[🇧🇩] Artificial Intelligence-----It's challenges and Prospects in Bangladesh

[Saif]

Address the misuse of social media and AI

AI and social media fuelling mis- and disinformation is threatening unity in Bangladesh.

www.thedailystar.net

Address the misuse of social media and AI
We must not let lies on cyberspace disrupt peace and unity

VISUAL: STAR

The United Nations chief's recent comment about social media and artificial intelligence (AI) amplifying hate speech and spreading disinformation rings true in Bangladesh's present context. Only five months ago, social media networks were used to unite people in bringing down Sheikh Hasina's fascist regime. Unfortunately, the same tool, enhanced with AI-generated content, is now being used to create divisions in society.

After the ouster of Sheikh Hasina's fascist regime, many perceive—60 percent, according to a recent survey by Voice of America—that freedom of speech and expression has improved in Bangladesh. Yet, as the lines between expressing an opinion and stating a fact become blurry and murky on social media platforms, people and organisations are being harassed or threatened with mob justice. More concerningly, thanks to social media, the propagation of misinformation and disinformation—as well as taking content out of context and presenting it with ill intention—is quickly spreading across national borders.

It has reached a new level, especially after the fall of Sheikh Hasina. For instance, our neighbouring country's media—given the political ideology they serve—are resorting to social media misinformation to such an extent that their actions are causing a rift in Bangladesh-India relations. More worryingly, it is instilling hatred among many people, threatening social cohesion and unity. Sadly, reiteration of falsehoods, sometimes with the help of AI-generated content on social media, often succeeds in gaining people's trust. In fact, a 2018 study by MIT's Media Lab found that "falsehood diffuses significantly farther, faster, deeper, and more broadly than the truth." Moreover, it is humans who reshare false information more than bots that are made for that purpose.

To counter the spread of misinformation and disinformation on social media, the government must develop ways to address the deepfakes of the cyber world. Countering false narratives and controlling the propagation of disinformation by forces outside the nation may require well-thought-out strategies. The country's media, as well as internationally reputed outlets, can play a role in this fight. At the same time, the government must ensure that press freedom in the country is not threatened. Additionally, the government's messaging in this context should be uniform, and its actions must reflect its words.

Additionally, the authorities should focus on improving social media literacy. Enhancing online intelligence capabilities should also be considered. However, any steps, including creating new policies to control and prevent cybercrimes using information as a weapon, should not come at the cost of people's right to privacy and free speech.​

 

[Saif]

How to use AI efficiently and ethically for studying

Here are some efficient tips for using AI which will not compromise your learning.

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How to use AI efficiently and ethically for studying

Photo: Orchid Chakma

The subject of using artificial intelligence (AI) for studying is a controversial one, to say the least, even though this practice has been going on for quite some time now. The unease surrounding AI usage in one's studies is understandable. However, students often blur the lines between academic integrity and genuine learning when it comes to using AI. Whether it's due to time constraints, multiple assignments piling up, or just procrastination, AI often becomes a 'quick-fix' tool of sorts rather than a tool to help one learn better or faster.

Even so, as much as some teachers would sternly advise us to steer clear of AI when it comes to academic obligations, it cannot be denied that AI can serve as a crucial tool when it comes to learning. Hence, to find a proper balance, here are some efficient tips for using AI which will not compromise your learning.

Personalised learning

Everyone's learning curve is different. While some are content with textual content, others thrive with visuals. With rapid advancements in AI, more and more tools are being unveiled to support and sustain your learning. As a result, no matter what your learning style is, finding the right method will ensure that you are thoroughly understanding the concepts and actually learning instead of using AI as a crutch to get a passing grade.

Summarising content

For writing-heavy tasks requiring you to go through textbooks and documents, AI can come in handy with summaries, especially if it's in a chapter-wise format. That way, you can decipher which bits are relevant to your learning and go back and peruse those sections from your reading materials. This way, you can optimise your time while also getting the actual reading done.

Making study planners

If you are overwhelmed with overlapping academic tasks and have no clue where to begin, asking AI for study planners can be extremely fruitful. Not only will you be provided with detailed timely breakdowns for each task, coupled with well-needed breaks, but also tips on how to stay on track and what to prioritise. This step prevents you from succumbing to the pressure and helps you stay focused.

Asking for feedback

Before AI, whenever you got stuck at a coding problem or weren't exactly pleased with the style of your essay, your only option was to wait around for a teacher to get back with their assistance or feedback. However, with AI's constant availability, you can get instantaneous solutions, whether it's finally understanding how to restructure your writing or knowing what went wrong in your balance sheet. Thus, you can very easily learn where your weaknesses and strengths lie.

Using AI-powered flashcards

Through this method, complex concepts are broken down into simpler fragments to aid your comprehension. As you progress, the difficulty of the flashcards is adjusted. You can also instruct the AI to make flashcards in the form of quizzes or games to better aid your learning. Writing down the content from the flashcards can also serve as a note-taking strategy, enabling you to remember the content better.

It is evident that AI will only evolve with time, and there is no way to ignore its impact. However, as students, we must understand that consistently relying on AI to speed through homework and assignments without truly engaging in the learning process ultimately does more harm than good. Such dependence will only dwindle our creativity, problem-solving skills, and genuine curiosity. Hence, a middle ground is necessary, to ensure that AI only serves as a supplement and not a replacement to actual learning.

Anica Bushra Rahmaan is a student of Economics at BRAC University.​

 

[Saif]

AI comes down from cloud as chips get smarter

Artificial intelligence is moving from data centres to ‘the edge’ as computer makers build the technology into laptops, robots, cars and more devices closer to home.

www.newagebd.net

AI comes down from cloud as chips get smarter
Agence France-Presse . Las Vegas 10 January, 2025, 22:55

Attendees walk past a row of Chinese businesses in Eureka Park at Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas on Wednesday. | AFP photo

Artificial intelligence is moving from data centres to ‘the edge’ as computer makers build the technology into laptops, robots, cars and more devices closer to home.

The Consumer Electronics Show (CES) gadget extravaganza closing Friday was rife with PCs and other devices touting AI chips, making them more capable than ever and untethering them from the cloud.

Attention-grabbing stars included ‘AI PCs,’ personal computers boasting chips that promised a level of performance once limited to muscular data centres.

‘Whatever was running in the cloud last year is running on the edge this year,’ Kamesh Medapalli, senior vice-president of innovation and technology at Infineon Technologies, told AFP.

