[🇧🇩] Monitoring Bangladesh's Economy

[🇧🇩] Monitoring Bangladesh's Economy
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The corporate sector in Bangladesh needs a cultural reset

Soud Bin Faisal

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Visual: MAGNIFIC

Over the last three decades, Bangladesh’s private sector has become one of the strongest pillars of the national economy. Industries such as ready-made garments, banking, telecommunications, logistics, pharmaceuticals, and information technology have transformed the country into one of South Asia’s fastest-growing economies. Millions of people now depend on private-sector jobs for their livelihoods, and countless families rely on the stability of these professions.

However, behind this economic growth lies a reality that many professionals experience every day but hesitate to discuss publicly. The crisis in Bangladesh’s corporate culture is not limited to low salaries or job insecurity alone. There are deeper issues in the workplace environment like excessive working hours, office politics, favoritism, lack of transparency, and other psychological pressures.

One of the most frustrating issues for job seekers is the lack of transparency. Many companies publish job circulars without mentioning salary ranges, benefits, or clear job responsibilities. Candidates often attend multiple interview rounds without knowing whether the offered salary matches expectations. Many also spend time and money travelling for interviews, only to receive no feedback afterwards. In some cases, positions are informally filled through internal references before the recruitment process begins.

This perception of “reference culture” has weakened trust in merit-based hiring. Many professionals believe that mid-level and senior-level recruitment is often influenced more by personal relationships and lobbying than by competence. Promotions and salary growth are also widely seen as dependent on loyalty to individuals rather than performance. As a result, many capable professionals feel discouraged and undervalued, and this also creates long-term inefficiency in organisational performance and talent retention.

Another major concern is working hours. In many organisations, employees are expected to remain available long after official hours. Late-night calls, extended meetings, and weekend work have become normal, especially in operational roles such as supply chain, sales, and administration. Many employees report being contacted even after midnight, while overtime compensation is often not provided. At the same time, companies may strictly deduct salary for minor delays, creating an imbalance that reduces motivation and fairness while gradually building frustration among employees.

However, some multinational companies demonstrate better practices by paying overtime fairly and respecting working hours. This shows that balanced and humane workplace systems are possible when organisations prioritise professionalism, structured policies, and employee well-being instead of only output.

Office politics is another growing issue. Many employees feel that honesty and straightforward communication are sometimes treated as weaknesses. Those who avoid internal lobbying or favouritism often face limited career growth opportunities. Many professionals also believe that organisational decisions are sometimes influenced by internal groups or informal networks rather than merit, which reduces trust, weakens teamwork, and discourages long-term loyalty.

Communication culture in some workplaces can also be a concern. In certain organisations, strict hierarchy discourages employees from sharing ideas, asking questions, or providing feedback. This limits creativity and creates a fear-based environment where obedience is valued more than innovation or open discussion.

Mental health has become an increasingly serious issue. Long hours, job insecurity, toxic competition, and constant pressure are affecting employees’ psychological well-being. Many report stress affecting family life, sleep quality, and social relationships. Over time, such conditions reduce productivity, creativity, and long-term employee engagement, and also increase burnout and resignation rates across industries.

Leadership quality is another area that needs improvement. In some cases, promotions are based on loyalty rather than managerial skill or proven capability. This results in leaders who may lack communication ability, emotional intelligence, or strategic thinking. Such gaps often lead to unnecessary complexity in decision-making, delayed approvals, and inefficient work processes, which ultimately affect organisational performance and employee morale.

Despite these challenges, Bangladesh’s private sector still has strong potential for growth. However, sustainable progress requires more than economic expansion; it requires ethical leadership, transparency, structured systems, and healthier workplace environments that respect human dignity as much as productivity.

Several reforms could significantly improve the situation—mandatory salary range disclosure in job advertisements, transparent recruitment and promotion systems, stronger enforcement of labour laws, fair overtime compensation, reduced workplace favouritism and political grouping, better work-life balance policies, leadership development and accountability training, and greater emphasis on mental health and employee well-being would collectively create a more transparent, fair, and supportive corporate environment.

Corporate culture directly influences national productivity, economic stability, and human development. A country cannot progress sustainably if its workforce remains overworked, undervalued, and mentally exhausted. Bangladesh’s next stage of development must therefore focus not only on economic indicators but also on building fair, transparent, and humane workplaces. Open discussion of these issues is essential, not to weaken the private sector, but to strengthen its future.

