[🇧🇩] Liberation War: Sheikh Mujib and Others

[theIndian]

We know @Sharma Ji is addicted

 

[Saif]

The wonder of guerilla warfare in 1971

In 1971, the people of Bangladesh united to fight the occupying Pakistani forces and their local collaborators.

www.thedailystar.net

Kaderia Bahini
The wonder of guerilla warfare in 1971

In 1971, the people of Bangladesh united to fight the occupying Pakistani forces and their local collaborators.

Against the powerful Pakistani military, which was armed with advanced weaponry, armaments, artillery and tanks, the Bangladeshi people hardly had any means to fight back. As such, they adopted guerrilla warfare by forming small groups of freedom fighters, armed with their bravery and die hard valour.

One such guerilla groups was the famous Kaderia Bahini in Tangail district, which put up a strong resistance against the Pakistani army in the region.

The force not only seized Tangail's freedom from occupation, but also went on to emerge as a wonder of guerrilla warfare, with its name spread even beyond the country's borders.

Kaderia Bahini was formed in the Tangail region on April 19, 1971, led by legendary freedom fighter Abdul Kader Siddique, a civilian guerrilla fighter also known as Bagha Siddique (Tiger Siddique).

With 17,000 regular freedom fighters and 70,000 volunteers under 91 companies, the group defeated the Pakistani forces in numerous battles in Tangail and several adjoining districts of Dhaka, Mymensingh, Jamalpur, Sirajganj and Pabna, one after another, with Siddique leading from the front with his bravery and tactics.

Kader Siddique later recorded his experiences from the warfront in his book titled "Swadhinata 71".

The force was headquartered in the remote, hilly areas in Tangail's Sakhipur, and had a training center in Andhi village. Kader's elder brother Abdul Latif Siddique, a member of the then Gono Parishad and also one of the organisers of the Liberation War, conducted the oath of the freedom fighters.

Although a guerrilla force, it was run militarily, with its own finance department, public relations department, radio-telephone-communications department, food department, and justice and prison department. It also set up a hospital at Muktanchal, adjacent to the force's headquarters, for treating wounded freedom fighters.

In addition, Kaderia Bahini also had a civilian division, headed by Anwarul Alam Shaheed.

Kaderia Bahini would ambush the enemy forces and after securing victory, would advance to the next frontier. It took part in at least 73 small and big battles with the Pakistani army, including the battles of Makrai, Dhalapara, Kamutia, Balla, Fultala, Bathuli, Patharghata and Ghatail.

However, its most renowned and successful battle was the one fought in Matikata of Bhuanpur in August, famously known as "Jahajmara War" in history. It was an operation by the freedom fighters against Pakistani war ships.

Kaderia Bahini also played a crucial role in claiming the final victory in Dhaka in December. Kader Siddique was present at the surrender of the Pakistani forces in Dhaka on December 16.

Hamidul Haque, Habibur Rahman Khoka, Fazlul Haque, Fazlur Rahman, Abdus Sabur Khan, Habibur Rahman Habib, Abul Kalam Azad, Hobibor Rahman Hobi, Mohammad Abdullah, Syed Golam Mostofa, Abdur Razzaque, Nurun Nabi, Bulbul Khan Mahbub, Ashraf Girani, Abdul Aziz, and Nurul Islam are among the freedom fighters of the Kaderia Bahini noted for their bravery in the war.

After the independence, Kader Siddique was honoured with the title of "Bir Uttam" for his extraordinary contributions in the Liberation War, while 16 others from the force got different awards -- two with "Bir Bikram" and 14 with "Bir Protik".

Kader Siddique and his Kaderia Bahini surrendered their arms to Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman on Bindubasini Boys' High School premises on January 24, 1972.​

 

[Saif]

Bangladesh debunks attempts to distort 1971 Liberation War history

The Bangladesh government today refuted attempts to distort the history of its 1971 Liberation War, referencing a book written by the late JN Dixit, a former Indian foreign secretary, diplomat, and National Security Adviser.

en.prothomalo.com

Bangladesh debunks attempts to distort 1971 Liberation War history
BSS
Published: 18 Dec 2024, 21: 17

Bangladesh Government Logo File photo

The Bangladesh government today refuted attempts to distort the history of its 1971 Liberation War, referencing a book written by the late JN Dixit, a former Indian foreign secretary, diplomat, and National Security Adviser.

“We celebrate our glorious Victory in 1971; we celebrate the Truth,” the foreign ministry stated in a post on its verified Facebook page, citing Dixit’s observations on the events of 16 December, 1971.