‘The pattern is already there and will only accelerate; the opportunity is huge on the edge.’

Nvidia chief executive Jensen Huang got a celebrity reception at CES, where he announced a ramped-up line of graphics processing units (GPUs) that imbue PCs with AI capabilities.

Huang told a packed arena that nearly all computer makers are working with Nvidia to get ready ‘so AI PCs are coming to a home near you.’

Huang unveiled ‘Project DIGITS,’ described as a personal AI supercomputer.

It features a new Nvidia ‘superchip’ for prototyping, fine-tuning and running large AI models on desktop computing systems, according to the chip maker.

‘AI will be mainstream in every application for every industry,’ Huang said.

‘Placing an AI supercomputer on the desks of every data scientist, AI researcher and student empowers them to engage and shape the age of AI.’

Project DIGITS signals that Nvidia’s strategy for AI data centres is extending to consumers who want the technology on their own machines, according to University of Pennsylvania computer science professor Benjamin Lee.

Infineon’s Medapalli said a shift to the edge means that functions like engaging with generative AI chatbots that once involved sending requests to be processed in data centres could be handled on a PC or smartphone.

‘You don’t have to have any internet connection; you don’t have to talk to anybody in the cloud,’ Medapalli said.

‘All your data is private and local — that is what I mean by edge AI, and that is rapidly coming.’

The AI edge could be anywhere processors can be embedded, including robots, cameras and cars.

‘That’s why the opportunity is huge in edge AI,’ Medapalli said.

Market tracker Canalys has projected that AI-capable PCs will account for some 40 per cent of overall PC shipments this year, with that number more than doubling by 2028.

‘The wider availability of AI-accelerating silicon in personal computing will be transformative,’ Canalys principal analyst Ishan Dutt said in a post.

‘PCs with dedicated on-device AI capabilities will enable new and improved user experiences, driving productivity gains and personalising devices at scale while offering better power efficiency, stronger security and reduced costs associated with running AI workloads.’

CES goers flocked to a Gigabyte Technology booth at CES to check out PCs enhanced with Nvidia high-performance processors.

‘We’ve had a lot of interest in the graphics card as well as the gaming laptop, because they are the

top from Nvidia right now,’ Mia Qu of Gigabyte told AFP.

‘Especially for gamers or people who plan to us it for large storage or high performance on a daily basis, they’re eyeing these specific products.’

Techsponential analyst Avi Greengart said chip and laptop vendors at CES are seeing AI capabilities resonate with people who want to speed up workflow, extend battery life and enhance video calls.

‘We are actually seeing AI making a difference in real things people actually do,’ Greengart said.​

 

[Krishna with Flute]

AI is a double edged sword. Strict regulations are required to deal with possible nuisance coming along with the development of AI. There is going to be a big competition between big countries to take a lead in AI. Bangladesh should ensure that they are not left behind to far from where it becomes impossible to ketchup They should start investing in AI right from this point of time

 

[Saif]

Navigating the AI revolution: Opportunities and challenges in Bangladesh

What remains to be seen is whether or not we can make full use of its potential.

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Navigating the AI revolution: Opportunities and challenges in Bangladesh

Illustration: Salman Sakib Shahryar

The age of artificial intelligence (AI) is upon us, and it has brought huge changes in the 21st century, transforming not only industries and economies but also everyday life. Naturally, Bangladesh is also joining this AI wave, with organisations here gradually using AI to improve services and boost economic growth.

However, as businesses and organisations across the country start embracing this technology, what remains to be seen is whether or not we can make full use of its potential, and what roadblocks we might have to deal with along the way.

Mashrur Ahmed, a business development executive at Unilever Bangladesh Limited, highlighted how AI is transforming the company.

"AI helps us grow faster and work more efficiently," he said, citing partnerships with Microsoft and Accenture to develop tools like 'Una', an AI co-pilot that helps with quick decision-making. The AI is capable of answering questions by fetching data from the company's database.

AI also supports employee development at Unilever through 'Degreed', a customised learning platform like Coursera that hosts an array of courses developed in-house. By utilising AI, Degreed recommends courses tailored to individual roles and career paths. Additionally, Unilever's AI-powered social network, 'Viva Engage', makes cross-departmental communication smoother and more engaging.

Artificial intelligence is also making significant strides in the financial sector. Akhyar Noor, CEO and Founder of Buckyy Payment Solutions Limited (BPSL), a research-based fintech solution company headquartered in Bangladesh, highlighted a concerning statistic. As of March 2024, the total disbursed loans reached BDT 16,40,855 crore, with BDT 1,82,295 crore classified as defaulted – the highest in the history of Bangladesh. This equates to an alarming 11.10 percent of disbursed loans being in default.

One of the main reasons behind this significant number of defaulted loans is that debt was granted to several individuals with no means to repay. Akhyar said, "At Buckyy, we have developed a credit scoring engine – Rini AI – using machine learning techniques, trained using the historical financial data of our partner banks. Rini AI can assess the creditworthiness of borrowers more accurately and efficiently compared to manual evaluations. Based on the evaluations, Rini AI sets a credit limit for each borrower that they can comfortably repay with their streams of income."

Regardless of the efficiency AI can offer, workplaces across the globe are still struggling, to some extent, to integrate AI into their regular operations. S K Md Anik Hassan Rabby, a lecturer at the Department of Management Studies, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), said, "Today's workplace is more diverse than ever before. Gen Z has already entered the workforce, meaning there are currently different generations coexisting in workplaces."

Anik further explained, "Many older adults lack the necessary digital skills and confidence to use technology effectively. For instance, a survey of 17 European countries revealed that 52 percent of individuals aged 65 and older do not use the internet. The scenario in Bangladesh is even more concerning. Under such circumstances, the mass implementation of AI could create a digital divide among generations and fuel age-based discrimination in workplaces. Sadly, a digital skills gap is evident even among the youth, with 84 percent of young people in Bangladesh lacking the basic digital skills required to use AI effectively."

Anik, therefore, suggests integrating AI gradually into operations and educational curricula, rather than hastily automating everything, to ensure its effective and efficient use.

Another reason behind the resistance to AI adoption is that many people fear that the rapid integration of AI in the workplace will lead to a widespread job crisis. This concern emerged due to existing machine learning systems' improved ability to emulate human labour across many industries.

