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[🇧🇩] The U.S.A.---A Strategic Partner of Bangladesh

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[🇧🇩] The U.S.A.---A Strategic Partner of Bangladesh
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Bangladesh to import more US cotton to ward off Trump tariff

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File photoi: BSS

Bangladesh looks to import more cotton from the US so that both American suppliers and local businesses can benefit and the country can get immunity from Trump's tariff war, Foreign Adviser Md Touhid Hossain said yesterday.

The Trump administration has been imposing high tariffs on different countries, but Bangladeshi goods have not been targeted by such measures so far.

If Bangladesh imports more cotton from the US, the American government will hesitate to impose tariffs on goods made in Bangladesh, which has been performing well in the US markets despite facing high duties of 15.62 percent, according to Hossain.

The adviser made these comments at a workshop on the importance and potential of cotton cultivation in Bangladesh to save foreign currency.

The session was jointly organised by the Economic Reporters' Forum (ERF), the Bangladesh Cotton Ginners Association, and Bangladesh Sudan Ginning Cotton Co Ltd (Sudan) at the ERF auditorium in Dhaka.

Hossain added that the government would offer bonded warehouse facilities to cotton ginners so they can receive fair prices. This will be part of a greater process to ensure the adequate and timely supply of cotton.

Bonded warehouse facilities would allow ginners -- which are individuals or entities that operate a cotton gin, a machine that separates cotton fibres from their seeds and other impurities -- to supply cotton to spinners for at least 10 fewer cents per pound, which will ultimately benefit the industries.

He revealed that Bangladesh sometimes imports lower-grade cotton at higher prices due to a lack of bonded warehouse facilities.

Hossain also stated that the government would consider classifying cotton as an agricultural product so that growers can benefit from subsidies are encouraged to cultivate more.

"If cotton is recognised as an agricultural product, farmers can be given subsidies to encourage cultivation. They can also avail bank loans."

He said he would urge the government to extend policy support for the cotton cultivators since both the production and import of cotton are important for the textile and garment sectors.

Moreover, Hossain said he wanted to increase cotton production so that it could meet 20 percent of Bangladesh's annual requirement of roughly 90 lakh bales. At present, domestically grown cotton meets only 2 percent of the domestic demand.

Additionally, the adviser assured he would try to remove the 4 percent advanced income tax on cotton ginning.

Land that is being used for tobacco cultivation should be repurposed for cotton cultivation, the adviser said, adding that he did not oppose tobacco cultivation.

He assured that he would raise a proposal which would allow cotton ginners to seek soft loans like the tannery and rawhide sectors to the advisory council soon.

Hossain further said he was not in favour of deferring Bangladesh's status graduation from the group of least developed countries (LDCs).

Since the EU and a few other countries will continue LDC trade benefits for Bangladesh up to 2029, he reasoned that it is a good time to prepare for graduation.

Preparation is very important as the EU has already given a list of actions to qualify for obtaining GSP Plus facilities in EU markets.

"Many taxable people are not paying taxes, so Bangladesh's current tax to gross domestic product ratio stands at around 8 percent, which is even lower than Nepal's. It is shameful," he said.

Bangladesh must increase the tax-GDP ratio to ensure social benefits, he added.

Md Fakhre Alam Ibne Tabib, executive director of the Cotton Development Board, said it is possible to produce 20 to 25 lakh tonnes of cotton in the country if proper policy support is given.

Golam Sarwar, general secretary of the Bangladesh Cotton Ginners Association, said cotton is a subsidised product worldwide, but not in Bangladesh.

Abul Khayer, a Bangladeshi cotton grower in Sudan, said he produces cotton on 32,000 acres of land. He urged Bangladeshis to go to Sudan and cultivate cotton.

Moazzem Hossain, member of the National Board of Revenue, said ginners can be incentivised as they are supplying to the local industrial sector.

ERF President Doulot Akter Mala and General Secretary Abul Kashem also spoke.​
 

Trump’s 2 deputy assistant secretaries to arrive Wed; democratic transition, tariffs, Myanmar issues to dominate meeting
Diplomatic CorrespondentDhaka
Published: 14 Apr 2025, 22: 29

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Nicole Ann Chulick, deputy assistant secretary in the Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs (SCA) of US Department of State, and Andrew R Herrup, deputy assistant secretary in the Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs. US Department of State

Nicole Ann Chulick, deputy assistant secretary in the Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs (SCA) of US Department of State, and Andrew R Herrup, deputy assistant secretary in the Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs, will arrive in Dhaka early Wednesday on a three-day visit.