The ministry’s post, titled “Facts in History”, reiterated that Bangladesh emerged as a sovereign, independent country on 16 December, 1971, following a prolonged struggle and a nine-month-long brutal war.

It quoted Dixit’s book Liberation and Beyond: Indo-Bangladesh Relations, which detailed the surrender ceremony marking the end of the war.

The ministry’s post included the following excerpt from the Dixit’s book: “A major political mistake at the surrender ceremony was the Indian military high command’s failure to ensure the presence of General M.A.G. Osmani, Commander from the Bangladesh side on the Joint Command, at the ceremony and making him a signatory. The formal excuse explaining his absence was that his helicopter did take off but could not reach Dhaka in time for the surrender schedule. But there was widespread suspicion that his helicopter had been sent astray so that he could not reach Dhaka in time and the focus of attention at the ceremony was riveted on the Indian military commanders. This was an unfortunate aberration which India could have avoided.

The event generated much resentment among Bangladeshi political circles. Osmani’s presence at the surrender ceremony could have helped in avoiding many of the political misunderstandings which affected Indo-Bangladesh relations in the initial days of Bangladesh’s independence.”

The post concluded, “We celebrate our glorious Victory in 1971; we celebrate the Truth.”

The ministry’s comments coincided with a hugely sparked public reactions to Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s post on his X account (formerly Twitter) marking Bangladesh’s Victory Day. Modi’s remarks drew criticism from various political parties and prominent figures in Bangladesh.

In his Handle, Modi wrote – “Today, on Vijay Diwas, we honour the courage and sacrifices of the brave soldiers who contributed to India’s historic victory in 1971. Their selfless dedication and unwavering resolve safeguarded our nation and brought glory to us. This day is a tribute to their extraordinary valour and their unshakable spirit. Their sacrifices will forever inspire generations and remain deeply embedded in our nation’s history.

Widespread backlash

Criticism poured in from various quarters, including Communist Party of Bangladesh, Socialist Party of Bangladesh, and Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami and advisers of the interim government.

Law Adviser Asif Nazrul strongly protested Modi’s remarks, stating on his verified Facebook account : “I strongly protest. December 16, 1971, was Bangladesh's Victory Day. India was only an ally in this victory, nothing more than that.”

Shipping, Labour, and E-employment Adviser retired Brigadier General M. Sakhawat Hossain emphasized Bangladesh’s central role, saying, “We started our liberation war and we ended it,” as reported by New Age.

Hasnat Abdullah, convener of the Anti-Discrimination Student Movement, also criticized Modi’s comments in a Facebook post, stating: “This was Bangladesh's Liberation War. It was for Bangladesh's independence against Pakistan.

But Modi has claimed it was solely India's war and their achievement, disregarding Bangladesh's existence in their narrative. When India claims this independence as their achievement, I see it as a direct threat to Bangladesh's independence, sovereignty, and integrity. Our struggle against this threat from India is inevitable. We must continue this struggle.”​

 

[Bilal9]

Please don't bank too much on our subs as they are 30 years old Chinese Mings.

Well for training purposes they are fine - which is what we need right now.

Training a competent underwater naval component ASAP is a must.

Equipment can come later.

Also - the Mings (version 035G class for BN) were upgraded significantly to bring then up to speed apparently to current Chinese PLAN standards. Like anti-submarine (ASW), Yu-3 torpedo, and French sonar DUUX-5capability. More details here in an official PLAN fan magazine from China.

035型明级常规动力潜艇

(Click browser options to translate into English)

Wiki also says - "The upgrade included the installation of new sensors, modern computers and communication systems. Interior decoration and crew comfort also improved."

"BNS Joyjatra uses Chinese H/SQ2-262C active sonar (improved Pike Jaw MG-100 sonar), a Chinese copy of the French DUUX-5 passive sonar, integrated by an ES5F integrated sonar system. The boat uses MRK-50 Topol (Snoop Tray) surface search radar, a Magnavox satellite navigation system for communications, with a Type 921A electronics warfare suite.

BNS Joyjatra has eight 533 mm (21 in) torpedo tubes which can launch a complement of 14 heavy weight ET-31 anti-ship torpedoes and ET-40 anti-submarine torpedoes. ET-31 has a range of 15 kilometers with speed of 40 knots. ET-31 use active/passive acoustic homing guidance. ET-40 torpedo has two modes which can be launched from Model 7436 triple tube torpedo launching system. ET-40 has 30 kilometers range with speed of 25 knots or 18 kilometers range with speed of 42 knots. ET-40 use wire guidance (fire-and-forget) and active acoustic homing for ASW role. ET-40 can also be used against surface ship while first stage is straight run (unguided) till passive acoustic homing mode (600m acquisition range) or wake homing guidance activated. Alternatively, the boat can carry up to 32 naval mines.