However, The World Economic Forum predicts that while Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies driven by AI will significantly alter the world and hence, our work and lifestyles, mass unemployment may not be the inevitable outcome. Regardless, AI is already contributing to a job crisis for creative professionals in Bangladesh.

For SEO writers and graphic designers, AI tools are increasingly taking over tasks like content creation and design. This change not only threatens their jobs but also reduces the demand for creative professionals in the job market.

Musharrat Abir, an SEO writer at 10 Minute School, shared, "I started my content writing journey back in 2017, right when Bangladesh saw a boom in online news portals and Facebook e-commerce sites. There was a huge demand for content writers back then, with more vacancies than generic writers, which made it easier to get started. Fast forward to 2024, and with the widespread use of AI, many small businesses now rely on tools like ChatGPT to handle their content needs."

This shift, Musharrat explained, has made it harder for newcomers in the content writing sector to establish themselves as reputable organisations tend to favour candidates with experience and diverse portfolios. New entrants are hired less frequently. This, in turn, makes it difficult for them to build the profiles that recruiters seek in the first place.

Musharrat further noted that demand for SEO writers is declining overall, as people are increasingly turning to AI tools for more customised answers instead of reading entire articles. As a result, the reach of blogs is decreasing and the popularity of content writing as a profitable side hustle is gradually fading.

Mujahidul Islam, a freelance graphic designer, shares his thoughts regarding the use of AI in creative fields, "The threat of AI tools is not new in the visual design field. During the early days of my career, it was much easier to rank gigs on Fiverr – an online marketplace for freelance services. Clients would hire graphic designers to remove backgrounds from pictures for USD 5 or USD 10. However, in 2019, an AI tool called remove.bg took the graphic design industry by storm, allowing people to remove backgrounds from their pictures with just one click. This led many entry-level graphic designers to lose their jobs."

Mujahidul also said, "I used to create YouTube intro and outro videos for clients on Fiverr and sold my templates on sites like VideoHive. Today, my intervention is rarely needed, as AI tools can easily accomplish tasks that took me years to master and refine."

"Societies faced a similar job crisis after the Industrial Revolution," said Mashrur. "AI should not be seen as a threat, but rather as a tool that increases efficiency."

Adding to this, Mujahidul said, "We cannot deny the benefits that AI brings to the table just because it is predicted to cause a massive job crisis. Therefore, it is essential to upskill oneself to remain relevant in the job market."

Mujahidul went on to explain that rather than viewing AI as a threat, designers can focus on developing their unique style and creativity – areas where AI still falls short.

"Specialising in user experience (UX) and user interface (UI) design is another way to stay relevant, as these fields require human empathy and an understanding of user behaviour," Mujahidul noted.

Adding to the conversation, Musharrat said, "There is a reason why it is called 'artificial' intelligence as it can rarely capture the essence of personal writing styles and voices that truly resonate with readers. This is why SEO writers need to sharpen their writing skills to stay relevant in today's job market."

The use of AI has raised significant ethical concerns as more organisations in Bangladesh particularly turn to AI for their content and advertising needs. Mujahidul noted, "One such ethical issue with AI is that it often builds on existing artwork rather than creating something truly original. For example, if I enter a prompt into Midjourney AI – an AI image generator – it generates an image based on previously created art."

Mujahidul added that this process often means that real artists and graphic designers rarely receive the credit or recognition that they deserve.

"If you have travelled by metro, you may have noticed an AI-generated picture of a woman encouraging you to read a book during your journey," Mujahidul pointed out. "This advertisement, likely created by a single person using an AI tool, would previously have required models, photographers, and graphic designers to bring it to life."

Mujahidul explained that not only are these professionals facing job shortages, but the original artists whose work was used to train the data that generated the image are also deprived of royalties. "It is concerning," he concluded. "More and more organisations in Bangladesh are turning to AI for creating marketing materials, which raises several ethical concerns."

In regard to these ethical concerns, Raiyaan Ehab Shams, a growth marketer, remarked, "We are still in the novice stages of AI implementation. However, in the coming days, it will be essential for companies to develop specific policies regarding the use of AI to ensure that no one is exploited, and credit is given where it is due. For now, the least companies could do is properly disclose when they have used AI to generate images and graphics, as a step toward addressing these ethical concerns."

Relying solely on AI to generate marketing campaigns and advertisements may also not benefit organisations in the long run. Raiyaan explained, "Since AI cannot create anything truly original, if everyone relies on it, they will all end up with similar marketing strategies and materials, making it difficult for any organisation to gain a competitive edge. At the end of the day, human intervention is essential to thrive in this cutthroat competitive market."

Tazrin is a Finance and Banking student at Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP).​

 

[Saif]

Govt service delivery: Task force for using AI, social media

A task force formed by the planning ministry is going to recommend the formation of an independent centre for delivering government services via social media and utilising artificial intelligence (AI).

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Govt service delivery: Task force for using AI, social media

A task force formed by the planning ministry is going to recommend the formation of an independent centre for delivering government services via social media and utilising artificial intelligence (AI).

Such proposals came against the context that influence of both social media and artificial intelligence has been on the rise in Bangladesh alongside other parts of the globe.

The 12-member task force, led by KAS Murshid, former director general of the Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies, has finalised a draft report.

The nearly 600-page report will be submitted to Planning and Education Adviser Wahiduddin Mahmud in a couple of days, said ministry officials.

The ministry formed the task force in September last year to develop strategies to boost the economy and mobilise resources for equitable and sustainable development.

The draft report provides strategic recommendations for addressing pressing challenges and facilitating equitable and sustainable development in Bangladesh under the interim government led by Prof Muhammad Yunus.

It emphasises short-term pragmatic interventions and long-term reforms across sectors, addressing economic growth, governance, public service delivery, and environmental sustainability.

The draft report says the name of the centre will be the Centre for Social and Behavioural Change Communication and Research (CSBCC&R).

It added that the establishment of the independent centre is essential to addressing the fragmented nature of current efforts in this critical area.

Currently, various departments handle communication initiatives without a cohesive strategy, leading to inefficiencies, and missed opportunities.

The CSBCC&R would centralise these efforts, providing a structured platform for both traditional media and digital communication strategies.

By merging traditional methods such as community workshops and meetings with contemporary digital campaigns utilising social media and online platforms, the CSBCC&R would create a unified and impactful communication strategy to drive social change, attitudes, norms, and practices.

