[🇧🇩] Forming Election Commission/Conducting Elections

Justice Zubayer Rahman Chowdhury to head EC search committee

Clockwise from left: Justice Zubayer Rahman Chowdhury, Justice AKM Asaduzzaman, Prof CR Abrar, Prof Zinnatunnesa Tahmida Begum, Prof Mobasser Monem and Md Nurul Islam.

The government has formed a six-member search committee, chaired by Appellate Division Justice Zubayer Rahman Chowdhury, to select eligible candidates for a new Election Commission (EC).

The committee will recommend two candidates for each position, including the chief election commissioner and other election commissioners.

According to government sources, the committee will include Justice AKM Asaduzzaman from the High Court Division, nominated by the chief justice, and two distinguished citizens appointed by the president.

These individuals are former PSC Chairman Professor Zinnatunnesa Tahmida Begum and retired Dhaka University professor CR Abrar. Additionally, under the law, Comptroller and Auditor General of Bangladesh Md Nurul Islam and the Chairman of the Public Service Commission (PSC), Mobassher Monem, will serve as ex-officio members.

Speaking on the matter at the secretariat earlier today, Law Adviser Asif Nazrul stated that the process for the upcoming 13th National Parliamentary Election has begun. He mentioned that a search committee is being formed to constitute the Election Commission. An official notification will soon be issued after being signed by Chief Adviser Prof Muhammad Yunus.

The law adviser noted that there are numerous questions about the voter list, describing previous elections as fraudulent. This time, the voter list will be updated to ensure transparency.

The Awami League government was ousted on August 5 following a student-led uprising, and on the following day, President Mohammed Sahabuddin dissolved the 12th Parliament. On August 8, an interim government led by Yunus was established.

On September 5, the Election Commission, led by Kazi Habibul Awal, resigned before the end of its term. This commission had been sworn in on February 27, 2022.

The law for the appointment of the chief election commissioner and other election commissioners specifies that a six-member search committee will be formed by the president to establish the Election Commission.

This committee is to include an Appellate Division judge nominated by the chief justice (who will serve as committee chair), a High Court Division judge nominated by the chief justice, the comptroller and auditor general, the chairman of the Public Service Commission (PSC), and two distinguished citizens appointed by the president, one of whom must be a woman.

According to the law, the search committee must provide its recommendations to the president within 15 working days.​

Who are the EC search committee members? Let's find out

Clockwise from left: Justice Zubayer Rahman Chowdhury, Justice AKM Asaduzzaman, Prof CR Abrar, Prof Zinnatunnesa Tahmida Begum, Prof Mobasser Monem and Md Nurul Islam

The interim government yesterday formed a six-member search committee to constitute a new Election Commission.

A gazette revealing the members of this committee was released today.

Who are the members of the said committee and what do we know about them?

Justice Zubayer Rahman Chowdhury

Justice Zubayer Rahman Chowdhury was appointed to lead the search committee. He was elevated as an Appellate Division judge on August 13 this year from the High Court Division.

Starting as an advocate of a district court on March 3, 1985, he became a High Court lawyer on May 17, 1987. On August 27, 2003, he was appointed as an additional judge of the HC Division, and later on August 27, 2005, was appointed its judge.

Zubayer completed his bachelors and master's in law from Dhaka University. He also holds a second masters in international law from the UK.


Justice AKM Asaduzzaman

Justice AKM Asaduzzaman enrolled as an advocate of the district court on September 5, 1983. He joined the HC Division on September 5, 1985, and the Appellate Division on October 25, 2001.

He was promoted as additional judge of the HC Division on August 27, 2003, and appointed its judge on August 27, 2005.

Asaduzzaman obtained his honours and master's in law from Rajshahi University.

Nurul Islam

Nurul Islam Islam joined the Bangladesh Civil Service in December 1989 as an audit and accounts cadre of the 8th batch.

He assumed office as comptroller and auditor general of Bangladesh on July 26, 2023. Prior to this position, he served as the controller general of accounts for around three years.

He received the National Integrity Award from the Ministry of Finance in 2022.

He has also served as the controller general of defence finance, additional director-general (finance), and senior finance controller (army) at Dhaka cantonment.

He completed his honours and master's in public administration from Dhaka University.

Prof Mobasser Monem

Mobasser Monem was appointed chairman of Bangladesh Public Service Commission on October 9.

He holds a PhD from the University of London and has completed postdoctoral research at both Sussex University and the University of Heidelberg. He also serves as a professor at DU's governance and public management. His research expertise lies in governance, public sector innovation, and comparative public policy.

Monem has authored two books and published over 100 scholarly articles.

He was a visiting professor at Korea University in South Korea, where he taught public management and policy. He was also a teaching and research fellow at University of Heidelberg in Germany and a visiting research fellow at University of Sussex in the UK.

Prof CR Abrar

Chowdhury Rafiqul Abrar, widely known as CR Abrar, is a retired professor of international relations at DU, a rights activist, and a migration expert.

He currently serves as the president of Odhikar, a human rights organisation; and executive director of Refugee and Migratory Movements Research Unit.

He has published in national and international journals on labour recruitment industry, social protection, and rights of Rohingya refugees.

He is a strong voice against the Digital Security Act and later the Cyber Security Act.

Prof ZN Tahmida Begum

Zinnatun Nessa Tahmida Begum, a retired professor of botany at DU, was the first ever woman chair of Bangladesh Public Service Commission.

Zinnatun, a pro-BNP White Panel member, was also a pro-VC and syndicate member of DU.

She is also a fellow of the Bangladesh Academy of Sciences and a member of the Bangladesh Society of Microbiologists.

She also served as a Trustee Board member of Bangladesh National Museum and is also an editorial board member of the Journal of Science Foundation, published by Bangladesh Science Foundation.​

Search committee seeks names for CEC, ECs by Nov 7

The search committee has invited political parties, professional bodies, and individuals to propose names for the positions of chief election commissioner and election commissioners by November 7 for the formation of the next Election Commission.

A circular, signed by Md Nazrul Islam, joint secretary of the Cabinet Division, was issued in this regard yesterday.

"Political parties and professional organisations can propose a maximum of five names for the positions of chief election commissioner and other election commissioners by 5:00pm on November 7. Interested individuals may also submit their names," according to the circular.

Nominations, along with complete bio-data, should be sent directly to the Cabinet Division or via email at gfp_sec@cabinet.gov.bd, the circular said.

The circular further added that under Section 3 of the Election Commission Appointment Act-2022, the search committee is responsible for recommending candidates for the positions of CEC and other ECs.