This will be the first delegation from the US President Trump administration to visit Bangladesh.

Various issues related to the Dhaka-Washington relations including reforms and democratic transition in Bangladesh, reciprocal tariffs imposed by Donald Trump, US assistance in Rohingya crisis and situation in Myanmar will be discussed during their visit.

According to officials from the foreign ministry and Bangladesh’s mission in Washington, Nicole Chulick will arrive in Dhaka first on Wednesday and Andrew Herrup will arrive later. Susan Stevenson, US chargé d’affaires in Myanmar, is likely to join Andrew Herrup.

According to diplomatic sources, the two deputy assistant secretaries will meet the US embassy officials in Dhaka on the first day to discuss current political situation in Bangladesh.

They will then hold separate meetings with leaders of various political parties, including the BNP and Jamaat-e-Islami, as well as representatives of civil society. The US officials will meet with foreign adviser Md Touhid Hossain, National security adviser Khalilur Rahman and other senior government representatives on Thursday.

Regarding this, , foreign adviser Md Touhid Hossain told Prothom Alo this would be the first high-level visit from the US since Donald Trump took office as president. As a result, various issues of the bilateral relations will be discussed. Relevantly, the issue of reciprocal tariffs imposed by Donald Trump might arise during discussions, he added.

Diplomatic sources said Nicole Chulick will focus on discussions with high-level interim government representatives on reform processes, especially on the US assistance to Bangladesh in its democratic transition. She might exchange views with leaders of various political parties including BNP and Jamaat-e-Islami, as well as representatives of civil society.

On the other hand, Andrew Herrup’s visit will emphasise the Myanmar and Rohingya situations. The Myanmar junta has no control over the country except for a few areas. Myanmar has become a hub for drug trafficking, illegal arms trade, abductions of foreign nationals, and human trafficking, including women and children, along with the persisting Rohingya issue.​
 

2 US officials in Dhaka to discuss trade, tariff, Rohingya, politics
Staff Correspondent 15 April, 2025, 21:52

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From left, Andrew R Herrup and Nicole Ann Chulick. | BSS photo

Two United States high officials, deputy assistant secretary at the Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs Nicole Ann Chulick arrived at Dhaka on Tuesday, and deputy assistant secretary at the Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs Andrew R Herrup is due in city today on official visits to discuss trade, reciprocal tariffs, Rohingya and other issues of bilateral interest.

The US delegation, led by Nicole Ann Chulick who met her US colleagues on her arrival, would begin its official engagements today, officials in Dhaka confirmed.

These are the first delegations from the administration of the newly elected US president, Donald Trump, to visit Bangladesh.

Foreign affairs adviser Md Touhid Hossain in the past week said that they would discuss all aspects of relations with the US delegations.

The delegations are likely to hold separate meetings with political parties, including the Bangladesh Nationalist Party and Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh, besides government officials and civil society members over Bangladesh’s democratic transition, reform initiatives of the interim government led by chief adviser Professor Muhammad Yunus, and bilateral trade, among other issues, according to officials concerned.

The previous Biden administration extended support for reforms and democratic transition in Bangladesh.

The delegation led by Andrew Herrup during its visit would focus on the Rohingya crisis and Myanmar situation as Bangladesh has been pressing for the return of more than 1.2 million Myanmar nationals of Rohingya community who fled to Bangladesh, facing brutal atrocities by the Myanmar military since 2017.

Susan Stevenson, US chargé d’affaires in Myanmar, is likely to join Andrew Herrup during his visit to Bangladesh beginning today.

The US deputy assistant secretaries are scheduled to depart Dhaka by April 18.

Bangladesh, which had appealed for a pause in the reciprocal tariffs slapped recently by the Trump administration, has already welcomed the US decision for a 90-day suspension of the reciprocal tariffs for most countries.

On April 9, the US president Donald Trump declared a complete halt on all ‘reciprocal’ tariffs, taking immediate effect, with the exception of those imposed on China, Canada and Mexico.

In a post on his Truth Social account, Trump stated that he had ‘authorised a 90-day pause, and a substantially lowered Reciprocal Tariff during this period, of 10%, also effective immediately.’