Regarding AI utilisation, the draft report says a major strategic emphasis is required within key sectors such as education, health, agriculture, and public institutions to facilitate the widespread adoption of digital and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies.

For instance, employing satellite sensing technology can enable effective crop early-warning systems to improve agricultural practices, while distance education can ensure that learning continues uninterrupted regardless of geographical barriers.

"By integrating these advanced technologies, we can enhance quality, efficiency and access across multiple sectors, ultimately improving outcomes for the entire population," said the report.

Moreover, the report says utilising digital and AI technologies effectively would help bridge the existing digital divide.

This involves reducing data costs, increasing access to affordable smartphones -- implemented with appropriate safeguards for age-specific content -- and fostering the growth of a robust domestic software and hardware ICT industry.

"By promoting widespread digital access, we can empower citizens, enhance digital literacy, and stimulate innovation within the ICT sector," the report mentions.

The task force also recommended introducing an automatic traffic signalling system for streamlining the urban transport system.

Such a system is a fundamental requirement for any major city worldwide; yet attempts to implement the system in Dhaka have faced challenges, often collapsing due to resistance from vested interests, it said.

This initiative should be regarded as a "low-hanging fruit" because it is both actionable and capable of yielding immediate benefits.

Besides, it said the current model of public transport in Dhaka, characterised by multiple ownership of bus services, has led to significant confusion and chaos on the roads, directly impacting public safety and convenience.

A transition to a single-owner bus service franchise that unites all the fragmented owners into one provider has been recommended as a solution to end urban bus transport chaos.

This should be marked by a move to put drivers on a fixed salary rather than on a commission.

Key focus areas of the report include pilot projects to demonstrate reform potential, initiatives in infrastructure, education, health, and governance, leveraging digital technology, and fostering youth engagement.

It critiques past governance and economic mismanagement while proposing a human-centered development strategy.

The draft report has suggested for public hospital reform in Dhaka with real-time monitoring and user feedback, rural school and clinic reform tailored to address rural challenges, and revitalisation of the Buriganga river as a symbolic and urgent environmental project.

Besides, for institutional reforms, it said creation of new bodies like the Regulatory Reform Commission, and Centre for Global Excellence in STEM education.

Moreover, it recommended for strategic overhaul of Bangladesh Biman, including potential renaming as "Bangladesh Airways" as well as restructuring or replacement.​

 

[Saif]

Tapping into AI potentials to ensure better educational outcomes

While it stands true that AI has revolutionized education, we also need to look into the challenges that it presents to students’ well-being.

en.prothomalo.com

Tapping into AI potentials to ensure better educational outcomes
Dhiraj S Dabi
Published: 24 Jan 2025, 15: 51

It goes without saying that AI is a double-edged sword, having its share of both positive and negative impacts. Just like any other technological innovation, AI, on the one hand, can be so disruptive that it could bring about instrumental changes in all spheres of life; on the other hand, it could also lead to devastating impacts on human lives. Especially, as far education sector is concerned, whether to integrate AI or not seems to be the big question. Realizing its significance, the theme for the International Day of Education 2025 has been decided as ‘AI and Education: Preserving Human Agency in the World of Automation’.

It is important to remember that although AI is already a powerful tool in the world, its potential capabilities are even greater, meaning it could shape education and change the way teachers around the world impart knowledge. However, society has an obligation to stop and see if we are indeed leveraging AI correctly.

There is little doubt that AI can be a great asset in the classroom. It makes education easier and helps especially those with special needs with a much more personalized experience. Because of the advancements in AI, educators can ensure nobody is left behind, and learners have more equitable access to education. Additionally, with the help of AI for administrative tasks, teachers are able to spend more time doing what they love most, which is guiding students and, engaging with them in deeper conversations. In a country like Bangladesh where access to quality education can be limited in many places and with millions of students at school age, AI can be a great tool for bridging the gap.

While it stands true that AI has revolutionized education, we also need to look into the challenges that it presents to students’ well-being. Complete dependence on AI can be very harmful for students as it can ruin their creativity. While it must be easy and time-saving to use AI for every small question we have, we cannot forget that the real beauty of being a human lies in our ability to critically think and express ourselves.

Social isolation is another issue that arises with the use of AI. There was a time when students felt the need to spend hours with their teachers, friends and peers for learning and discussions. However, with the increased use of AI, students are now more and more reliant on ChatGPT for answering all their questions. This lack of interpersonal communication can lead to social isolation, lack of emotional and social intelligence in students – which are all very important aspects of education as well.

Students are busy with robotic prototypes Courtesy

Now more than ever, student wellbeing is paramount, and with technology like Artificial Intelligence taking such great leaps, it could turn into a concern any time soon. Children must receive an education that enables them to be self-reflective and emotional as well as creative thinkers. This means AI must be adopted in a deliberate way and with a comprehensive strategy.

Everyone from parents to educators and other concerned parties must come up with an effective plan to integrate technology into the classroom while also addressing the problems that are bound to come with the use of AI. Primary and secondary schools and universities are now changing their curriculum to incorporate more project-based methods of teaching, which are enhanced with the use of technology but without compromising the creative and emotional skills children possess. Students must also learn about the ethical side and the restraints that AI has. But most importantly, the AI tools that educational institutions will utilize must offer the students a guaranteed improvement in their mental health, physical health, inclusivity, and moral standards.

Many schools around the world nowadays are already rejecting the archaic methods of teaching and focusing on more modern ways. Of late, many countries including China, Korea, India and the United Arab Emirates, have taken steps to integrate elements of AI into the curriculum. Some countries like Singapore are also setting up research centres in collaboration with higher education institutions to enhance quality. Even in Bangladesh, many schools are trying to adopt AI for better learning outcomes. For example, AI has become a part of everyone’s life at Glenrich International School as they have been slowly trying to teach their students how to use AI in the right way effectively. More educational institutions need to focus on developing digital and AI literacy.

On this International Day of Education, let’s focus on the challenges of incorporating AI into the education system. Let’s ponder how educators can leverage the power of AI to make sure that learners blush and bloom in the highly competitive world.

Dhiraj S Dabi is Head of Department - AI and Robotics, Glenrich International School Satarkul, Dhaka​

 

[Saif]

What is the hype around DeepSeek?