Brand new they may not be, but well-functioning is good enough for defence purposes, until we find and induct better equipment like better (quieter) diesel electric subs.

Being that Hasina did her level best to please her masters in neutering our Navy, things can only look better from this point on forward.

 

[Bilal9]

Bangladesh debunks attempts to distort 1971 Liberation War history

The Bangladesh government today refuted attempts to distort the history of its 1971 Liberation War, referencing a book written by the late JN Dixit, a former Indian foreign secretary, diplomat, and National Security Adviser.

en.prothomalo.com

Bangladesh debunks attempts to distort 1971 Liberation War history
BSS
Published: 18 Dec 2024, 21: 17

View attachment 11815
Bangladesh Government Logo File photo

The Bangladesh government today refuted attempts to distort the history of its 1971 Liberation War, referencing a book written by the late JN Dixit, a former Indian foreign secretary, diplomat, and National Security Adviser.

“We celebrate our glorious Victory in 1971; we celebrate the Truth,” the foreign ministry stated in a post on its verified Facebook page, citing Dixit’s observations on the events of 16 December, 1971.

The ministry’s post, titled “Facts in History”, reiterated that Bangladesh emerged as a sovereign, independent country on 16 December, 1971, following a prolonged struggle and a nine-month-long brutal war.

It quoted Dixit’s book Liberation and Beyond: Indo-Bangladesh Relations, which detailed the surrender ceremony marking the end of the war.

The ministry’s post included the following excerpt from the Dixit’s book: “A major political mistake at the surrender ceremony was the Indian military high command’s failure to ensure the presence of General M.A.G. Osmani, Commander from the Bangladesh side on the Joint Command, at the ceremony and making him a signatory. The formal excuse explaining his absence was that his helicopter did take off but could not reach Dhaka in time for the surrender schedule. But there was widespread suspicion that his helicopter had been sent astray so that he could not reach Dhaka in time and the focus of attention at the ceremony was riveted on the Indian military commanders. This was an unfortunate aberration which India could have avoided.

The event generated much resentment among Bangladeshi political circles. Osmani’s presence at the surrender ceremony could have helped in avoiding many of the political misunderstandings which affected Indo-Bangladesh relations in the initial days of Bangladesh’s independence.”

The post concluded, “We celebrate our glorious Victory in 1971; we celebrate the Truth.”

The ministry’s comments coincided with a hugely sparked public reactions to Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s post on his X account (formerly Twitter) marking Bangladesh’s Victory Day. Modi’s remarks drew criticism from various political parties and prominent figures in Bangladesh.

In his Handle, Modi wrote – “Today, on Vijay Diwas, we honour the courage and sacrifices of the brave soldiers who contributed to India’s historic victory in 1971. Their selfless dedication and unwavering resolve safeguarded our nation and brought glory to us. This day is a tribute to their extraordinary valour and their unshakable spirit. Their sacrifices will forever inspire generations and remain deeply embedded in our nation’s history.

Widespread backlash

Criticism poured in from various quarters, including Communist Party of Bangladesh, Socialist Party of Bangladesh, and Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami and advisers of the interim government.

Law Adviser Asif Nazrul strongly protested Modi’s remarks, stating on his verified Facebook account : “I strongly protest. December 16, 1971, was Bangladesh's Victory Day. India was only an ally in this victory, nothing more than that.”

Shipping, Labour, and E-employment Adviser retired Brigadier General M. Sakhawat Hossain emphasized Bangladesh’s central role, saying, “We started our liberation war and we ended it,” as reported by New Age.

Hasnat Abdullah, convener of the Anti-Discrimination Student Movement, also criticized Modi’s comments in a Facebook post, stating: “This was Bangladesh's Liberation War. It was for Bangladesh's independence against Pakistan.

But Modi has claimed it was solely India's war and their achievement, disregarding Bangladesh's existence in their narrative. When India claims this independence as their achievement, I see it as a direct threat to Bangladesh's independence, sovereignty, and integrity. Our struggle against this threat from India is inevitable. We must continue this struggle.”​

These blunders (see red highlighting above) at the head of the Indian political and military apparatus are becoming unfortunately more common by the day, and as observed, were plentiful during 1971 as well, showing the shortsightedness and narrow viewpoint of some of the Indian military commanders.

It is regrettable - but not surprising.

Notice how Hasina was protected by a full R&AW station chief in Dhaka (as an Indian asset) - and what little R&AW could do to save her. Just rank incompetence.