Chief adviser Professor Muhammad Yunus on April 7 sent a letter to US president Donald Trump, requesting a three-month postponement of the proposed reciprocal tariff measures on Bangladeshi exports to the US, single largest destination of Bangladesh’s readymade garment exports.

The move came after Trump announced steep 37 per cent tariff on April 2, triggering an alarm in Dhaka over its potential impact on export earnings and jobs in key sectors such as garments and textiles.​
 

US delegation meets Chief Adviser, discusses reform, Rohingya, trade
FE Online Report
Published :
Apr 17, 2025 20:29
Updated :
Apr 17, 2025 20:29

A visiting US delegation called on Chief Adviser (CA) Professor Dr Muhammad Yunus on Thursday and expressed support for the reform agenda of the Interim Government. They also discussed regional issues of peace, security, and development, said a spokesman of the CA Office.

The delegation included Deputy Assistant Secretaries of State Nicole A Chulick and Andrew Herrup.

Bangladesh’s National Security Adviser, Dr Khalilur Rahman, and the head of US mission in Dhaka, Tracey Ann Jacobson, were present at the meeting.

The US officials expressed deep appreciation for Bangladesh’s generosity in hosting 1.2 million Rohingyas and thanked the Chief Adviser for his leadership in making progress on the issue.

Dr Yunus termed the recent identification by the Myanmar government of 180,000 Rohingyas as fit for return to Rakhine as an important progress.

"We appreciate your vision of looking at the Rohingya issue not in isolation but in the context of Myanmar as a whole," said Chulick.

The US officials also appreciated the Chief Adviser’s approach to enhancing regional cooperation, connectivity, and people-to-people contacts.

The Chief Adviser underlined the excellent bilateral relations between the two countries and reaffirmed the interim government’s commitment to working closely with the Trump administration on the entire range of bilateral relations. He thanked US President Donald J Trump for resuming aid for the Rohingyas and for the 90-day pause in the application of reciprocal tariffs. "We are continuing our work to support his trade agenda," he said.

Meanwhile, in his meeting with the visiting US delegation, National Security Advisor Dr Khalilur Rahman discussed major regional issues of peace and security and key aspects of bilateral relations between Bangladesh and the US.

They also discussed the Rohingya crisis and the situation in Myanmar at length.

The US delegation expressed appreciation for Bangladesh’s approach to addressing the issue.​
 

Economists urge FTA talks with US to safeguard $8.0b exports
FE REPORT
Published :
Apr 18, 2025 00:36
Updated :
Apr 18, 2025 00:36

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Bangladesh needs to pursue a strong, evidence-based negotiation and proactively initiate a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the US in response to President Donald Trump's declaration of higher tariffs, to safeguard its $8 billion export market in the country.

Additionally, comprehensive policy measures are needed to boost export earnings from the US and other countries by diversifying markets and enhancing competitiveness rather than relying on increased imports from the US to address trade imbalances.

These remarks came from experts, economists and representatives of the private sector on Thursday from a dialogue titled "Trump Reciprocal Tariffs and Bangladesh: Implications and Response" organised by the Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD) at a hotel in the capital.

Professor Rehman Sobhan, Chairman of CPD, delivered special commentary, while Professor Mustafizur Rahman, a distinguished fellow at CPD, presented a keynote paper at the event chaired by Dr Fahmida Khatun, Executive Director of the host organisation.

Md Fazlul Hoque, former President of BKMEA, Dr Mostafa Abid Khan, former Member of the Bangladesh Tariff and Trade Commission, Md Mahbub ur Rahman, CEO of HSBC Bangladesh, Shams Mahmud, President of the Bangladesh Thai Chamber of Commerce and Industry, and Taslima Akter Lima, President of Bangladesh Garments Sramik Sanghati spoke, among others.

Mr Rehman Sobhan said that China is the main target of President Donald Trump as it is the world's largest economy in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP) and holds the highest competitiveness both domestically and globally.

The trade war would create opportunities for boosting export from Bangladesh to China, he said, adding that China-despite being the largest garment exporter to the US-exports around $17 billion annually, significantly more than Bangladesh's $7.0 billion.

Facing a 145 per cent tariff, export from China to the US could drop to nearly zero, while countries like Bangladesh, Vietnam and Cambodia may fill the $17 billion gap, he said. The prominent economist also recommended not to provide any additional facilities for the US in trade and said any concessions for any country must be extended to all countries under the MFN principle.