In the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence (AI), a new player has emerged, shaking up the industry and unsettling the balance of power in global tech. DeepSeek, a Chinese AI startup, is generating considerable buzz for its cost-effective innovation and potential to rival leading...

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What is the hype around DeepSeek?

DeepSeek - AI Assistant in Google Play Store. Image: Tech & Startup Desk.

In the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence (AI), a new player has emerged, shaking up the industry and unsettling the balance of power in global tech. DeepSeek, a Chinese AI startup, is generating considerable buzz for its cost-effective innovation and potential to rival leading Western companies like OpenAI and Anthropic. However, its rise is not without controversy, raising questions about the ethics and economic repercussions of its approach.

What is DeepSeek?

Founded in 2023, DeepSeek is a startup from Hangzhou founded by an engineering graduate Liang Wenfeng. After the launch of OpenAI's ChatGPT, many Chinese firms tried to create their own AI powered chatbots but ultimately failed to meet user expectations. However, the appreciation around DeepSeek is different. The company recently received wide recognition in the US tech industry for creating an advanced AI model with the 'DeepSeek - AI assistant' app reaching the top charts in US Apple app store and Google Play store.

DeepSeek has positioned itself as a formidable competitor in the AI race, particularly with the recent launch of its R1 and V3 models. According to a recent report by The Verge, the company claims to have developed its open source V3 LLM model with a budget of less than $6 million and just 2,000 Nvidia chips—a fraction of the resources utilised by western counterparts like OpenAI which reportedly used over 16,000 chips. OpenAI CEO Sam Altman claimed that the development for GPT-4 cost over $100 million.

According to a post on DeepSeek's official WeChat account, with the launch of its R1 model, DeepSeek is 20 to 50 times cheaper to use than OpenAI o1 model, depending on the task.

A threat to western dominance

DeepSeek's rapid progress has sparked alarm among Western tech giants and investors alike. Its ability to achieve results with limited resources challenges the prevailing notion that success in AI development is solely a function of capital and computational power. This has prompted a reevaluation of investment strategies across the industry, with other tech giants scrambling to adjust.

Nvidia, the chip manufacturer, had its shares plunging by more than 13 percent. Moreover, Dutch chipmaker ASML also fell more than 10 percent, AI investor SoftBank fell more than 8%, while Tokyo Electron slipped 4.9% according to a recent report by Business Insider.

The pan-European Stoxx 600 declined on 27 January, with technology stocks experiencing a sharp drop of 4.5%. Notably, Germany's Siemens Energy—an AI infrastructure hardware provider—plunged nearly 20%, and France's digital automation firm Schneider Electric saw a 9% decrease. These losses mirrored declines in Asian markets, where Japanese chipmakers Disco and Advantest, a supplier to Nvidia, fell by 1.8% and 8.6%, respectively. Meanwhile, in the US, Nasdaq 100 futures dropped 2.6%, and S&P 500 futures slid 1.4% according to a recent report by The Guardian.

While the technology behind DeepSeek's models is being celebrated, its success has geopolitical implications. It represents not only a technological shift but also a broader challenge to western dominance in AI research and development. The prospect of China gaining a significant foothold in this domain has further fuelled tensions in the ongoing tech rivalry between the US and China.

In a recent update, DeepSeek announced on 27 January that it would temporarily restrict new registrations due to "large-scale malicious attacks" on its software.

DeepSeek's rise also coincides with the US imposing restrictions on the sale of advanced chip technology essential for powering AI to China. To keep progressing without a steady flow of imported chips, Chinese AI developers have been sharing their research and testing alternative approaches. This collaboration has led to the creation of AI models that consume significantly less computing power. As a result, these models are now far more affordable than previously anticipated, potentially disrupting the entire industry.

The rise of DeepSeek marks a pivotal moment in the AI industry. Its disruptive approach has already reshaped the narrative around AI development, proving that innovation is not solely the domain of well-funded tech behemoths. As the company continues to expand, the world will be watching closely to see how it navigates the complex intersection of technology, ethics, and geopolitics.​

 

[Saif]

DeepSeek hit by outages as users flock to Chinese AI startup

The company resolved issues relating to its application programming interface and users' inability to log in to the website, according to its status page

www.thedailystar.net

DeepSeek hit by outages as users flock to Chinese AI startup

Chinese startup DeepSeek was on Monday hit by outages on its website after its AI assistant became the top-rated free application available on Apple's App Store in the United States.

The company resolved issues relating to its application programming interface and users' inability to log in to the website, according to its status page. The outages on Monday were the company's longest in around 90 days and coincides with its sky-rocketing popularity.

Powered by the DeepSeek-V3 model, which its creators say "tops the leaderboard among open-source models and rivals the most advanced closed-source models globally", the artificial intelligence application has surged in popularity among US users since it was released on Jan. 10, according to app data research firm Sensor Tower.

The milestone highlights how DeepSeek has left a deep impression on Silicon Valley, upending widely held views about US primacy in AI and the effectiveness of Washington's export controls targeting China's advanced chip and AI capabilities.

AI models from ChatGPT to DeepSeek require advanced chips to power their training. The Biden administration has since 2021 widened the scope of bans designed to stop these chips from being exported to China and used to train Chinese firms' AI models.

However, DeepSeek researchers wrote in a paper last month that the DeepSeek-V3 used Nvidia's H800 chips for training, spending less than $6 million.

Although this detail has since been disputed, the claim that the chips used were less powerful than the most advanced Nvidia products Washington has sought to keep out of China, as well as the relatively cheap training costs, has prompted US tech executives to question the effectiveness of tech export controls.

What we strive to do is to show to the world that flying V is a viable alternative to the Cuban wing airplane that we're flying with now and it can be as safe but much more energy efficient.

Little is known about the company behind DeepSeek, a small Hangzhou-based startup founded in 2023, when search engine giant Baidu released the first Chinese AI large-language model.

Since then, dozens of Chinese tech companies large and small have released their own AI models, but DeepSeek is the first to be praised by the US tech industry as matching or even surpassing the performance of cutting-edge US models.​

 

[Saif]

Utilising AI in Bangladesh’s RMG sector

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers immense potential to transform Bangladesh’s ready-made garment (RMG) sector

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Utilising AI in Bangladesh’s RMG sector

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers immense potential to transform Bangladesh's ready-made garment (RMG) sector, enabling enhanced productivity, improved quality, and sustainable practices, while simultaneously addressing inefficiencies, streamlining processes, and increasing competitiveness. AI-powered systems can revolutionise the production process by enabling real-time monitoring and optimising factory operations. Machines equipped with AI can predict potential failures in equipment, cutting costly downtime and ensuring uninterrupted production. Additionally, AI-driven robotics can assist in repetitive tasks such as fabric-cutting, stitching, and packaging, reducing the time and cost associated with human labour. Human errors will also be minimised leading to the overall improvement of product quality.

