms
US President Donald Trump said on Monday that Chinese start-up DeepSeek's technology should act as spur for American companies and said it was good that companies in China have come up with a cheaper, faster method of artificial intelligence.
China’s DeepSeek AI a ‘wakeup call’ for US tech firms
Warns Trump, takes aim at DEI, Covid expulsions, transgender troops
Warns Trump, takes aim at DEI, Covid expulsions, transgender troops
- Trump orders planning for 'Iron Dome' missile shield for US
- His admin fires justice dept lawyers who investigated him
US President Donald Trump said on Monday that Chinese start-up DeepSeek's technology should act as spur for American companies and said it was good that companies in China have come up with a cheaper, faster method of artificial intelligence.
"The release of DeepSeek, AI from a Chinese company should be a wakeup call for our industries that we need to be laser-focused on competing to win," Trump said in Florida.
"I've been reading about China and some of the companies in China, one in particular coming up with a faster method of AI and much less expensive method, and that's good because you don't have to spend as much money. I view that as a positive, as an asset," Trump said.
"I view that as a positive because you'll be doing that too, so you won't be spending as much, and you'll get the same result, hopefully," he said.
Trump also signed a series of executive orders on Monday to remove diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) from the military, reinstate thousands of troops who were kicked out for refusing Covid-19 vaccines during the pandemic, and take aim at transgender troops.
Earlier on Monday, Pete Hegseth, who narrowly secured enough votes to become defence secretary, referred to the names of Confederate generals that were once used for two key bases during his remarks to reporters as he entered the Pentagon on his first full day on the job.
Trump signed the executive orders while flying back from Miami to Washington DC.
One of the executive orders signed by Trump said that expressing a "gender identity" different from an individual's sex at birth did not meet military standards.
While the order banned the use of "invented" pronouns in the military, it did not answer basic questions including whether transgender soldiers currently serving in the military would be allowed to stay and, if not, how they would be removed.
Trump's plans have been heavily criticised by advocacy groups, which say his actions would be illegal.
"President Trump has made clear that a key priority for his administration is driving transgender people back into the closet and out of public life altogether," Joshua Block, with the ACLU, said earlier on Monday.
Trump also signed an executive order that "mandated a process to develop an 'American Iron Dome'."
The short-range Iron Dome air defense system was built by Israel's Rafael Advanced Defense Systems with US backing, and was built to intercept rockets fired by the Palestinian Islamist movement Hamas in Gaza towards Israel.
Trump's administration on Monday fired more than a dozen Justice Department lawyers who brought two criminal cases against him, an official said.
The officials were fired after Acting Attorney General James McHenry, a Trump appointee, concluded they "could not be trusted to faithfully implement the President's agenda because of their significant role in prosecuting the President," a Justice Department official said.
"The release of DeepSeek, AI from a Chinese company should be a wakeup call for our industries that we need to be laser-focused on competing to win," Trump said in Florida.
"I've been reading about China and some of the companies in China, one in particular coming up with a faster method of AI and much less expensive method, and that's good because you don't have to spend as much money. I view that as a positive, as an asset," Trump said.
"I view that as a positive because you'll be doing that too, so you won't be spending as much, and you'll get the same result, hopefully," he said.
Trump also signed a series of executive orders on Monday to remove diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) from the military, reinstate thousands of troops who were kicked out for refusing Covid-19 vaccines during the pandemic, and take aim at transgender troops.
Earlier on Monday, Pete Hegseth, who narrowly secured enough votes to become defence secretary, referred to the names of Confederate generals that were once used for two key bases during his remarks to reporters as he entered the Pentagon on his first full day on the job.
Trump signed the executive orders while flying back from Miami to Washington DC.
One of the executive orders signed by Trump said that expressing a "gender identity" different from an individual's sex at birth did not meet military standards.
While the order banned the use of "invented" pronouns in the military, it did not answer basic questions including whether transgender soldiers currently serving in the military would be allowed to stay and, if not, how they would be removed.
Trump's plans have been heavily criticised by advocacy groups, which say his actions would be illegal.
"President Trump has made clear that a key priority for his administration is driving transgender people back into the closet and out of public life altogether," Joshua Block, with the ACLU, said earlier on Monday.
Trump also signed an executive order that "mandated a process to develop an 'American Iron Dome'."
The short-range Iron Dome air defense system was built by Israel's Rafael Advanced Defense Systems with US backing, and was built to intercept rockets fired by the Palestinian Islamist movement Hamas in Gaza towards Israel.
Trump's administration on Monday fired more than a dozen Justice Department lawyers who brought two criminal cases against him, an official said.
The officials were fired after Acting Attorney General James McHenry, a Trump appointee, concluded they "could not be trusted to faithfully implement the President's agenda because of their significant role in prosecuting the President," a Justice Department official said.