Before the first meeting of the search committee, Cabinet Secretary Sheikh Abdur Rashid told journalists that the new EC would consist of "honest, fearless, and efficient individuals".

"I am not a member of the search committee, but we will provide administrative support as needed," he added.

The cabinet secretary explained that the committee has discussed its approach and will outline the next steps in forming the EC.

When asked about the timeline, he said the committee is required to submit its recommendations within 15 working days, after which the president will finalise the appointments.

On October 31, the interim government published the gazette notification for the six-member search committee tasked with proposing names for the next EC.

The committee is headed by Justice Zubayer Rahman Chowdhury of the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court.

Its other members include Justice AKM Asaduzzaman of the High Court Division, Comptroller and Auditor General of Bangladesh Md Nurul Islam, Public Service Commission Chairman Mobasser Momen, former Dhaka University Prof CR Abrar, and former PSC chairman Prof Zeenatun Nesa Tahmida Begum.​

Search committee to appoint honest, fearless EC members: cabinet secretary

Sheikh Abdur Rashid

The new Election Commission will be composed of "honest, fearless, and efficient individuals," Cabinet Secretary Dr Sheikh Abdur Rashid said today, following the inaugural meeting of the search committee chaired by Appellate Division Judge Justice Zubayer Rahman Chowdhury.

While briefing reporters, Rashid clarified his role, saying, "I am not a member of the Search Committee, but we will provide administrative assistance as needed."

He further noted that the committee had discussed its approach and will determine the next steps in forming the Election Commission.

When asked about the timeline for the commission's formation, Rashid explained that the committee is mandated to submit its recommendations within 15 working days, after which the president will finalise the appointment of the Election Commission.

The interim government established this six-member Search Committee on October 31 to recommend candidates for the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners.

The committee is expected to propose two candidates for each position.

Apart from Justice Zubayer Rahman Chowdhury, the committee includes Justice AKM Asaduzzaman of the High Court Division, Comptroller and Auditor General Md Nurul Islam, Bangladesh Public Service Commission (PSC) Chairman Mobasser Monem, former Dhaka University International Relations Professor Chowdhury Rafiqul Abrar, and former PSC chair Professor Zinnatun Nessa Tahmida Begum.

A notification regarding the committee's formation was issued by the Cabinet Division on Thursday, outlining its mandate to ensure that the selection process adheres to legal standards and prioritises integrity and efficiency in its choices for the new Election Commission.​

Elections will follow reforms: Yunus
In an interview with AFP, he says 'interim govt's tenure should be as short as possible'



Bangladesh's interim leader Muhammad Yunus told AFP on Wednesday that reforms are needed before his country can elect a government following the ouster of autocratic former ruler Sheikh Hasina.

The speed of reforms "will decide how quick the election will be," the Nobel Peace Prize winner and micro-finance pioneer said in an interview on the sidelines of the COP29 climate talks in Baku.

But he insisted that he would steer the country towards a democratic vote.

"That's a promise that we made, that as soon as we are ready, we'll have the elections, and the elected people can take over, run the country," he said.

He said the country needed to quickly agree on possible constitutional reforms, as well as the shape of the government, parliament and election rules.

"We are the interim government, so our period should be as short as possible."

Yunus was named to lead the government as "chief advisor" after a student-led uprising toppled Hasina in August.

Tens of thousands demonstrated in protests against job quotas that morphed into a nationwide struggle to end Hasina's 15 years of iron-fisted rule.

More than 700 people were killed, many in a brutal police crackdown, before Hasina fled to India by helicopter on August 5.

The country has struggled with instability since the ouster of Hasina, whose rule saw widespread human rights abuses, including the mass detention and extrajudicial killings of her political opponents.

"Any government would be concerned about stability. We are also," he said.

"We are hoping that we can sort it out and have a peaceful law and order," he added.

"It's only three months after the revolution."

The country of some 170 million people is struggling financially and, earlier this month, Indian firm Adani slashed cross-border electricity supply by half due to some $850 million in unpaid bills.​

Reforms first, then polls
Says Islami Andolan Bangladesh chief



The Islami Andolan Bangladesh was founded in 1987 by Syed Fazlul Karim, the pir of Charmonai in Barishal, as Islami Shashontantra Andolan. It took its current name in 2008. In light of the recent realignment of political forces, it has become important to understand the stance and vision of key Islamist platforms. This interview of Islami Andolan chief Syed Mohammad Rezaul Karim, done on October 26, is the second in a series of interviews with leaders of Islamist parties.

The Islami Andolan Bangladesh prioritises reforms over elections but also believes the government should announce a timeline of its own accord. Still in talks with other Islamist parties for a grand coalition, Islami Andolan chief Syed Mohammad Rezaul Karim told The Daily Star during an exclusive interview that it favoured proportional representation instead of the prevailing 'first-past-the-post' election system.

The Islamist party's chief stressed he was unwilling to compromise on reforms. "The reforms should be done well and quickly so that we can move on to elections. But the priority must be on reforms."

Ameer of the Islamist party established in 1987 as the Isalmi Shashantantra Andolan (which later turned into the Islami Andolan Bangladesh), Rezaul Karim, said he was not willing to wait too long either, as reforms ploughed on. "In terms of a timeline, I would say a year or a year and a half."

"But it would be nice to hear some sort of a timeline from the interim government too," he said regarding the next national elections.

Also the pir of Charmonai, Syed Md Rezaul Karim, said all the Islamist parties were working towards a grand coalition. "We are holding discussions and hope to have a united front for the elections." He indicated that the Islamist parties would try to go to the polls under one umbrella and lend their support in favour of the alliance candidates instead of trying to field their own candidates in each constituency.

But when asked who would be leading such a coalition, the Islami Andolan leader said most of the parties were leaning towards a proportional representation system. "In such a system there was no need for an electoral alliance and the parties were free to campaign on their own." He explained that in such a scenario, it would be more like a common platform, rather than an electoral alliance.

The benefit, he pointed out, was that each party would be allotted seats in the parliament according to the proportion of their votes. "That way, every single vote counts."

He said, "We have thought about this a lot and also discussed about it with others. This system is in effect in 91 countries. Everyone benefits from such a system."

Rezaul Karim said he believed that the prevailing system was not working out for the people. "We have seen that it only gives rise to fascism." He indicated that successive governments over the course of Bangladesh's existence have exhibited fascist characteristics, and proportional representation would address that issue.

As for constitutional reforms, the Islami Andolan leader explained that the previous regime had passed a number of laws that were harmful to the people and the country. He said they had also made several changes to the constitution. "Those should be the first ones to be struck out."