Besides, AI technologies, such as image recognition systems, can inspect RMG products with precision, detecting flaws in stitching, colour or patterns. By ensuring that only high quality products reach international buyers, these systems can help safeguard Bangladesh's reputation as a reliable supplier. This technological edge can play a pivotal role in retaining the existing customer base and attracting new ones in an increasingly quality-conscious market.

AI-powered analytics can also provide real-time insights into supply chain dynamics, allowing manufacturers to predict disruptions and make data-driven decisions. For instance, if a delay in raw material shipments is anticipated, AI tools can recommend alternative suppliers, ensuring that production schedules remain intact. By forecasting demand more accurately, manufacturers can also avoid overproduction and manage inventory efficiently, reducing waste and aligning with just-in-time manufacturing principles.

Furthermore, AI can contribute to sustainable practices by optimising resource usage, such as calculating fabric layouts to minimise waste or monitoring energy and water consumption in factories. These measures will reduce environmental impact and also appeal to global buyers, who are increasingly seeking eco-friendly products.

In addition to streamlining operations, AI has the potential to transform customer engagement. By analysing consumer behaviour, AI tools can identify trends and preferences, enabling manufacturers to design products tailored to market demands. AI-powered online platforms can enhance the shopping experience, offering personalised recommendations and improving customer satisfaction. These innovations can help Bangladeshi manufacturers establish stronger connections with international buyers and boost sales.

Worker safety and productivity are other areas where AI could bring about meaningful change. AI-driven sensors can monitor factory conditions, detecting hazards such as gas leaks or structural vulnerabilities and ensuring swift action to prevent accidents. Wearable AI devices can track worker health and performance, providing data to improve workplace safety and efficiency, as well as protecting workers and creating a more productive and motivated workforce.

Using AI technologies, manufacturers can make Bangladeshi garment products more competitive in global markets and attract foreign investment, as international brands increasingly prioritise partnerships with technologically advanced suppliers. However, the road to AI integration is not without challenges. One of the most significant concerns is the potential for job displacement, particularly among low-skilled workers who form the backbone of the industry. Automation of repetitive tasks could lead to reduced demand for manual labour, raising fears about unemployment in a sector that provides livelihoods to millions. Addressing this issue requires a proactive approach, including the implementation of reskilling programmes to prepare workers for technology-driven roles. By equipping the workforce with new skills, the industry can create opportunities for employment in areas such as data analysis, programming, and machine maintenance.

Another challenge is the high cost of adopting AI technologies, which includes expenses for equipment, software, and training. For smaller manufacturers, these upfront investments may seem prohibitive. Government support in the form of subsidies, tax breaks, and low-interest loans could play a crucial role in making AI adoption more accessible. Policymakers must also establish a regulatory framework to encourage research and development in AI applications tailored to the needs of the RMG sector. However, while using AI technologies, manufacturers must ensure that robust safeguards are in place to protect sensitive information, both within their operations and in customer interactions. Building trust in the technology is essential for its widespread adoption.

Resistance to change is another hurdle that must be overcome. Many stakeholders in the RMG sector may be unfamiliar with AI or sceptical of its benefits. Demonstrating the tangible advantages of AI through pilot projects and success stories can help build confidence and encourage broader adoption.

The path forward requires a collaborative effort between the government, industry stakeholders, and technology providers. Policymakers must create an enabling environment through supportive policies and incentives, while manufacturers need to invest in upskilling their workforce and exploring partnerships with technology firms. A phased approach to AI integration, starting with pilot projects and gradual scale-up, can help mitigate risks and ensure a smooth transition.

Mostafiz Uddin is the managing director of Denim Expert Limited. He is also the founder and CEO of Bangladesh Denim Expo and Bangladesh Apparel Exchange (BAE).​

 

[Saif]

AI strategy for Bangladesh

ARGUABLY, all socio-economic development has been driven by Intellectual Property and Operating System. When IP touches masses it morphs into OS in a transformative way — OS changes and touches lives on a global scale. OS opens the door for many new IP and fosters innovations and creativity for...

www.newagebd.net

AI strategy for Bangladesh
Shah Yunus and Habib Siddiqui 28 January, 2025, 00:00

ARGUABLY, all socio-economic development has been driven by Intellectual Property and Operating System. When IP touches masses it morphs into OS in a transformative way — OS changes and touches lives on a global scale. OS opens the door for many new IP and fosters innovations and creativity for the masses, improving quality of life and creating assets.

The earliest of IP and related OS emerged from ‘stone tools,’ ‘creating and managing fire,’ ‘creation of language,’ ‘mastering various metals,’ ‘organised agriculture,’ ‘domesticated animals,’ and the lists continue. These early IPs and transcendental OS shaped early humanity and created the foundation of the modern world. Those early human successes helped bring about the key world-changing transcendental IP and OS as Industry 1.0 (steam engine), Industry 2.0 (electricity), Industry 3.0 (transistor, microelectronics), Industry 4.0 (digital/network), and now Industry 5.0 (AI/cognitive).

Each of those revolutions began with proprietary innovations that spread through standardisation and became essential infrastructure, transforming into societal OSs and creating winners and losers, highlighting the technological and economic inequalities resulting in a multi-tier world.

Now the idea about the emergence of AI (artificial intelligence) dominating the world is to leverage it fully to bridge the gaps between the negative pathologies of the present-day multi-tier world. Here are some of the key benefits that we must master and leverage wholeheartedly to gain a leading seat in the future world:

Benefits of AI in Bangladesh

AS PART of task automation, AI can automate routine tasks, reducing the need for human intervention and increasing efficiency. AI algorithms can optimise business processes, supply chains, and logistics, saving time and resources.

AI can process and analyse large volumes of data quickly, providing insights that would be impossible for humans to discern manually. AI supports better decision-making by providing accurate predictions and data-driven recommendations.

AI can assist in diagnosing diseases more accurately and rapidly than traditional methods. AI enables the development of personalised treatment plans based on individual patient data.