He said Bangladesh should carefully craft its policy responses, prioritizing export promotion to alternative markets-especially the EU, where it enjoys duty-free access-while enhancing competitiveness to tap into markets like Australia, Canada, and Japan.Professor Mustafizur Rahman stressed the importance of enhancing regional trade partnerships, strengthening South-South cooperation, and strategically positioning Bangladesh amid the potential global trade realignment triggered by the new tariff regime.

Laying stress on evidence-based negotiations, he said Bangladesh collects $180 million annually in duties on US imports at 6.2 per cent average, but it drops to $64 million or 2.2 per cent after rebates. On the other hand, Bangladesh pays $1.08 billion in duties on exports to the US at 15.2 per cent of tariff, added Mustafizur Rahman.

He said Bangladesh would be in a favourable position in negotiations with the US on tariff rates but would likely face major challenges regarding non-tariff barriers, intellectual property rights, labour standards, and related other issues.

He anticipated that the new US tariffs would significantly harm global trade and the US itself, noting that while the full impact remains uncertain, US consumers, buyers, and exporters will be affected.

He said that the effect of the tariff on Bangladesh would depend on the extent of tariff, its duration, and the range of products covered, adding that much would also hinge on how a country responds within the 90-day window after receiving a concession.

He emphasised the need for bilateral negotiation and said the Trade and Investment Cooperation Forum Agreement (Ticfa) would be the key platform for discussion, which needs to be activated through a scheduled meeting.

In that forum, the government must ask which items the US is interested in and assess the potential revenue loss if those items are offered to others, he said.

He undermined the letter issued by Chief Adviser Dr Muhammad Yunus offering free trade access of several items like gas turbines, semiconductors and medical equipment. He said that offering zero tariffs to the US would require similar concessions for other countries under MFN rules of the WTO.

Mustafizur Rahman underscored the importance of signing an FTA with the US to offer exclusive concessions and urged the government to prioritize certification, standardization, and the intellectual property rights (IPR) regime-acknowledging these would be challenging.

However, he noted that the US has FTAs with countries like Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Bahrain, and Jordan-none of which are highly developed-suggesting that Bangladesh could also secure one through effective negotiation.

Citing the USTR report, he pointed to US concerns over high tariffs, weak IPR protections, labour standards, and bureaucratic hurdles in Bangladesh, stressing that these issues must be resolved to attract both US and global investment.

It is extremely difficult to respond effectively to the US demand for a balanced trade, as importing goods worth $7 billion within just three months is quite impossible, said Mostafa Abid Khan.

He added that even if Bangladesh reduces tariffs on a particular product, it is not guaranteed that exports from the US to Bangladesh will increase.

Shams Mahmud expressed concern that the massive tariff has disrupted the local supply chain, with some orders held back and clients seeking discounts. He added that local businesses are facing cash flow issues and feared increased harassment by the NBR as they try to meet revenue targets.

Md Fazlul Haque said that the actions of the Trump administration are like an unknown disease-no economist has been able to identify its nature.

"As a result, we are uncertain about what may happen to us. We are not sure which measure will work to resolve this issue," he said.

Babul Akter, General Secretary of the Bangladesh Garment and Industrial Workers Federation, urged the government to provide targeted support to US-exporting factories and avoid using the situation to shut down struggling factories, which could lead to widespread unemployment.​
 

US wants precise action plan from Bangladesh
Diplomatic Correspondent Dhaka
Updated: 24 Apr 2025, 20: 13

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Courtesy of Bangladesh Embassy in the US

The United States has sought to know what steps Bangladesh would take to reduce the trade deficiency between the two countries and how they will execute them.

Washington wants a precise action plan in this regard from Bangladesh where mention of necessary steps for the sake of changing the labour condition, labour law and intellectual property law is essential.

These issues came up in the talk between chief adviser’s special envoy on international affairs Lutfey Siddiqui and US assistant trade representative for South and Central Asia Brendon Lynch on Wednesday morning (Washington local time).

Lutfey Siddiqui represented Bangladesh and Brendon Lynch represented the US in the bilateral talks.

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Chief adviser’s special envoy on international affairs Lutfey Siddiqui and US assistant trade representative for South and Central Asia Brendon Lynch in Washington on 23 April 2025.

Press minister for Bangladesh Embassy in the US, Golam Mortoza told Prothom Alo from Washington that the US has commended Bangladesh during the talks.

After US President Donald Trump decided to impose counter tariffs on different countries, Chief Adviser Professor Muhammad Yunus had sent a letter to the US president on 7 April.

