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[🇧🇩] Energy Security of Bangladesh

[🇧🇩] Energy Security of Bangladesh
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ADANI’S OUTSTANDING BILLS
BD pays most part off, avoids $20m penalty


M Azizur Rahman
Published :
Jun 30, 2025 00:08
Updated :
Jun 30, 2025 00:08

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In a major financial manoeuvre, the interim government has paid nearly all outstanding dues to India's Adani Power, securing a waiver of US$20 million in late payment interest.

The Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) confirmed a record monthly payment of $437 million in June to settle arrears with the Indian conglomerate.

This is the highest single-month payment made to Adani since Bangladesh began importing electricity from its Jharkhand-based Godda power plant in April 2023.

"We paid around US$437 million this month (June) to Adani to reduce the outstanding overdue payment," Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) Chairman Md Rezaul Karim told The Financial Express on Sunday.

He expressed hope that the remaining overdue amount would be cleared soon. Adani has responded positively to the payment and has waived the late interest charges, he added.

With this payment, Bangladesh has so far remitted approximately US$1.5 billion to Adani Power Jharkhand Ltd (APJL), though a dispute remains over the exact amount still owed.

BPDB officials estimate the remaining dues at US$193 million, while Adani claims the figure is closer to US$340 million, highlighting ongoing disagreements over coal pricing formulas and capacity charges, according to sources familiar with the backlog.

Officials attribute the discrepancy between Adani's and BPDB's figures to differing coal pricing formulas and capacity charge calculations.

Despite the variance, Adani has agreed to waive US$20 million in interest, signalling a willingness to move forward as both sides continue negotiations.

Adani has so far received overdue payments until March, officials noted.

The company expects the Bangladesh government to clear the remaining dues by September and maintain regular payments going forward.

The payments come amid mounting pressure on Bangladesh's foreign exchange reserves and heightened scrutiny over the cost structure of imported electricity.

Adani Power, which operates the 1,496 MW Godda Ultra Supercritical Thermal Power Plant in Jharkhand, began supplying power to Bangladesh in April 2023.

Before the recent payments, unpaid bills had reportedly ballooned to nearly US$900 million, according to Adani's estimates.

The power purchase from the APJL plant has become a much-debated issue in Bangladesh since power flow began, under what many critics see as an overrated deal signed by the now-deposed Awami League government.

After power deliveries began, the BPDB requested revisions to the power purchase agreement (PPA) with Adani, particularly concerning electricity imports from the Jharkhand plant, but without success so far.

The original deal, signed in November 2017 for a 25-year term, includes a dedicated 400kV transmission line linking the Indian plant to Bangladesh's national grid.

The agreement has come under fire for contentious issues such as coal pricing, capacity payments, tax waivers, and other associated costs.

Adani shut down one of its two power units in Jharkhand on November 1 last year, halving cross-border electricity supply to Bangladesh due to a payment backlog of around US$850 million.

The company also threatened to halt the remaining unit from November 7 last unless dues were cleared.

However, Adani reversed its decision after BPDB paid US$170 million by opening a letter of credit (LC) through Bangladesh Krishi Bank.

Sources said the original agreement has drawn criticism for its coal pricing formula, which ties costs to volatile international benchmarks and includes high freight charges due to Adani's coal sourcing from distant suppliers like Australia.

A technical committee formed by Bangladesh's interim government has flagged these terms as disproportionately favourable to Adani, especially compared to other coal-based plants such as Payra.

Despite the disputes, both sides are now engaged in negotiations to reconcile differences.

Adani has expressed a willingness to revisit the pricing formula once all outstanding payments are settled, sources said.

The interim government, led by Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus, has also launched a broader review of foreign power deals signed under the previous administration.