Asked about the status of non-Muslims in a state that he aspires for, Rezaul Karim said Islam was the only means to a welfare state where everyone's rights are respected. He said, "I will just say one thing to allay any apprehensions. Islam dictates that the property and assets of a non-Muslim must be treated with equal respect and must be provided equal status as that of a Muslim." Rezaul Karim claimed that was why it had been documented in history that non-Muslims left their native lands and chose to live under Islamic rule.

When asked about women's rights, the pir of Charmonai in Barishal said, "Islam gives more rights to women." He continued saying that women's liberty did not mean the right to nudity. "But unfortunately, that is what women's liberty seems to mean. It only brings destruction to society." However, this Islamist outfit's predecessor Islami Shashantantra Andolan under Rezaul Karim's father had criticised women's sport in 2004. In fact, the organisation had taken to the streets, protesting a women's football tournament. They declared that it was a "disgrace to women".

He said that women's status in Islam was, in fact is, higher than that of men. "Islam dictates that if the father and the mother call their child, the child should answer the mother first."

Rezaul Karim said his party had hundreds of thousands of women workers but the policymaking bodies of the party — majlish-e-shura and the executive committee — do not yet have 30 percent women but on their way to getting there. When pressed for a specific number, he reiterated his previous answer that the party was in the process of having 30 percent women in its policymaking bodies.

Regarding President Mohammed Shahabuddin, Rezaul Karim said, "We think he should come forward and remove himself from office for the greater good. I think that would not be much of a problem for us."​

Professor Yunus tells AFP that elections will follow reforms
Agence France-Presse . Baku, Azerbaijan 14 November, 2024, 12:46


Muhammad Yunus

Bangladesh’s interim leader Muhammad Yunus said on Wednesday that reforms are needed before his country can elect a government following the ouster of autocratic former ruler Sheikh Hasina.

The speed of reforms ‘will decide how quick the election will be,’ the Nobel Peace Prize winner and micro-finance pioneer said in an interview on the side-lines of the COP29 climate talks in Baku.

But he insisted that he would steer the country towards a democratic vote.

‘That’s a promise that we made, that as soon as we are ready, we’ll have the elections, and the elected people can take over, run the country,’ he said.

He said the country needed to quickly agree on possible constitutional reforms, as well as the shape of the government, parliament and election rules.

‘We are the interim government, so our period should be as short as possible.’

Yunus was named to lead the government as ‘chief advisor’ after a student-led uprising toppled Hasina in August.

Tens of thousands demonstrated in protests against job quotas that morphed into a nationwide struggle to end Hasina’s 15 years of iron-fisted rule.

More than 700 people were killed, many in a brutal police crackdown, before Hasina fled to India by helicopter on August 5.

The country has struggled with instability since the ouster of Hasina, whose rule saw widespread human rights abuses, including the mass detention and extrajudicial killings of her political opponents.

‘Any government would be concerned about stability. We are also,’ he said.

‘We are hoping that we can sort it out and have a peaceful law and order,’ he added.

‘It’s only three months after the revolution.’​

Election Reform Commission seeks political consensus on EVM

Chairman of the Election Reform Commission Badiul Alam Majumdar has called for political consensus on the use of electronic voting machines (EVMs), citing ongoing concerns over their reliability and potential for misuse.

Speaking at a press briefing at the Election Commission headquarters yesterday, Majumdar referred to EVMs as "flawed and controversial devices," highlighting the contentious debate surrounding their role in the electoral process.

The Election Reform Commission has so far held 21 meetings to address weaknesses in electoral laws, regulations and processes.

Based on deliberations in the meetings, the commission has formulated several recommendations aimed at ensuring a more transparent and efficient electoral system.

"Our members have also engaged in consultations with diverse stakeholders. We are also gathering feedback through our website, emails, and social media platforms. So far, we have received 364 emails and messages providing valuable insights," Majumdar said.

Reaffirming the commission's impartiality, he said, "We have no hidden agenda. Our work is unbiased and not aligned with any political party. We are determined to ensure that past mistakes are not repeated."

Majumdar condemned the alleged role of intelligence agencies in previous elections, accusing them of unlawful harassment of voters and candidates.

"Those responsible for such actions should be held accountable. Such irregularities have no place in a democratic electoral process," he asserted.

Challenges with EVM USE

The challenges associated with EVMs extend beyond technical issues, encompassing operational inefficiencies and a lack of transparency. The sudden announcement of voting centres, followed by logistical complications, has further eroded public confidence in the electoral process.

Some 60,000 to 70,000 malfunctioning EVMs are currently stored at the Bangladesh Machine Tools Factory Limited (BMTF), incurring ongoing warehouse expenses that were not included in the initial project budget.

The Election Reform Commission's recommendations are expected to contribute significantly to making the electoral process more transparent and inclusive, as stakeholders remain hopeful that these efforts will strengthen the democratic framework of the country.​

Have patience for election
Yunus urges people in address marking 100 days of interim government


— Prof Muhammad Yunus

Chief Adviser Prof Muhammad Yunus yesterday said the government would issue a roadmap to the election as soon decisions on electoral reforms are made.

In a televised address to the nation, marking 100 days of the interim government, Yunus said that the reforms may delay the election by a few months.

Several reform commissions are working, and they will hopefully submit their reports between December and January. The government will then discuss the recommendations with political parties.

"The reform proposals will be finalised based on everyone's consensus," he said.

The question of when the next election will take place is on everyone's mind. "It is on our minds too."

The government is taking the steps necessary to arrange the election. The new Election Commission will be formed in a few days, he said.

The EC will start updating the voter's list. For the first time, the government is working to find a way for expatriate citizens to vote through postal ballots, Prof Yunus said.

But forming an EC does not end the government's responsibility. "Reforming the state system is a key commitment of this government. You have given us this mandate."

One of the six reform commissions is the Electoral Reform Commission. The recommendations of the Constitutional Reform Commission are essential for political parties and people so that they can reach a consensus on election-related matters.

"Based on the consensus… electoral laws will need to be amended.

"I am not sure how much opportunity we will have to implement the proposed reforms. However, I assure you, if you allow us, we will make some necessary reforms and hold the election you desire. Until then, I request you all to be patient.

"We want to create an election system that will be in place for generations. This will protect our country from political crises. For this, I am requesting the necessary time from you. Once decisions on electoral reforms are made, you will get the election roadmap fast."

The interim government should not deprive the nation of the fulfilment of its aspiration of a new political environment.

"The train to the election has started rolling. It will not stop. But as we move forward, we need to do a lot of work. The train will reach its final station depending on how quickly we can lay down the tracks, and this will happen through consensus among the political parties."

Additional time may be needed to reach a consensus on other important reforms. "We will continue to ask the public and political parties what reforms they want ahead of the election. Some reforms may occur during the election process.