On the same day commerce adviser Sk Bashir Uddin had also sent a letter to United States Trade Representative (USTR) Jamieson Greer. The letter was sent to the US with the request of suspending the counter tariffs for three months. Later, US President Donald Trump suspended the counter tariff for 90 days.

Within a few days of sending the letter, Bangladesh has reflected upon its own initiative to solve the issue through discussion by sending a representative to Washington.

Diplomatic sources report that Bangladesh in the discussion spoke of importing more Soybean oil and LNG alongside cotton to reduce the trade deficiency. The issue of importing goods from the US both on government and private levels came up in the discussions.

At the time it was stated on behalf of the US that nobody expects that the trade deficiency would be gone completely if steps are taken at the moment. However it’s necessary to ensure that Bangladesh is taking visible steps to resolve the matter. The US wants to see precise action plan on what steps Bangladesh would take for that and how they would be implemented.

A source from Washington stated that the US has advised on including issues of bringing necessary changes to labour rights protection, improving their work environment, labour conditions, labour law and intellectual property law alongside reducing the tariffs on goods imported from the US and have planning about the imported goods in the action plan.​
 

Bangladesh moves toward signing FTA with US
Body formed to draft a proposed deal

FE REPORT
Published :
May 15, 2025 09:20
Updated :
May 15, 2025 09:20

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Bangladesh is taking steps toward signing a zero-tariff deal or a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the USA in a bid to enhance bilateral trade and investment, according to sources.

The Ministry of Commerce (MoC) on Monday formed a high-powered committee to prepare a draft deal and submit it to the commerce secretary within the next 15 days, they said.

According to the terms of reference (ToR), the eight-member body will identify applicable sectors for inclusion in the proposed agreement by giving highest priority to protect the country's interests, trade growth, investment, etc.

The committee would review the recent free-trade agreements between the US and other countries, if necessary. Besides, necessary additions and subtractions can be made to the draft in the light of the ongoing negotiation experience of Bangladesh.

The commerce ministry is currently working to sign FTAs with more than two dozen countries. It has so far signed the lone PTA (Preferential Trade Agreement) with Bhutan, which came into effect on July 1, 2022.

"Feasibility study comes first. Then we can decide on a deal. In fact, we will sign a FTA or PTA with a country only when it is financially and economically viable for our country," said a commerce ministry official.

A bilateral free-trade or preferential-trade pact is a matter of negotiation between two countries. The objectives of FTAs are to achieve zero tariffs between the two signatory countries and reduce trade barriers. No country will agree to a deal if it goes against its interests.

A senior commerce ministry official admitted that progress on negotiating bilateral FTAs with some countries is on the slow lane.

The government is working sincerely on FTA and PTA issues but progress is slow due to delays by potential partner countries, according to the official.

Signing FTAs with some countries may not be feasible for Bangladesh as it could cause heavy revenue losses, according to trade officials.

The process of signing FTAs with some countries is currently at the negotiating stage.

Discussions are underway to sign FTAs and CEPAs with Indonesia, the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), Thailand, Malaysia, China, Turkey, APTA, ASEAN, Australia, the GCC, Japan, the Philippines, South Korea, MERCOSUR (The Southern Common Market) and Singapore.​
 

Bangladesh reducing import duties on over 100 goods to appease Trump

Published :
May 19, 2025 23:23
Updated :
May 19, 2025 23:23

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The interim government is set to reduce import duties on at least 100 types of goods in the upcoming budget, aiming to create a favourable ground for negotiations following the additional tariffs imposed by the United States.

Chief Advisor Muhammad Yunus gave provisional approval to this move during a meeting with the National Board of Revenue (NBR) on Monday.

The financial advisor, NBR chairman and senior officials from the Income Tax, value-added tax (VAT), and Customs policy branches as well as the first and second secretaries were in attendance.

The meeting began at 4:40pm and concluded around 7:10pm.

An official present at the meeting told bdnews24.com, “We proposed zero duties on 100 tariff lines, keeping in mind imports from the United States.

“He (Muhammad Yunus) then asked how we could apply this specifically to the US. We said it was not possible and explained to him that the tariff cuts would primarily benefit the US.”

A tariff line, identified by an HS (Harmonised System) code, refers to a specific customs duty rate assigned to one or more similar products.

Customs duties for imports are determined based on these codes.