The Adani agreement, Bangladesh's single largest energy deal with an Indian investor, is under particular scrutiny for its long-term cost implications and lack of transparency.​
 
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BD risks losing billions in Chinese RE investments
Says CPD at the Bangladesh-China Renewable Energy Forum


FE REPORT
Published :
Jul 01, 2025 00:05
Updated :
Jul 01, 2025 00:05

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The Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD) organised the 3rd Bangladesh-China Renewable Energy Forum dialogue titled 'Recent Challenges for Chinese Overseas Investment in Bangladesh's Renewable Energy Sector: Way Forward' at a city hotel on Monday. CPD Research Director Dr Khondaker Golam Moazzem and Programme Associate Abrar Ahammed Bhuiyan presented the keynote paper. — Focus Bangla

The Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD) has cautioned that Bangladesh could lose billions in Chinese renewable-energy investments unless immediate steps are taken to streamline regulations and stabilise the investment climate.

This warning came during the third Bangladesh-China Renewable Energy Forum, held in the capital on Monday.

At the event, CPD researchers Dr Khondaker Golam Moazzem and Abrar Ahammed Bhuiyan revealed that the current policy landscape is proving increasingly inhospitable to foreign investors, particularly those from China, who have emerged as the largest contributors to foreign direct investment (FDI) in Bangladesh's renewable energy.

The CPD study highlighted a number of systemic challenges, including sluggish bureaucratic procedures, policy inconsistencies, unreliable digital services, and inadequate institutional support-all of which are deterring investment even before projects break ground.

A major blow to investor confidence, the researchers said, was the government's sudden cancellation of 31 solar power initiatives despite having issued Letters of Intent (LoIs).

The affected projects, totalling an estimated 3,300 megawatts and attracting prospective investments of around USD 6 billion, had already seen preliminary commitments of about USD 300 million from Chinese firms for land acquisition and groundwork. With these developments now stalled, investors face significant financial setbacks and a loss of trust in the country's investment reliability.

Representing the Chinese business community, Han Kun, President of the Chinese Enterprises Association in Bangladesh, voiced serious concerns about retroactive changes to power tariffs. He cited examples of operational plants-such as those in Patuakhali and Barishal-that received directives to alter the pricing structures agreed upon in signed contracts. "For investors, learning that key terms will be revised after construction is deeply unsettling," Han remarked. "Such unpredictability sends a strong deterrent signal to future financiers."

He further mentioned instances where payments were withheld or arbitrarily reduced-such as a USD 1.45 million deduction from a Chinese-funded project for an alleged delay in performance bond submission, despite no such penalty clause in the original agreement. In another case, over USD 200 million owed to the 1320 MW SSI plant remains unpaid.

CPD's analysis, which evaluated Bangladesh's investor facilitation framework against the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Global Action Menu, pointed to multiple flaws across different tiers.

At the national level, abrupt rule changes and ineffective enforcement of bilateral treaties were cited. At the intermediate level, the report flagged non-transparent procurement procedures and land-related complications. On the ground, cumbersome documentation, inconsistent digital portals, and inadequate multilingual support-particularly in English and Chinese-were found to be hampering investor engagement.

Speakers at the forum also called attention to missed opportunities in sectors such as rooftop solar and merchant power generation. Despite the government's emphasis on expanding clean energy, limitations on rooftop capacity and the absence of a structured framework for merchant power projects are curbing investor interest.

Wang Weiquan of the Chinese Renewable Energy Industries Association attributed China's success in attracting renewable investment to policy consistency, fixed tariffs, and guaranteed off-take mechanisms. Bangladesh, he noted, lacks similar enabling conditions.

Md Shahidur Rahman, Bangladesh country head for Jinko Solar, emphasised that in many countries, governments help secure land for solar facilities-something Bangladesh has yet to do effectively. He also warned about the proliferation of low-quality, unauthorised solar panels entering the market, undermining industry standards.

SK Md Ruhul Amin, representing Chint Solar, questioned the rationale behind the cancelled LoIs, which the government claims were scrapped due to corruption. "We still haven't been informed where exactly the alleged irregularities occurred," he said. "We followed all formal steps, from land purchase to fund transfers, yet we're left without clarity or resolution."