AI can increase productivity in various industries, leading to economic growth. While AI may automate some jobs, it also creates new job opportunities in tech and other sectors.

AI can personalise user experiences in services such as e-commerce, entertainment, and education. AI-powered chatbots and virtual assistants provide 24/7 customer service, improving customer satisfaction.

AI can enhance security through advanced surveillance systems capable of detecting anomalies. AI algorithms can detect and respond to cyber threats more efficiently than traditional methods.

AI can accelerate research in fields like pharmaceuticals, material science, and environmental science. AI fosters innovation by enabling the rapid prototyping and testing of new ideas. AI can tailor educational content to individual learning styles and pace, improving outcomes. AI-powered tools can help people develop new skills and adapt to changing job markets.

AI can optimise the use of natural resources and reduce waste. AI can model and predict climate change impacts, aiding in mitigation and adaptation strategies.

AI provides assistive technologies for people with disabilities, enhancing their independence and quality of life. AI-powered translation services break down language barriers, facilitating global communication.

AI is key to developing self-driving cars, which could reduce accidents and improve traffic flow. AI enables the creation of smart cities with efficient public transportation, energy use, and waste management.

AI can generate music, art, and literature, offering new forms of creative expression. AI curates personalised content for users based on their preferences and habits.

AI helps in precision agriculture, optimising crop yields and reducing environmental impact. AI improves the food supply chain, from production to distribution, enhancing food security.

AI powers social media algorithms that connect people with similar interests across the globe. AI enhances online shopping experiences with recommendation systems and predictive search.

In summary, Industry 5.0 and associated AI have the potential to bring about significant improvements in every aspect of our lives, and we must devote every resource to make it our own winning strategy.

Bangladesh has largely missed the benefits of the first four industrial revolutions, and we must not miss the Industry 5.0 boat.

Need for an AI institute

A DEDICATED Bangladesh AI Institute to spearhead the development and application of AI technologies across various sectors is a must. The government must ensure that every action and decision in Bangladesh is informed and improved by data and intelligence. Scope to apply AI and data-driven approaches across all sectors, including private and public, for-profit and non-profit, healthcare, finance, administration, education, infrastructure, and more, should be created. The government should consider investing in education to develop AI literacy and skills among the population, starting from early education through to higher learning and professional development. A robust digital infrastructure to support AI technologies, including mobile networks, data centres, and cloud services, should also be considered. To utilise AI in healthcare for better diagnostics, telemedicine, and predictive analytics to improve health outcomes, the health sector stakeholders must revisit existing policies. It is important to foster an AI startup ecosystem and support AI applications in agriculture, manufacturing, and other economic sectors to drive growth. For environmental management, deploying AI could help facilitate efficient resource management, environmental monitoring, and energy optimisation. The government should explore developing AI-driven defence capabilities and cybersecurity measures to protect national interests and infrastructure.

These prescriptions are aimed at enabling Bangladesh to catch up with and potentially lead in the global transition to Industry 5.0, leveraging AI and cognitive technologies to drive development and reduce the technological gap with more advanced economies.

Dr Shah Yunus has been a software architect and computational science expert for over 40 years; and Dr Habib Siddiqui is a peace and human rights activist who lives in the United States.​

 

[Saif]

What is DeepSeek, and why is Nvidia losing billions because of it?

In the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence (AI), a new player has emerged, shaking up the industry and unsettling the balance of power in global tech. DeepSeek, a Chinese AI startup, is generating considerable buzz for its cost-effective innovation and potential to rival leading...

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What is DeepSeek, and why is Nvidia losing billions because of it?

DeepSeek - AI Assistant in Google Play Store. Image: Md. Zahidur Rabbi.

In the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence (AI), a new player has emerged, shaking up the industry and unsettling the balance of power in global tech. DeepSeek, a Chinese AI startup, is generating considerable buzz for its cost-effective innovation and potential to rival leading Western companies like OpenAI and Anthropic. It has also been the leading cause behind Nvidia's monumental market cap plunge on January 27 - with the leading AI chip company losing 17% of its market share, equating to $589 billion in market cap drop, making it the largest single-day loss in US stock market history.

However, despite being an overnight success, DeepSeek's rise is not without controversy, raising questions about the ethics and economic repercussions of its approach. Let's take a look at what this Chinese AI startup is and what the hype around it is all about.

What is DeepSeek?

Founded in 2023, DeepSeek is a startup from Hangzhou founded by an engineering graduate Liang Wenfeng. After the launch of OpenAI's ChatGPT, many Chinese firms tried to create their own AI powered chatbots but ultimately failed to meet user expectations. However, the appreciation around DeepSeek is different. The company recently received wide recognition in the US tech industry for creating an advanced AI model with the 'DeepSeek - AI assistant' app reaching the top charts in US Apple app store and Google Play store.

DeepSeek has positioned itself as a formidable competitor in the AI race, particularly with the recent launch of its R1 and V3 models. According to a recent report by The Verge, the company claims to have developed its open source V3 LLM model with a budget of less than $6 million and just 2,000 Nvidia chips—a fraction of the resources utilised by western counterparts like OpenAI which reportedly used over 16,000 chips. OpenAI CEO Sam Altman claimed that the development for GPT-4 cost over $100 million.

According to a post on DeepSeek's official WeChat account, with the launch of its R1 model, DeepSeek is 20 to 50 times cheaper to use than OpenAI o1 model, depending on the task.

A threat to western dominance

DeepSeek's rapid progress has sparked alarm among Western tech giants and investors alike. Its ability to achieve results with limited resources challenges the prevailing notion that success in AI development is solely a function of capital and computational power. This has prompted a reevaluation of investment strategies across the industry, with other tech giants scrambling to adjust.

Nvidia, the chip manufacturer, had its shares plunging by more than 13 percent. Moreover, Dutch chipmaker ASML also fell more than 10 percent, AI investor SoftBank fell more than 8%, while Tokyo Electron slipped 4.9% according to a recent report by Business Insider.

The pan-European Stoxx 600 declined on 27 January, with technology stocks experiencing a sharp drop of 4.5%. Notably, Germany's Siemens Energy—an AI infrastructure hardware provider—plunged nearly 20%, and France's digital automation firm Schneider Electric saw a 9% decrease. These losses mirrored declines in Asian markets, where Japanese chipmakers Disco and Advantest, a supplier to Nvidia, fell by 1.8% and 8.6%, respectively. Meanwhile, in the US, Nasdaq 100 futures dropped 2.6%, and S&P 500 futures slid 1.4% according to a recent report by The Guardian.