Soud Bin Faisal is a business professional with over 13 years of experience working with several multinational corporations and corporate groups.​
 

Bonded warehouse benefits to cover all exporters: finance minister

Star Business Report

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The government will allow all exporters to import required materials duty-free for the production of export items, Finance and Planning Minister Amir Khosru Mahmud Chowdhury said yesterday.

To that end, the bonded warehouse facilities will be extended to any exporters producing goods for overseas markets, not just the garments industry, he said at a pre-budget roundtable organised by the Dhaka Forum Initiative at Hotel Sarina in Dhaka.

“We will no longer tolerate any form of harassment over bonded warehouses. We are significantly simplifying the rules and regulations. Anyone exporting any product from Bangladesh will be allowed bonded warehouse facilities,” Khosru said.

This would allow exporters in promising sectors such as jewellery and diamond cutting to avail themselves of bonded warehouse facilities under back-to-back LC arrangements, according to the minister.

He added that sweeping changes to the bond licence renewal process will be made to improve the ease of doing business.

“Businesses will no longer need to renew bond licences every year,” he said. “Even the annual audit requirement is being removed. Instead, audits will be conducted only once every three or five years,” the minister said.

Stating that there was a lot of opposition to extending the facilities to other sectors, Khosru said, “But I have made it clear that no excuses will be accepted. Those engaged in exports will receive this facility without any tariffs or duties.”

The finance minister said the highest level of corruption occurs in taxation, which is why the government is placing the greatest emphasis on digitising the tax system.

“We can no longer allow businesses to bear huge costs from the time goods arrive at ports until they are released. Reducing the cost of doing business is one of our key priorities,” he added.

Simeen Rahman, group CEO of Transcom, said deregulation and reducing the cost of doing business are essential for Bangladesh’s growth.

“That is the biggest impediment to actual growth,” she said, referring to bureaucratic red tape and inefficiency.

She stressed that attracting foreign direct investment requires reforms in taxation, transparency and the simplification of processes.

Tanvir Ghani, special assistant to the prime minister for investment and capital market affairs, said the government is prioritising deregulation to attract investment and support the country’s next generation of businesses.

“The biggest initiative being taken in this budget is deregulation,” he said, adding that entrepreneurs are “just fed up even before they’ve opened their factories and businesses because of red tape.”

“When the announcements are made on deregulation in the next few weeks, I think you’ll all be happy,” he added.

Sharif Zahir, managing director of Ananta Group, demanded special incentives for man-made fibre (MMF) products to ensure the sustainable growth of the garment sector and attract new investment.

He also demanded that the bond licence approval process be made fully corruption-free and easier.

He added that cotton-based incentives should be withdrawn and the focus should shift to new sectors, such as synthetic fibres and man-made yarns.

“If we provide incentives there, we will be able to handle the 30 percent tariff pressure.

A five-year special incentive policy could be introduced, where support starts at a higher rate and gradually decreases over time,” he said.​
 

Unlocking Bangladesh’s night-time economy

THE night-time economy refers to the range of economic and social activities that continue between evening and early morning, including restaurants, cafés, transport services, retail trade, tourism, healthcare, logistics, cultural events, digital services and informal businesses. In many countries, these activities have evolved into major drivers of employment, urban dynamism and consumer spending. Yet in Bangladesh, particularly in urban centres, the potential of the night-time economy remains largely underdeveloped despite rapid urbanisation, digital expansion and changing lifestyles. As cities grow denser and economic activity becomes increasingly service-oriented, the question is no longer whether Bangladesh has a night-time economy, but whether it is prepared to manage and benefit from it in a structured way.

One of the strongest arguments for expanding the night-time economy lies in employment generation. Restaurants, food delivery services, app-based transport platforms, shopping centres, hospitals, customer support centres and entertainment venues already sustain limited forms of after-hours economic activity. The rise of freelancing, outsourcing and IT-enabled services has further strengthened the feasibility of a 24-hour urban economy, as many professionals work according to foreign time zones rather than local office schedules. Economic activity in Bangladesh is therefore already extending beyond conventional daytime operations, although without the policy recognition or infrastructure support needed for sustainable expansion.