"The election may be delayed by a few months to implement the reforms."

The most important task is to organise a free and fair election and let the winner take over.

The government maintains regular communication with political parties. "We take their opinions on various issues. These opinions are largely reflected in our decisions. Their opinions are considered in the reform process."

At the beginning of the 34-minute speech Prof Yunus remembered the martyrs of the Liberation War and the martyrs of the July uprising.

The interim government took office when the country was in utter chaos, he said.

Around 1,500 students and others were killed and 19,931 were injured during the uprising. Their rehabilitation and treatment will be ensured.

"We will surely bring justice for each killing. The efforts for justice regarding the July-August killings are progressing. We will demand the repatriation of the fallen dictator, Sheikh Hasina, from India," he said.

The government will ensure justice for all the misdeeds committed in the last 15 years. "Innumerable people have been victims of enforced disappearance or killed during this period."

The commission for enforced disappearances has information on 1,600 instances of enforced disappearances. The commission believes this number will exceed 3,500, he said.

Many are still scared to report enforced disappearances. "Please report to the commission with full confidence. No one has the power to harm you again."

The testimonies the commission received from the victims are heart-wrenching.

Those involved in these crimes will face justice. No matter how powerful the accused are, or which force they belong to, there will be no mercy, he said.

The interim government has taken steps to hold the trial of enforced disappearances and July-August mass murders to the International Criminal Court.

The government is trying to boost the morale of the police. There has been visible progress in this regard, he said.

When the government took charge, there were attempts to spread fear among religious minorities.

"In some cases, they became victims of violence. But the propaganda surrounding this was exaggerated. The little violence that occurred had political connections."

Six floods had damaged crops and disrupted supply chains, pushing up the prices of vegetables and other essentials.

"We are doing our best to keep the prices of essentials reasonable."

To keep the supply and price stable in Ramadan, government authorities are meeting traders. Policies are being adopted to curb inflation; fuel prices have fallen a bit; and steps have been taken to increase the gas supply to industries to ensure uninterrupted production.

Efforts are being made to stop extortion in the transport sector, bring hydropower from Nepal

To help free the judiciary of bribery, the Supreme Judicial Council has been reinstated. The government is committed to protect all sectors from corruption.

Restructuring of the Anti-Corruption Commission is almost in its final stages; a list of 150 influential individuals accused of corruption and money laundering has been prepared, and investigations have begun against 79.

At least 19,084 government officers and employees have been promoted, 13,429 transferred, and 12,636 punished. The readymade garment sector became unstable, but the government managed to resolve discontent without major violence.

When the interim government took office, foreign exchange reserves were at "rock bottom". But the economy is now stronger, he said.

Reserves are improving. Without drawing from the reserves, the government managed to pay off nearly $ 2 billion in foreign debt.

"Ambassadors from different countries who visited me reiterated their governments' pledges of support. They have already started working on a new framework for assistance."

Twenty ambassadors from 20 European Union countries whose stations are in Delhi and seven ambassadors of seven EU countries will meet him, he said.

The World Bank, IMF, and other donor agencies and friendly nations have already pledged nearly 8 billion dollars in loans and grants, he said.

Once the aid starts flowing in, the country's economy will become strong, encouraging foreign investors to come here.

The fallen government and its accomplices have syphoned off $ 12-15 billion from the country every year. The interim government is trying to bring back the money.

"If we succeed, it will give a significant boost to our economy."

He urged expatriate citizens to invest in the private sector of Bangladesh.

Referring to the Awami League, he said, "They are trying to present themselves in various forms as your favourites. Stay away from the conspiracies of the defeated forces, and keep the country free. Be firm."

There is a "massive plan" at home and abroad to destabilise and break the morale of the interim government. "A major effort is being made to divide us. The leaders of the fallen government… are trying to come back to the country using ill-gotten wealth.

"Do not let them succeed. Their success would mean the nation's demise, the end of our identity as a nation. Remain vigilant."

The interim government will leave power in a short period of time.

"But the historic opportunity created for the nation must not be lost, and I strongly call on everyone… to stay firm in ensuring that this opportunity is not lost."​

Election roadmap after electoral reforms: Yunus
Ahammad Foyez 17 November, 2024, 19:42



Interim government chief Muhammad Yunus on Sunday said that the election roadmap would be declared immediately after electoral reforms.

‘The election train has started its journey. It will not stop. But we have to complete many tasks along the way. When this train reaches the last station will depend on how soon we can lay the railway lines for it and that will be through the consensus of the political parties,’ Yunus said in his televised address to the nation marking 100 days of the government.

Three days after the fall of Sheikh Hasina’s Awami League regime and her fleeing to India amid an unprecedented student-people uprising, Yunus took office as chief adviser to the interim government on August 8.



Mentioning the role of the students and people in the July-August movement, Yunus said that the government would prosecute every killing.

‘The initiative we have taken to prosecute the July-August killings is also progressing well. We will also demand the return of the fallen dictator, Sheikh Hasina, from India. Not only the July-August killings, we will prosecute all the misdeeds of the past 15 years,’ he said.

‘I am not sure how much opportunity we will get to implement the reform proposals. But I promise you, if you give me a chance, we will organise your desired elections after completing some necessary reforms,’ Yunus said.

‘Till then, I request you to be patient. We want that we are able to create an electoral system that will be followed for ages,’ he said, adding that it would consequently save the country from recurrent political crises.

For this, he said that he was asking the nation for the necessary time as once the decision on electoral reforms was made, the election roadmap would follow soon.

The interim government was formed to bring politics into the framework of policies, and out of an intense desire to create a new environment for politics, he said.

He said that in addition to the day-to-day running of the state, his government also had to think about building Bangladesh for the future.

‘As you all know, our most important task is to hand over responsibility to the elected government through organising a free and fair election. We have continued our regular communication with the political parties,’ he said.

Having said that political parties were giving their views on various issues, the chief adviser added that these views were being reflected to a large extent in the government’s decision-making.

‘Each of their views is being actively taken into consideration in the ongoing reform process. We hope that the reform commissions will be able to submit their recommendations to the government within the stipulated time, December-January,’ Yunus said.

The government was continuously holding discussions with the political parties on their recommendations and wound finalise the reform proposal based on unanimous agreement.

‘The question of when the elections will be held is on all of your minds. It is also on our minds all the time. You have noticed that we have started taking necessary steps to organise the elections,’ he said, adding that the Election Commission would be formed in a few days.

‘From then on, all the responsibility of organising the elections will fall on them. The Election Commission will be able to start some other tasks, including updating the voter list, which are directly related to a free election,’ he said.