Masudur Rahim, CEO of Omera Renewable Energy Ltd, highlighted gaps in the existing tender system-particularly the absence of implementation agreements, lack of payment security, and inconsistent tariff policies, which he said undermine confidence in long-term investment.

The CPD urged immediate reforms, including a centralised digital platform for all business processes, simplified and unified licensing procedures, and the removal of restrictive caps on rooftop installations. The think tank also recommended offering alternative projects or compensation to investors impacted by cancelled agreements, along with the creation of a formal grievance redress mechanism.

Dr Moazzem stressed the urgency of establishing a stable and transparent investment regime. "As global momentum for clean energy accelerates, Bangladesh must make itself a more predictable and investor-friendly destination-or risk falling behind in the race for sustainable development."​
 
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Bangladesh clears Adani arrears, ‘settles’ issues in power purchase agreement

bdnews24.com
Published :
Jul 01, 2025 23:12
Updated :
Jul 01, 2025 23:12

Bangladesh has resolved its payment dispute with India’s Adani Power, clearing overdue bills and removing uncertainty over power supply from the company’s Jharkhand-based plant.

A PTI report citing New Delhi sources reveals that Bangladesh made a record single payment of $437 million in June, settling past arrears, transmission charges, and all issues related to the power purchase agreement (PPA).

Bangladesh now has no pending dues. In addition, it has issued a letter of credit (LC) equivalent to two months’ worth of bills, along with a sovereign guarantee covering all outstanding amounts.

With the financial issues settled, the Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) has formally requested Adani Power to continue supplying electricity from both units of its Jharkhand plant at the contracted rate.​
 
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Eastern Refinery's second unit to be built with govt funding
BPC plans two more refineries in Matarbari and Payra

The government has finally decided to construct Eastern Refinery Limited (ERL) Unit-2 with state funding, moving away from its earlier plan of seeking foreign investment.

Besides, the Bangladesh Petroleum Corporation (BPC) has taken up plans to establish two more refineries in Matarbari and Payra.

BPC Chairman Md Amin Ul Ahsan shared the information at a press conference held at the ERL premises in Chattogram yesterday afternoon.

The press conference was arranged to celebrate a new record by ERL, which refined 1.535 million tonnes of crude oil in the recently concluded 2024-25 fiscal year.

ERL Managing Director Md Sharif Hasnat presented the written statement at the event.

Also present were ERL Board Chairman and Additional Secretary to the Ministry of Home Affairs Nasimul Ghani, BPC Director (Operations and Commercial) AKM Azadur Rahman, and BPC Secretary Shahina Sultana.

Speaking about ERL Unit-2, the BPC chairman said the corporation will provide $1.5 million in funding for the project, while the rest will be financed by the government through annual budget allocations.

"Once the funding is secured, we will move forward with the DPP (Development Project Proposal)."

ERL Board Chairman Nasimul Ghani said the preliminary groundwork for the ERL Unit-2 project has already been prepared.

"Construction will begin as soon as the funds are available."

On the new refinery projects, BPC Chairman Amin Ul Ahsan said foreign investment is being sought for the refineries planned in Matarbari and Payra.

The Matarbari refinery is expected to have a production capacity of one million tonnes.

Highlighting the global reluctance to invest in fossil fuels, he said export facilities will be included in the Matarbari refinery plan to attract foreign investors.

"We hope to find interested investors," he added.​
 
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Gas crisis deepens: Industries wait indefinitely for connections
Mohiuddin Dhaka
Updated: 03 Jul 2025, 17: 04

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Photo shows the Bhola gas field File photo

Lantabur Group has invested Tk 7 billion (Tk 700 crore) to establish a yarn factory in Trishal, Mymensingh. The construction was completed six months ago, but the factory remains non-operational due to no gas connection, despite receiving a demand note from the authorities back in November 2022.