The goods include nearly 15–16 items such as oil, gas, arms, fighter aircraft parts and missiles—products that are typically purchased only by the government or in order to lower the trade deficit.

Officials explained that since such government purchases come under special agreements with duty exemptions, there’s no risk of revenue loss in these cases.

In addition, the chief advisor said taxes must not be imposed in areas where revenue potential is low and where it could raise pressure on the general public or create political unrest.

The directive led to proposals in the budget to increase the individual tax-free income threshold. Though the corporate tax rate will remain unchanged, the head of the caretaker government also approved the proposal of some flexibility in compliance requirements.

A notable policy shift includes removing tax exemptions in fisheries, dairy, and poultry sectors—areas where political and administrative elites have often invested to gain tax advantages.

The facility allowing investment of undisclosed income, or black money, in the purchase of houses, flats, and apartments will continue into the next fiscal year.

Although the corporate tax rate may increase, turnover tax is set to double.

A minimum tax of Tk 5,000 will be imposed on all individual taxpayers who fall within the tax net, while the highest personal tax rate will be raised to 30 percent—a move that has also received approval on-principle.

The finance advisor is scheduled to propose the budget for the upcoming fiscal year in the form of an ordinance through state televisions on Jun 2. VAT and customs provisions will come into effect immediately.

Unlike regular years, the budget won’t be discussed in the parliament due to its absence this time. Instead, public discussion, talk shows, and reactions will help shape any necessary adjustments, which will later be formalised by passing the ordinance as the Finance Act.​
 

Trump’s remittance tax plan poses threat to Bangladesh

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The US House Budget Committee voted late on Sunday to move forward with President Donald Trump's "One Big Beautiful Bill Act", a proposal that could make sending money back home more expensive for three lakh Bangladeshis currently living in the United States.

The bill proposes a 5 percent tax on all international money transfers made by non-US citizens, including holders of non-immigrant visas such as the H-1B and green card holders.

During the January-March quarter of this year, Bangladesh received the highest amount of remittances from the US -- which was more than 18 percent of the total inflow.

"This is a matter of concern for Bangladesh. It would deal a massive blow to our increasing remittance inflow," said Birupaksha Paul, a professor of economics at the State University of New York in Cortland.

In the first nine months of the 2024–25 fiscal year, Bangladesh received $3.94 billion in remittances from the US, according to the Bangladesh Bank.

If enacted, the US law would deduct 5 percent from the transferred amount at the point of transfer. No minimum exemption has been proposed, meaning even small transfers would be taxed.

The measure could financially hurt around 300,000 Bangladeshis living in the US, according to 2023 estimates from the US Census Bureau.

Describing the proposed levy as "unfair", Paul said, "As people send remittance from their taxed income, it would be unfair to levy tax on remittance again."

He added that the bill might still pass due to the current political landscape in Washington.

"Most of the Congress members are fourth or fifth-generation migrants who no longer send remittances. And there is not much of a voice among economists here."

Paul said that the move comes at a time when the US is grappling with rising public debt and is looking for new revenue sources.

If the bill becomes law, India and several Latin American nations, which also receive large sums in remittances from the US, would feel a sharp impact.

For Bangladesh, Paul recommended allowing the exchange rate to be fully determined fully by the market, rather than offering remittance incentives.

"Better rates may attract remitters more effectively than cash incentives," he said.

Syed Mahbubur Rahman, managing director and CEO of Mutual Trust Bank, echoed similar concerns of Paul.

"If Bangladesh receives $1 billion in remittances from the US, a 5 percent tax would mean a $50 million loss," he said.

"As the US is our top remittance source, the impact would be significantly high," he added. "It would be a scary situation for the country's foreign exchange reserves."

Mohammad Abdur Razzaque, an economist and chairman of the Dhaka-based think tank Research and Policy Integration for Development (RAPID), said the proposed tax could push many back towards using illegal money transfer channels such as hundi, where rates are already more attractive.

"It will particularly affect small remitters," he said. "This is a policy challenge by a foreign country, but it will have serious domestic consequences."

"It is a matter of concern for us as the US is our largest remittance-contributing country."

Razzaque called for a united global response, pointing out that such a tax would undermine international efforts to reduce the cost of sending remittances.