The government was also working to ensure that non-resident Bangladeshis could exercise their voting rights through postal ballots for the first time, he added.

‘However, we do not think that our responsibility in organising elections ends once an election commission is formed. Reforms in the state system are one of the commitments of this government. You have given us this mandate. The six reform commissions that we have formed at the beginning have already taken their activities a long way,’ he said.

He said that people were also seeing updates on their activities in various media.

One of the first six reform commissions was the Election Reform Commission, the recommendations of which were highly important for holding elections, he said, urging the public to express opinions without hesitation.

‘You are the owner of the country. You say what you want, how you want,’ he said.

Yunus urged the public to keep expressing opinions about reforms in elections and other areas, while talking about elections, and said that reforms were the long-term lifeblood of the nation.

‘Keep speaking your mind about elections without any hesitation. Express everyone’s opinion. My request is that you keep talking about reforms at the same time, do not bypass reforms,’ he added.

Reforms would give the nation, especially the youth, an opportunity to create a new world, he said.

The commission for which the opinions of political parties and all the people of the country were most essential was the Constitution Reform Commission, he said, adding that the electoral law would have to be amended based on which part of these recommendations was acceptable to everyone.

‘In parallel, the process of updating the voter list will continue,’ he said.

Meantime, discussions would continue on the recommendations of other reform commissions, he said, adding that additional time might be needed to build consensus on important reforms beyond the elections.

‘We will continue to ask the country’s people, especially the political parties, what reforms they want to implement before the elections. Some reforms may be made during the election preparations. The elections may even be delayed for a few months for reforms,’ he said.

‘I appeal to everyone, regardless of party affiliation, gender, religion, young and old, students, businessmen, workers, farmers, to remain firm on this so that we do not miss the historic opportunity that has been brought to the nation through us. I hope you will accept my appeal,’ the chief adviser concluded.​

People to decide on polls, with or without reforms: Prof Yunus

In an interview with Al Jazeera, the chief adviser gives his take on key issues including the economy, ties with India, the US, Sheikh Hasina's extradition, minority rights and more.

Chief Adviser Prof Muhammad Yunus, in an interview with Al Jazeera, said his interim government is focusing on reforms of state institutions, but would announce elections anytime if people want it, with or without reforms.

Asked about when the election can take place, he said he has no definite answer to that.

Prof Yunus said his government simultaneously pushing reforms and preparing for an election. He said the student-led mass uprising has presented his government with the opportunity that no government in Bangladesh had: the mandate to change the ineffective old ways for a "New Bangladesh".

"New Bangladesh is not going to come through just holding an election. Holding an election is a repetition of the old ways of doing things in politics …. So we want to get rid of those things and that's what the population of the whole country wants. Something new, something different than the old. So that needs many things," he said referring to the reform initiatives his government has taken to bring about the changes in the key sectors like the judiciary, election commission, and even in the constitution.

However, he said the "election train" has already begun its journey and people will have the final say when the election will be held.

"And it's up to the people, up to the political parties to decide which way to go. …. And we'll keep asking the people of Bangladesh -- would you like to go to the election now or after these reforms are done?" he added.

"So it's all a question of what people want, the political parties want. If political parties say forget about it, give the election, we'll do it," the CA said, adding that his government "will not impose anything on the people".

Asked about how long the interim government can last, Prof Yunus said he has no idea about it either.

He said every government is interim as all have a certain tenure.

"The regular government lasts for 5 years. The new constitution [after reforms] may go for four years probably because people may want it. So, it should be under four years, that's for sure. It may be less," he said.

Asked if the interim government could stay for four years, Yunus said, "I didn't say that I'll be [here] for 4 years. I'm saying this is the term that maximum one can go. But that's not our intention. Our intention to get it done as quickly as possible."

When asked if he plans to stand for election, Yunus said, "I am not a politician. I enjoy my role, what I am doing at the last stage of my life. I'm not going to change that."

Ties with India and extradition of Sheikh Hasina

Asked about how his government is eyeing to resolve longstanding issues like water and resource sharing with India, Yunus said both countries need to work together to solve those.

"We have to work together … Bangladesh alone cannot solve these problems. We need collaboration, we need cooperation from India because all the sources of rivers are in India or passing through India," he said.

"We need to have a good water management system together. It cannot be done alone and I'm sure it can be done," he added.

Asked about how his administration take on the statements issued by Sheikh Hasina, the ousted prime minister, from India, the chief adviser said those are her attempts to destabilise the country, and India has a role to play here.

"You [India] are hosting her, that's fine. But please make sure that she doesn't create problems for us. Then we have to go back and complain to you that you are hosting something which is bad for us. We should be able to kind of resolve it amicably between India and Bangladesh," he said.

When mentioned that Hasina still claims to be the PM of Bangladesh, Dr Yunus said she can call herself many things but that's not what the reality is.

"Even India says she's an ex-prime minister. So, even her host is not recognising her as anything but an ex-prime minister," he added.

Asked if his government will be pushing for Hasina's extradition, he said, "Yes. Because there's a legal process going on and if she is found guilty, we'll ask for her repatriation."

Minority rights

Prof Yunus also refuted the claims that violence against minorities including Hindus has increased during his tenure. He said the violence that took place during the mass uprising was political, not religious.

He said the violence mostly targeted Awami League supporters and most of the Hindus happen to be their supporters.

"They were angry with the Awami League and those people who were attacked were active in the Awami League," he added.

Asked how he wants to bridge the divide, Prof Yunus said his government will ensure rights to every citizen.

When asked about the statement of US president-elect Donald Trump on the minority rights issues in Bangladesh ahead of the US election, the Nobel peace laureate said the reality on the ground is different.

"This is mostly propaganda … baseless propaganda. It's unfortunate [that] most of the propaganda originates from the Indian side for whatever reason. [They are doing this] maybe to keep this tension alive, probably. But in reality, it doesn't exist," he said, adding that Hindus have celebrated Durga Puja in thousands of puja mandaps without any hassle.

Ties with Trump and US

In the interview with the Qatar-based television network, Prof Yunus said he does not foresee any changes in US policy as Trump is taking office, adding that he has no personal issues with the president-elect or with the Republican Party.

"I had no interaction with president Trump in the past. So I had no problem with him in a personal way. … I have friends in the Democratic Party, I have friends in the republican party. It was the House which voted for Congressional gold medal for me," he said.

"I think the foreign policy of the United States is not something switches back and forth depending on who's the president there, said Prof Yunus.

When the host asked if he thinks the US will take a different stance towards the region after Trump takes power, Prof Yunus said, "I don't think so, absolutely no way."