The growth of the night-time economy could also reshape urban consumption and domestic tourism. Middle-class lifestyles, particularly among younger populations, are changing rapidly. Cafés, rooftop restaurants, music events, cinemas, bookstores and recreational spaces have become increasingly visible parts of urban culture. Yet most cities fall economically silent after late evening because of weak infrastructure, inadequate transport, security concerns and restrictive social attitudes. Cities that remain active at night generally attract greater consumer spending, stronger tourism activity and more diversified local businesses. Urban centres such as Chattogram, Sylhet and Cox’s Bazar could potentially develop regulated night markets, food streets and cultural districts capable of attracting both domestic and international visitors.

Women’s participation is another important dimension of this discussion. Increasing numbers of women are employed in shopping malls, fashion houses, beauty services, customer support and other urban service sectors. However, women’s involvement in night-time economic activities remains heavily constrained by harassment, unsafe transport, poor street lighting and insecurity in public spaces. A functioning night-time economy cannot develop through commercial expansion alone; it also requires safer urban environments. Improved policing, reliable public transport, pedestrian-friendly streets and gender-sensitive urban planning would not only support women’s economic participation, but also broaden their access to public space and entrepreneurship.

The transport and logistics sector presents additional economic opportunities. Severe traffic congestion continues to impose major economic costs on urban Bangladesh. Expanding selected commercial operations at night could reduce pressure on daytime traffic while improving efficiency in cargo movement, wholesale trading, e-commerce logistics and supply-chain management. Many countries already rely on night-time logistics systems to improve urban productivity. Bangladesh has already seen partial growth in this area through food delivery platforms and e-commerce operations, suggesting that the foundations of a broader night economy are already emerging.

The cultural and creative sectors could benefit significantly as well. Bangladesh possesses strong traditions in music, theatre, literature, handicrafts and street food culture, yet much of this cultural economy remains weakly commercialised because cities lack organised night-time cultural spaces. Establishing safe and regulated cultural districts could create income opportunities for artists, musicians, food vendors and small entrepreneurs while strengthening urban identity and social interaction. Such spaces may also contribute to reducing the social monotony and isolation often associated with congested urban life.

Despite these possibilities, several structural barriers continue to limit the growth of the night-time economy. Public safety remains one of the most significant concerns. Fear of harassment, mugging and insecurity discourages many people — especially women — from staying outside late at night. Weak law enforcement, inadequate street lighting and unreliable transport systems intensify these anxieties. Social attitudes also play a role. Night-time mobility is often viewed with suspicion, particularly for women, which limits broader acceptance of after-hours urban activity.

Infrastructure limitations further complicate expansion. Most Bangladeshi cities lack reliable late-night public transport, pedestrian-friendly roads, emergency support systems and coordinated urban management for extended economic operations. Power shortages, poor waste management, noise pollution and weak institutional coordination reduce the viability of many night-time businesses. Small entrepreneurs additionally face licensing difficulties, bureaucratic complexity and corruption, discouraging investment in new ventures. Without addressing these foundational weaknesses, attempts to promote a vibrant night-time economy may remain fragmented and uneven.

Unlocking the economic potential of the night-time economy therefore requires a broader policy framework rather than isolated commercial initiatives. Urban development strategies should incorporate after-hours economic planning alongside investments in public safety, smart lighting systems, surveillance infrastructure and dependable late-night transportation. Public-private partnerships could support designated night markets, entertainment districts and cultural zones. Universities, local governments and business associations may also contribute through research and pilot programmes focused on sustainable night-time urban management. At the same time, public awareness efforts are needed to challenge outdated social attitudes and normalise safe, productive participation in urban night life.

The night-time economy remains one of Bangladesh’s least explored avenues for economic diversification, employment generation and urban revitalisation. While security concerns, infrastructural weaknesses and social conservatism continue to constrain its growth, changing lifestyles and digital transformation indicate considerable future potential. If managed through inclusive planning, stronger public safety and effective regulation, the night-time economy could evolve into an important component of Bangladesh’s long-term urban and economic development.

Dr Nasim Ahmed is a former additional secretary to the government and currently works as associate professor of public policy at the Bangladesh Institute of Governance and Management.​
 

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