"This is not just about Bangladesh. All affected countries should raise their voices collectively," he said.​
 

Recast of tariff structures in budget

American imports getting cheaper under 500 products' duty cuts


WTO tariff compliance after Bangladesh's LDC graduation, aligning with Trump tariffs work

Doulot Akter Mala
Published :
May 30, 2025 00:38
Updated :
May 30, 2025 00:38

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Import taxes on nearly 500 products, including 100 from America, are up for cuts in the upcoming budget to smooth the path of Bangladesh's LDC graduation next year and offset Trump tariffs.

Of the items, some 500 goods will see cuts ranging from 20 to 40 per cent in supplementary duty and regulatory duty (RD) while customs duty (CD) would be reduced on 135 items, official sources said.

The items include fish, animal-based items, less-commonly-traded goods, and certain intermediate raw materials.

"We are going to waive CD on 100 items imported from USA to align the tariff rate with reciprocity as desired by the Trump administration," says one revenue official.

To phase out protective tariffs -- meant for providing protection to fledging domestic industries -- import duty would be increased up to threefold on raw materials of 14 manufacturing sectors.

Those coming under the tax hike include beverages, energy-saving bulbs, water purifiers, fans, cigarette paper, and food processing.

Officials say the 'minimum value' system would be phased out for what is dubbed trade parity as it doesn't exist in any countries across the world.

However, as per lending conditions set by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) on mobilising more revenues, the government would increase the fixed value on 24 items for next fiscal year.

To comply with World Trade Organization (WTO) regulations also, tariff values and minimum values are set to be removed for around 40 types of products.

Import duties on raw materials for 59 types of medicines, including those used for cancer treatments, may be withdrawn entirely.

Minimum value refers to a fixed government-declared price below which no product can be assessed for duty, regardless of the declared import price.

This system helps prevent revenue evasion through under-invoicing. However, according to WTO standards, both tariff values and minimum values are inconsistent with global practices.

Bangladesh currently imports around 7,500 genres of products (tariff lines based on HS codes), most of which face very high import tariffs. Over 100 of these imports are subject to tariff-and minimum-value assessments, which have been widely criticized.

Officials have said upon Bangladesh graduating from LDC status, the country will have to move away from such tariff structures. Currently, local industries benefit significantly from tariff walls (high protection), which are not aligned with global standards.

According to the National Board of Revenue (NBR), the average import tariff in Bangladesh is 28 per cent -- more than double the average for LDCs.

Beverages, energy-saving bulbs, water-purifying machines, electric fans, cigarette paper, food processing may come under higher import duty.

Malt extract, food preparations of flour, grouts, meal, starch, or malt extract for infant or young children in bulk, imported by the food industry, nutritional supplements for the food industry for pregnant and breastfeeding women, soya-protein-based food preparations, raw materials for water-purifying machine, woven fabrics of man-made fibers for satin ribbon manufacturing, too, may see a hike in duty taxes.

For beverage concentrates -- CD might be increased from 10 per cent to 15 per cent while import for cigarette paper for tobacco industry may see 100-percent SD in a hike from the existing 60 per cent. The customs duty on non-alloyed aluminum rectangular plates, sheets, and strips for electric-fan manufacturing might be increased to 5.0 per cent from 1.0 per cent.

To promote the local leather industry, the government is likely to reduce customs duty on several chemicals under seven HS codes, including chromium, wattle extract, and tanning extracts of vegetable origin.

Sulphate-import customs duty will be down to 5.0 per cent from 10 per cent. However, VAT at 15 per cent will be applicable to this item.

Specific duty on import of refined sugar is likely to come down to Tk 4,000 from Tk 4,500, supplementary duty on microbus import will be halved from per cent.

The government is likely to facilitate local manufacturing of computers by adding some accessories to the list of pared-down import duties.

Customs duty on bus import is likely to be cut to half at 5.0 per cent from the current rate of 10.

To protect the local abrasive paper industry, the upcoming budget is likely to reduce customs duty on its two major raw materials- Phenolic resins and sandpaper coating materials -- to 5.0 per cent and 15 per cent from the current rates of 10 and 25, respectively.

Steel-industry raw material mould powder is currently facing 25-percent customs duty and a 3.0-percent regulatory duty. The upcoming budget is likely to reduce this to 15% and waive the regulatory duty.

To promote fruit export, the government is likely to reduce customs duty from 25 per cent to 5.0 per cent on fruit-bag imports.

Helicopter import is likely to face a hike in customs duty from 0% to 10%, and 15% VAT, 5% Advance Tax and 5% Advance Income Tax from the next fiscal year.​
 

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