Allegation of US meddling

Asked about Sheikh Hasina's allegation that the US played a part in her ouster, the chief adviser refuted the claim. He said the family of the ex-PM asked the help of the military to help her flee the country as people were about to invade her official residence.

"So, the Army helped her to … go to India and that's how it happened. It's not somebody instructing somebody, sending some army … it's not like that. [The change came through] this student movement which was joined by the entire population of the country," he added.

The Nobel peace laureate said he was not in the country when the AL government was ousted on August 5. Talking about the uncertainty that prevailed during that time, Prof Yunus said he was invited to head the interim government over a call and by the time he took oath, the country was without a government for three days.

Asked if he was surprised by how the events unfolded including the fleeing of Sheikh Hasina, Prof Yunus said not only him, but everyone was surprised by the sudden developments.

"She was so entrenched; nobody thought she was really [going to] run away," he said, adding that the mobilization against her was massive.

"That was something unheard of, something unplanned, and nobody knew that this would happen. The expectation was [that] something would happen because the whole country was against her. … But it happened."

Accepting the role of chief adviser

Asked how much consideration he gave after receiving the offer of heading the interim government, Yunus said he initially didn't want to get into politics. He said he told them to find somebody else to run the country.

He said he told them to call him a day after rethinking about the proposal

"So they called me the next day. They said we debated and discussed, you should take over. So we are waiting for you and you have to agree," the CA said.

"So, finally I said, look you have given lives for this and suffered so much for this. If you have done so much already, I will forget what I said before and I'll accept your invitation and I'll come back. So I came back," he added.

Bangladesh economy

Asked about Bangladesh's economy, Prof Yunus said he has inherited a "dysfunctional economy".

"Oh, it's terrible; the whole economy is in terrible shape. The previous government has taken so many big projects -- billions of dollars projects. The whole banking system is totally destroyed. Billions of dollars have been transferred from Bangladesh to her [Shekh Hasina] cronies and other people. So, it is in shambles," he said.

However, Yunus said he is optimistic as his government has received "tremendous support" from the world community.

"They very, very warmly supported us and that's what helped us," he said referring to the world organisations and governments. He said those helps have helped his government in putting the banking system back in shape and also in making big payments.

"We already made big payments without touching the reserve," he said, adding that those were made from the "current income".

Asked when people will get the benefits of such actions, he said the effects are already being felt by the people as they can rely on the financial system.

"Inflation is not going wild, our foreign exchange is not disappearing, and it is building up every month. So, the confidence is coming back," he said.​

Won’t allow AL in election before trial for mass killing: Sarjis
Staff Correspondent
Dhaka
Updated: 19 Nov 2024, 19: 20


Sarjis AlamCollected

The general secretary of July Shaheed Smrity Foundation, Sarjis Alam, has expressed a firm determination that they would not allow deposed Awami League in any election before they undergo a trial for mass killing.

“We will not let Awami League participate in any election before their trial for mass killing. If necessary, there will be a second uprising,” he wrote on his verified Facebook handle on Tuesday afternoon.

Earlier on the day, Hasnat Abdullah, a key coordinator of the anti-discrimination student movement, lambasted Awami League and the entities that are trying to rehabilitate them.

In a Facebook post, he said any desire to attain power by stepping on the youth’s blood and turning New Delhi into the qibla (direction of prayer or loyalty) means betraying the people’s aspiration for freedom.

“Those who will take initiatives to rehabilitate Awami League, history will identify them as public enemies,” he wrote.

He further said those who uphold the spirit of the July uprising and aim to represent the people’s aspirations must unequivocally demand trial for the Awami League in post-2024 Bangladesh, and there should be no different statements.

On the previous day, youth and sports adviser Asif Mahmud echoed similar sentiments while speaking at a discussion.

“When we, on behalf of the government, talk about banning the Awami League, political parties try to hinder the attempt through their speeches. As the Nazi Party was banned in Germany in 1945 and still remains so, it should be a precedent to understand the fate of the Awami League,” he said.​

Elected govt needed to revive economy
Says Pran-RFL Group chief Ahsan Khan Chowdhury



The sooner the country returns to a democratic process, the better it is for the economy, said top industrialist Ahsan Khan Chowdhury.

"Businesses will do better [under an elected government]," Ahsan Khan Chowdhury, chairman and chief executive director of PRAN-RFL Group, told The Daily Star in an interview recently.

Pran-RFL wants to invest and expand its business but the sprawling conglomerate, whose turnover is to the tune of Tk 30,000 crore, cannot do so without a stable political and economic environment.

"Because, the political and economic situation highly influences such plans. If there is hartal here today or worsening law and order, I cannot do anything even if I want."

Unrest among people will subside under a democratically elected government.

"If we can do so and create a mentality of constructive discussion, our country will advance fast," said Chowdhury, who employs about 145,000 people.

He urged policymakers to improve the law and order situation so that normal business and economic activities run smoothly.

Chowdhury, however, said the interim government must succeed if the country is to move forward.

If the law and order situation returns to normal, entrepreneurs will be able to pay attention to their businesses and focus on investment and job creation needed to rejuvenate the economy, which has been facing headwinds for more than two years because of depleting foreign exchange reserves and high inflation.

Businesspeople should not run after politics, according to Chowdhury, who looks after 32 factories in Bangladesh.

"Let's not waste our time on politics and let the politicians do their job. For me, my business is my politics. My politics is how I can make PRAN-RFL the best company in the world. But political and economic situations influence my decision to do so."

To encourage investment, the government should make rules and procedures easy for investors to comply with, he said, citing the cumbersome process to get trade licences from city corporations and factory and environmental clearance from agencies.

"We need to change our total mindset. We will reap no benefit of establishing a one-stop service window unless we ease the business processes."

Bangladesh is competing with India, Vietnam and Cambodia for foreign investment, so the country needs a competitive edge. So the one-stop service window must be made world-class.

"You see industrialisation is taking place in Dubai even though they do not have any comparative advantage. They have made the business processes so easy that investors from Africa and Europe are going there. But we are failing to attract investors."

Bangladesh can become the best place for business if the processes are eased.

"We can advance quickly if our political mindset, business mindset, and bureaucrats are aligned together."

Employment generation should be the topmost national agenda, Chowdhury said, adding that the PRAN-RFL Group aims to create 100,000 additional employment by investing in the labour-intensive sectors, especially those that would exit from China.

"We have seen that footwear, bag making, small electric appliances and home appliances will be forced to leave China. Our job will be to see how we can take that opportunity."

Chowdhury lauded the role of the banking sector in supporting entrepreneurs.

Organisations such as PRAN-RFL Group might not have grown were it not for the funding from banks.