Ran away as fast as their legs could take them, so fast, that most of the Awami League functionaries were left to fend for themselves.

 

[Saif]

Well for training purposes they are fine - which is what we need right now.

Training a competent underwater naval component ASAP is a must.

Equipment can come later.

Also - the Mings (version 035G class for BN) were upgraded significantly to bring then up to speed apparently to current Chinese PLAN standards. Like anti-submarine (ASW), Yu-3 torpedo, and French sonar DUUX-5capability. More details here in an official PLAN fan magazine from China.

035型明级常规动力潜艇

(Click browser options to translate into English)

Wiki also says - "The upgrade included the installation of new sensors, modern computers and communication systems. Interior decoration and crew comfort also improved."

"BNS Joyjatra uses Chinese H/SQ2-262C active sonar (improved Pike Jaw MG-100 sonar), a Chinese copy of the French DUUX-5 passive sonar, integrated by an ES5F integrated sonar system. The boat uses MRK-50 Topol (Snoop Tray) surface search radar, a Magnavox satellite navigation system for communications, with a Type 921A electronics warfare suite.

BNS Joyjatra has eight 533 mm (21 in) torpedo tubes which can launch a complement of 14 heavy weight ET-31 anti-ship torpedoes and ET-40 anti-submarine torpedoes. ET-31 has a range of 15 kilometers with speed of 40 knots. ET-31 use active/passive acoustic homing guidance. ET-40 torpedo has two modes which can be launched from Model 7436 triple tube torpedo launching system. ET-40 has 30 kilometers range with speed of 25 knots or 18 kilometers range with speed of 42 knots. ET-40 use wire guidance (fire-and-forget) and active acoustic homing for ASW role. ET-40 can also be used against surface ship while first stage is straight run (unguided) till passive acoustic homing mode (600m acquisition range) or wake homing guidance activated. Alternatively, the boat can carry up to 32 naval mines.

Brand new they may not be, but well-functioning is good enough for defence purposes, until we find and induct better equipment like better (quieter) diesel electric subs.

Being that Hasina did her level best to please her masters in neutering our Navy, things can only look better from this point on forward.

I am hoping that BN would choose Yuan class submarine(Type 039D) to maintain balance of power in the Bay of Bengal. BN can ask for a long term Chinese loan to pay for the Yuans. What do you think?

 

[Bilal9]

I am hoping that BN would choose Yuan class submarine(Type 039D) to maintain balance of power in the Bay of Bengal. BN can ask for a long term Chinese loan to pay for the Yuans. What do you think?

I think purchase of two Type 039D for now is a practical and time-appropriate move, relatively economical to purchase and maintain. The Mings were about 200 Million for two which was IMHO rather overpriced (given Hasina's cut in that purchase).

I don't think at this point in time - our navy is ready for diesel electric attack subs (041) like Pakistan is inducting. Anything more potent than 039 Yuan class may invite issues from our larger and smaller neighbors. In fact this meagre 039 Yuan class defensive purchase will also invite some pressure, but it will die down sooner. It is what it is.

We have to walk a fine tightrope. While we have to maintain a stronger defensive naval posture than currently, we also cannot forget that our economic strength vis-a-vis other South Asian countries is also a deterrent by itself. We have to balance a strong defence posture with an equally strong economy, with sufficient reserves and economic fundamentals.

One has to sustain defensive battles and wars, not just start them. In this respect our larger neighbor has a leg up on us already.

 

[Saif]

I think purchase of two Type 039D for now is a practical and time-appropriate move, relatively economical to purchase and maintain. The Mings were about 200 Million for two which was IMHO rather overpriced (given Hasina's cut in that purchase).

I don't think at this point in time - our navy is ready for diesel electric attack subs (041) like Pakistan is inducting. Anything more potent than 039 Yuan class may invite issues from our larger and smaller neighbors. In fact this meagre 039 Yuan class defensive purchase will also invite some pressure, but it will die down sooner. It is what it is.

We have to walk a fine tightrope. While we have to maintain a stronger defensive naval posture than currently, we also cannot forget that our economic strength vis-a-vis other South Asian countries is also a deterrent by itself. We have to balance a strong defence posture with an equally strong economy, with sufficient reserves and economic fundamentals.

One has to sustain defensive battles and wars, not just start them. In this respect our larger neighbor has a leg up on us already.

Pakistan navy got the TOT for Yuan class (Type 039B) submarine. The latest version of Yuan is Type 039D.

Bangladesh's defense budget is not much as compared to other South Asian countries. Currently it is a little over 1% of our GDP. Our economy has been doing badly because of rampant corruption and money laundering by the Hasina regime and its beneficiaries.