While the technology behind DeepSeek's models is being celebrated, its success has geopolitical implications. It represents not only a technological shift but also a broader challenge to western dominance in AI research and development. The prospect of China gaining a significant foothold in this domain has further fuelled tensions in the ongoing tech rivalry between the US and China.

In a recent update, DeepSeek announced on 27 January that it would temporarily restrict new registrations due to "large-scale malicious attacks" on its software.

DeepSeek's rise also coincides with the US imposing restrictions on the sale of advanced chip technology essential for powering AI to China. To keep progressing without a steady flow of imported chips, Chinese AI developers have been sharing their research and testing alternative approaches. This collaboration has led to the creation of AI models that consume significantly less computing power. As a result, these models are now far more affordable than previously anticipated, potentially disrupting the entire industry.

The rise of DeepSeek marks a pivotal moment in the AI industry. Its disruptive approach has already reshaped the narrative around AI development, proving that innovation is not solely the domain of well-funded tech behemoths. As the company continues to expand, the world will be watching closely to see how it navigates the complex intersection of technology, ethics, and geopolitics.​

 

[Saif]

The DeepSeek Shockwave: Is the global AI capital steadily shifting to China?

Beijing’s mastery of AI-powered robotics, machine learning, and deep learning technologies have been demonstrated through several successful missions.

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The DeepSeek Shockwave: Is the global AI capital steadily shifting to China?
Battle for AI supremacy heats up

DeepSeek's stunning cost efficiency starkly contrasts the exorbitant expenditures typically associated with US tech giants. FILE PHOTO: REUTERS

In one of the most dramatic shifts in the tech industry, the recent release of DeepSeek's R1, an open-source artificial intelligence (AI) reasoning model, sent shockwaves through the US tech giants, wiping more than $1 trillion off the markets. Stalwarts like Nvidia witnessed stock drops by as much as $500 billion (17 percent). The DeepSeek model, originating from a small Hangzhou-based startup, was developed at a fraction of the cost incurred by its US counterparts like OpenAI. This event signifies China's growing prowess in AI, challenging Western tech giants' long-standing dominance.

Despite stringent US export restrictions on advanced technologies, Chinese inventors showed tenacity and resilience in the burgeoning AI landscape. Companies like Huawei and YMTC underscore China's progress towards creating faster and more efficient chips. This steady climb emphasises how they circumvent Washington's restrictions by fostering high domestic productivity and innovation. The critical question is: are US export restrictions futile, merely strengthening Beijing's resolve to upend US tech dominance, similar to the development of its global satellite navigation system BeiDou?

DeepSeek's stunning cost efficiency starkly contrasts the exorbitant expenditures typically associated with US tech giants. This comes as welcome news when the conventional AI models are so power-hungry and require so much water to keep them cool that their sustainability is a concern, questioning the high-cost models and their long-term viability in a marketplace increasingly influenced by cost-efficient solutions. China's strategic focus on AI and related technologies has also made significant progress across various domains, from natural language processing to autonomous vehicles.

As the efficacy of the export controls is being questioned, evidence suggests mixed results. On the one hand, DeepSeek's accomplishment demonstrates that stringent measures do not entirely curtail innovation and may instead stimulate more. Conversely, the United States's steadfast imposition of export controls underscores the intimate relationship between national security and technological supremacy. The efficacy of these measures is further complicated by the global nature of talent migration, which sees leading experts from the West moving to China.

China's allure isn't limited to technological advancements but extends to attracting top-tier talent from all over. For instance, leading cancer scientist Sun Shao-Cong returned to China amid US investigations, while French Nobel-winning laser scientist Gérard Mourou joined China's top university. Additionally, respected mathematician Kenji Fukaya left the US for China's Tsinghua University, and award-winning mathematician Ma Xiaonan departed Europe for China. Other notable examples include prominent British physicist Prof Zhang Yonghao, who joined China's national hypersonic laboratory in Beijing, and global climate expert Chen Deliang, who returned to China after decades in Europe. Award-winning mathematician Wang Xujia also returned to China after a long career in Australia. These moves highlight a significant trend: China's growing attractiveness as a cutting-edge research and innovation hub.

The journey to build advanced semiconductor chips without ASML's state-of-the-art extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography machines exemplifies China's inventive spirit. Chinese scientists are pioneering alternative methods that bypass these restrictions. One breakthrough involves the laser-induced discharge plasma (LDP) method, a process that generates EUV light using laser vaporisation of tin and high-voltage discharge. This innovation, spearheaded by Prof Zhao Yongpeng at the Harbin Institute of Technology, is cost-effective and energy-efficient. The strategic collaborations with institutions like the Shanghai Institute of Optics and Tsinghua University further enhance these efforts.

Additionally, Chinese companies are leveraging deep ultraviolet (DUV) lithography machines to make sophisticated chips. Techniques such as self-aligned quadruple patterning (SAQP) allow for the etching of lines on silicon wafers multiple times, increasing transistor density and chip performance. This approach underscores Chinese innovation and highlights the country's determination to overcome import dependencies and US-imposed restrictions.

China's recent successful space missions, such as the Chang'e 5 lunar sample return and the Tianwen-1 Mars mission, undeniably showcase the country's burgeoning capabilities in advanced chip production and other related technologies. These complex endeavours require sophisticated autonomous navigation and control systems, advanced image recognition for terrain mapping and object identification, and real-time data analysis to adapt to unforeseen circumstances. The successful execution of these missions demonstrates Beijing's mastery of AI-powered robotics, machine learning, and deep learning technologies, solidifying its position as a leading force in the global AI landscape.

So, the question is: are we witnessing a steady shift of the global AI capital to China?

Washington would hate to see that happen, as President Donald Trump has allocated $500 billion to AI research and development to ensure continued US dominance in the AI arena. This only follows his predecessor's tactics without giving it strategic thought. The Biden administration had made the race for chip manufacturing a top priority by offering $53 billion to the industry. Four years later, his Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo said, "Trying to hold China back is a fool's errand." That gamble failed. Will President Trump's work?

Dr Sayeed Ahmed is a consulting engineer and the CEO of Bayside Analytix, a technology-focused strategy and management consulting organisation.​