"Our banking sector has given birth to many entrepreneurs. When we talk about the creation of oligarchs, we should also remember that numerous entrepreneurs have been created because of this sector."

In the '90s, no bank other than the then-Bangladesh Shilpa Bank would provide loans to the industrial sector. Today, every bank finances industries.

"I think PRAN-RFL is the discovery of Bangladesh's banking sector. We have grown and repaid loans timely. No bank in Bangladesh can say it has dues to the PRAN-RFL. We have borrowed, repaid on time; and sought more loans from the banks for doing business and not for buying cars, homes or to siphon money abroad."​

Election timetable: perspectives, challenges, & opportunities
Serajul I Bhuiyan
Published :
Nov 21, 2024 00:45
Updated :
Nov 21, 2024 00:45


Chief Advisor Muhammad Yunus addresses the nation to mark his interim administration’s 100th day in office on November 17 Photo : Agency

Dr Muhammad Yunus, the globally renowned Nobel Laureate and the head of Bangladesh’s interim government, recently delivered a historic speech commemorating the first 100 days of his administration. At the heart of his address was the contentious issue of the nation’s election timetable, a critical topic that has become the centerpiece of political discourse and public debate in Bangladesh.

With the nation standing at a decisive juncture in its political history, Yunus’ speech has drawn widespread attention for offering a roadmap aimed at diffusing tensions, fostering political consensus, and ensuring the path to free and transparent elections. While his vision has earned praise for its foresight, it has also sparked scepticism and debate, revealing divergent reactions from political factions, civil society, and the general public.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of Yunus’ speech, assessing its core themes, evaluating its strengths and weaknesses, and presenting actionable recommendations to navigate the complexities of this pivotal moment in Bangladesh’s democratic journey.

Key highlights of Yunus’ speech: Commitment to electoral integrity. Yunus emphasized the interim government’s dedication to ensuring free, fair, and inclusive elections. He stressed that credible elections necessitate institutional reforms to eliminate vulnerabilities that have marred past electoral processes.

Proposal for timelines. Yunus proposed linking the election timetable to the completion of critical reforms, ensuring that elections are not rushed at the expense of transparency and credibility.

Inclusivity and dialogue. Acknowledging the importance of collective decision-making, Yunus called for inclusive dialogue with political parties, civil society, and other stakeholders to achieve national consensus.

Focus on institutional reforms. His speech highlighted ongoing efforts to depoliticize key state institutions such as the Election Commission, judiciary, and law enforcement agencies, with the aim of creating a level playing field for all political actors.

Strengths of THE speech: Emphasis on electoral integrity. Yunus’ focus on linking the election timetable to critical reforms underscores his commitment to ensuring that elections are not merely procedural but genuinely democratic. This approach resonates with civil society’s demand for substantive changes before elections are held.

Promotion of national consensus. The call for inclusivity and dialogue reflects an understanding of the need for collective decision-making in a polarized political landscape. By inviting all parties to participate, he demonstrated a willingness to foster unity and collaboration.

Strategic vision for long-term stability. The speech presented a long-term perspective, recognizing the systemic issues that have undermined previous elections. Yunus’ emphasis on reforms seeks to establish a sustainable democratic framework that prevents a recurrence of past political crises.

Restoration of public trust. The focus on transparency and impartiality is likely to resonate with a public disillusioned by years of electoral controversies and authoritarian governance, offering hope for a more credible political process.

Shortcomings of the speech

Lack of specific timelines. While Dr Yunus outlined broad reform objectives, the absence of specific deadlines or milestones left room for ambiguity, potentially undermining public confidence in the interim government’s intent and ability to deliver.

Insufficient emphasis on dialogue: Though he mentioned inclusivity, the speech lacked a concrete framework for engaging stakeholders in meaningful dialogue. A clearer roadmap for fostering consensus among political parties and civil society would have strengthened his vision.

Resistance from political parties. The speech did not adequately address the divergent positions of major political parties. For example, the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) demands immediate elections, while Jamaat-e-Islami prioritizes reforms. These conflicting priorities require careful negotiation and compromise.

Public frustration with delays. A lack of tangible progress on key reforms risks alienating the public, particularly those eager for a return to normalcy through timely elections.

Public perspectives: To better understand public sentiment, a snap poll was conducted by this author with 50 respondents from diverse backgrounds, including professionals, students, civil society members, and the general public in Bangladesh and United States of America (USA). The survey captured a range of opinions on Dr Yunus’ speech and the broader political context. (See- Box)

Perspectives of political parties and civil society: Bangladesh’s political landscape is highly polarised, with significant divergence among key stakeholders regarding the election timetable and reform agenda. The views of major political parties, smaller parties, and civil society reflect varied priorities, ranging from immediate elections to comprehensive institutional reforms. Here is an expanded analysis of these perspectives:

Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP)

Position. The BNP has consistently maintained that immediate elections are imperative to restore democratic continuity. As the primary opposition party, the BNP believes that delaying elections undermines public confidence in governance and exacerbates political uncertainty.

Concerns. The BNP has expressed apprehension that a prolonged timeline for reforms might marginalize their political influence and allow the interim government to consolidate its power. This perception is particularly sensitive given the party’s recent history of strained participation in previous electoral processes. BNP leaders also fear that extended delays could diminish the urgency of addressing electoral irregularities and hinder their ability to mobilize grassroots support.

Recommendation. To address the BNP’s concerns, the interim government should establish a clear and binding election timetable with transparent milestones for reforms. This would reassure the BNP that the interim government is not attempting to extend its tenure indefinitely. Visible progress in reforming the Election Commission, updating voter rolls, and ensuring impartial law enforcement could help build trust and facilitate their participation in the democratic process.

Jamaat-e-Islami

Position. Jamaat-e-Islami has advocated for reforms to take precedence over elections, emphasizing that without comprehensive changes, the electoral process risks repeating the same systemic flaws seen in previous elections. Their position reflects a cautious and methodical approach, prioritiaing the integrity of the process over its speed.

Concerns. Jamaat fears that a rushed election could compromise its credibility, perpetuating existing issues such as voter fraud, political interference, and biased administration. These concerns are particularly acute given the party’s diminished political leverage and historical challenges in contesting elections under fair conditions.

Recommendation. To address Jamaat’s reservations, the interim government should consider forming a bipartisan reform oversight committee. This body, comprising representatives from all major political parties, civil society, and independent experts, could monitor and evaluate the progress of reforms, ensuring transparency and inclusivity. By actively involving Jamaat in the reform process, the government can foster trust and demonstrate its commitment to creating a fair and level playing field for all political actors.