Mohammad Salman, managing director of Lantabur Apparels, told Prothom Alo that the factory could employ 1,500 people once operational. “But without gas, we cannot begin production,” he said. Meanwhile, loan repayments have already started.

Lantabur is not just one case. According to Petrobangla and related sources, more than 1,000 industrial gas connection applications are pending with six gas distribution companies, including Titas. Of these, over 400 applicants have completed all procedures and are awaiting “promised connections,” meaning they have already deposited the required funds. Around 600 other factories have submitted applications but have yet to receive any assurance.

These 400-plus applicants include new factories (with promised connections ), expanded ones, and those requesting increased gas load (supply) for production.

The roots of this crisis lie in the 15 and half years of Awami League rule, which ended with the July mass uprising. The previous government prioritised gas imports over domestic exploration. By 2022, dwindling foreign reserves made gas imports difficult, and global prices surged. The Awami League government also left the energy sector steeped in massive debts, which the current interim government is now repaying. Although the new administration is emphasising domestic gas exploration, the crisis remains unresolved. As a result, existing factories are struggling, and new connections are practically frozen, thus crippling industrial operations.

For example, PRAN-RFL Group, one of the country’s largest industrial conglomerates, has established an export-oriented plastic factory in Matiyara, Cumilla. While partially operational, the plant is running well below capacity due to the lack of a captive gas connection.

Pipelines and two generators are ready, but the connection has yet to be provided. PRAN officials say the factory could create at least 5,000 new jobs. They received a demand note from Bakhrabad Gas Company on 23 June 2021, and another from Titas in January 2025 for a packaging factory—yet both remain unconnected.

Ahsan Khan Chowdhury, PRAN-RFL’s Chairman and CEO, said, “We’ve invested billions in these two factories. Now, in the final stage, the connection is being held up.”

Price hikes but no relief

Gas prices rose multiple times under the Awami League government, but the crisis never eased. In January 2023, prices for industrial gas rose by 150–178 per cent, with the promise of uninterrupted supply. On 13 April this year, under the interim government, the Bangladesh Energy Regulatory Commission (BERC) raised prices by another 33 per cent for new connections and load increases.

Meanwhile, since January 2025, all new gas connections have been completely halted. Only “promised connections” are prioritised—these are applicants who have received company board approvals, deposited the required security, and received demand notes by 13 April.

On 16 April, the Energy and Mineral Resources Division issued a directive to categorise all pending applications into three groups: new connections, load increases, and promised connections. On 18 June, a five-member verification committee was formed, led by an additional secretary. The committee is tasked with evaluating applications, prioritising them, assessing factory readiness, and conducting field inspections.

Officials clarify that under company law, the final authority to approve connections lies with the gas companies’ boards, not the ministry. However, the government can issue specific rules or policies if needed. Factories that can begin immediate operations upon receiving gas should be prioritised.

Muhammad Fouzul Kabir Khan, Adviser to the Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources, told Prothom Alo that the ministry will not approve connections directly—it must come from company boards. “There are also allegations of connections being granted in exchange for bribes. That’s why the committee is reviewing justification and prioritisation,” he added.

“Ensure Supply First”

Currently, Bangladesh supplies an average of 2.8–2.9 billion cubic feet of gas per day (mmcfd), while the demand is around 3.8 billion cfd. Industry alone consumes just over 1.2 billion cfd. If all promised connections are granted, demand will rise by at least another 100 mmcfd.

M Shamsul Alam, Energy Adviser to the Consumers Association of Bangladesh (CAB), told Prothom Alo that supply should be ensured before raising prices. “Promising connections just to lure investment is a form of fraud,” he said. He warned that delays and complexities in approvals may lead to corruption, bribery, and discriminatory practices.”

* The report, originally published in the print edition of Prothom Alo, has been rewritten in English by Farjana Liakat​
 
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