Smaller Parties and Civil Society

Position. Smaller political parties and civil society groups generally support the interim government’s reform agenda. They view systemic reforms as critical to ensuring free and fair elections, and many have lauded Dr. Yunus’ emphasis on depoliticizing key institutions. However, they also stress the importance of inclusivity in the reform process to reflect the diverse interests of Bangladesh’s population.

Concerns. Smaller parties often fear being overshadowed by dominant political actors like the Awami League or BNP in shaping electoral policies. Civil society groups, meanwhile, are concerned about the lack of mechanisms to ensure that reforms are implemented transparently and equitably. These stakeholders worry that without meaningful engagement, their voices may be sidelined in the broader political discourse.

Recommendation. To address these concerns, the interim government should prioritise greater inclusivity and representation in decision-making processes. Establishing consultative forums where smaller parties and civil society organizations can actively contribute to discussions on reforms would enhance the legitimacy of the interim government’s efforts. Furthermore, ensuring proportional representation in electoral oversight committees can provide a platform for diverse perspectives and build consensus on critical issues.

Collective insights: The perspectives of political parties and civil society reveal the complexity of navigating Bangladesh’s political terrain. While the BNP demands urgency, Jamaat advocates caution, and smaller parties emphasize inclusivity, their shared concern is the credibility and transparency of the electoral process.

The interim government, under Dr. Yunus’ leadership, must strike a delicate balance by addressing these concerns while adhering to its reform agenda. Proactive communication, visible progress, and inclusive policymaking are essential to bridging these divides and fostering a unified path toward democratic restoration.

By engaging all stakeholders in constructive dialogue and demonstrating its commitment to credible reforms, the interim government has an opportunity to lay the foundation for a stronger, more inclusive democratic system in Bangladesh.

Public sentiments on Dr. Yunus’ leadership: Respondents widely praised Dr. Yunus for his integrity, global reputation, and commitment to reforms. Many view him as a transformative leader capable of addressing Bangladesh’s deep-seated political and institutional challenges. However, some expressed impatience with the interim government’s pace, emphasizing the need for tangible progress.

A general citizen remarked:

“Dr. Yunus is a leader of exceptional integrity. We believe in his vision, but the interim government must act faster to prove its commitment to meaningful reforms.”

This survey highlights a public deeply invested in the nation’s democratic future. While Dr. Yunus’ speech and interim government enjoy mixt support, citizens demand tangible progress and greater inclusivity in decision-making. Reform is necessary for a strong democracy and stop returning autocracy and fascism in the future. These insights underscore the importance of balancing immediate political pressures with the long-term need for systemic reform.

For many, the interim government’s inability to set definitive deadlines has heightened political uncertainty, leaving citizens anxious about the future. These individuals argue that immediate elections are necessary to restore a sense of normalcy and democratic continuity. They believe that delaying elections risks undermining public confidence in the interim government’s intent and credibility, as well as exacerbating social unrest in an already polarized environment.

A young entrepreneur from Dhaka shared, “The country cannot afford to remain in limbo. People need an elected government to address the economic challenges we are facing. Every day of delay makes things worse for ordinary citizens.”

A senior banker expressed concern over the persistent rise in commodity prices, noting that while the government is making efforts to control the situation, continued inflation could erode public support and trust in the administration. He also emphasized the need for prioritization, citing the agitation by Titumir College students demanding university status as an example of a non-urgent issue. ‘Such demands, while important in the long term, should not overshadow critical national priorities. The government must address these protests firmly to maintain focus on urgent and impactful reforms,’ he remarked.

A distinguished trustee board member of a leading private university remarked on Yunus’s unparalleled international stature, emphasising that his position provides a unique opportunity to bring those responsible for extrajudicial killings and disappearances to justice. “Dr. Yunus must be allowed to complete the tribunal process to ensure that these criminals face accountability. Political parties should exercise patience and support his efforts to reform the system and prosecute collaborators of the fascist regime,’ he stated. The trustee also reflected on Yunus’s personal sacrifices, noting, ‘He is perhaps losing more as Chief Advisor compared to his thriving international role in advancing social business and global thought leadership. Yet, his dedication to Bangladesh’s democratic and judicial reforms speaks volumes of his commitment to the nation.’

Recommendations for the way forward

Establish a binding timeline. Set specific deadlines for reforms and elections to build public confidence and counter accusations of delay tactics.

Foster inclusive dialogue. Engage all stakeholders — including political parties, civil society, and marginalized groups — in a structured dialogue to build consensus and ensure reforms reflect diverse perspectives.

Demonstrate tangible progress. Implement quick wins, such as restructuring the Election Commission and depoliticizing law enforcement, to signal sincerity and build momentum.

Enhance public communication. Provide regular updates on reform progress through transparent and accessible channels, maintaining public trust and engagement. A proactive and dynamic press secretary is needed at this moment to communicate government messages on reforms and actions, steps on different sectors.

Leverage Technology for Transparency. Utilise digital tools for voter registration, election monitoring, and public feedback to enhance transparency and reduce inefficiencies.

Involve international experts. Seek neutral international organizations to mediate political disagreements and lend credibility to the reform process.

Reshuffle advisors. A prevailing perception among the public is that while several advisors within the interim government are well-meaning individuals and experts in their respective fields, they are not meeting the expectations required for ministerial responsibilities. To address this, there is a growing call for replacing underperforming advisors with individuals who embody youthful energy, dynamism, and a fresh perspective.

The ideal replacements should not be drawn from NGO backgrounds, nor should they be long-retired loyalists or individuals affiliated with previous governments. Instead, the focus should be on appointing capable professionals who can bring innovative solutions and a non-partisan approach to the government’s reform agenda. This reshuffle would strengthen public confidence in the interim administration and inject much-needed vigor into its operations.

A pivotal moment for Bangladesh: Yunus’ speech marks a critical turning point in Bangladesh’s democratic journey. While his vision reflects a thoughtful balance between immediate political pressures and long-term reform needs, its success depends on effective implementation, transparent communication, and sustained public trust.

The interim government faces the challenge of balancing the urgency for elections with the necessity of systemic reforms. By fostering consensus, demonstrating tangible progress, and engaging citizens, Yunus and his administration can navigate this period with integrity and purpose.

As Bangladesh stands at this historic crossroads,. Yunus’ leadership offers a rare opportunity to build a more inclusive, accountable, and resilient democracy. The path forward requires collaboration, patience, and an unwavering commitment to democratic ideals, paving the way for a brighter future for all Bangladeshis.

Dr. Serajul I. Bhuiyan is a professor and former chair of the Department of Journalism and Mass Communications at Savannah State University in Georgia.​