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[🇮🇳] IIT Kanpur unveils Analaksya stealth tech to make objects invisible to radar

Krishna with Flute
Date Occurred: Nov 27, 2024
Story by India Today Education Desk
• 1h • 2 min read

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IIT Kanpur has introduced a groundbreaking innovation in stealth technology with its AnÄlaká¹£hya Metamaterial Surface Cloaking System (MSCS). This cutting-edge system is designed to make objects almost invisible to radar, offering significant advancements in defence and national security.


Developed by a team of researchers and students from IIT Kanpur, the AnÄlaká¹£hya MSCS is a textile-based broadband metamaterial microwave absorber.

Its unique capability lies in its ability to absorb radar waves across a wide spectrum, rendering Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging ineffective.

This means better protection against radar-guided missiles and enhanced stealth capabilities for modern warfare.

The innovation reflects India's growing self-reliance in defence technology, with over 90% of its materials sourced domestically. After extensive testing from 2019 to 2024, the technology proved effective in various operational conditions.

It has been licensed to Meta Tattva Systems Pvt. Ltd. for manufacturing, marking a critical step towards its deployment by the Indian Armed Forces.


IIT Kanpur, stealth technology, AnÄlaká¹£hya MSCS, stealth technology, invisible to radar, radar invisibility, defence innovation, SAR imaging, metamaterial, Made in India, microwave absorber, defence technology, national security

IIT Kanpur, stealth technology, AnÄlaká¹£hya MSCS, stealth technology, invisible to radar, radar invisibility, defence innovation, SAR imaging, metamaterial, Made in India, microwave absorber, defence technology, national security
Stealth technology is a critical asset in today's technologically advanced battlefields, where radar surveillance systems dominate. By absorbing radar waves, AnÄlaká¹£hya MSCS reduces detectability and increases the survivability of equipment and personnel.

It strengthens India's operational capabilities and offers a significant strategic edge in maintaining national security.


The launch event was attended by prominent defense officials, including Air Marshal Ashutosh Dixit, Air Marshal Rajesh Kumar, and Lt. Gen. Cherish Mathson, who commended the IIT Kanpur team for their innovative efforts.

The system not only represents a leap in stealth technology but also highlights the collaboration between academia, industry, and the armed forces.

Source: MSN

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[🇮🇳] DRDO and IIT Delhi showcase breakthroughs in quantum communication technologies

Krishna with Flute

DRDO and IIT Delhi showcase breakthroughs in quantum communication technologies​

Story by Statesman News Service
• 14h • 2 min read

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DRDO and IIT Delhi showcase breakthroughs in quantum communication technologies

DRDO and IIT Delhi showcase breakthroughs in quantum communication technologies© Provided by The Statesman
The DRDO Industry Academia–Centre of Excellence (DIA-CoE) at IIT Delhi showcased groundbreaking advancements in quantum communication technologies here on Tuesday. These technologies, developed through collaborative efforts, emphasise entanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD) for secure communication systems.


A separate field test has demonstrated entanglement distribution and QKD over 8 km of optical fibre in the IIT Delhi campus. In another initiative of quantum research, Free-space Entanglement distribution was demonstrated using the BBM-92 protocol, a key QKD method, between two tables separated by 20 metres in the lab and 80m in the open space. This experiment demonstrated short-range quantum communication in a free-space setup.

In an innovative experiment, hybrid entanglement has been demonstrated in a free-space environment, achieving a Quantum Bit Error Rate (QBER) of around 6% in the laboratory over a distance of 10m in the lab. In addition, QKD systems supporting multiple independent channels driven by a single source are also being explored with promising results. These open the door for more flexible, multi-protocol quantum communication systems.


In achieving the above breakthrough, an all-fibre heralded photon source with a second-order correlation function (g² ~ 0.01) at rates reaching hundreds of kHz is developed. This innovation is vital for single-photon generation, a critical requirement for secure quantum communication. An all-fiber entangled photon source has also been developed with high visibility. The Bell test parameter for this source is more than 2.6, exhibiting strong quantum entanglement, which is essential for protocols like BBM-92.

For free-space quantum communication experiments, a free-space heralded single-photon source has been demonstrated with a heralding rate of over 4 million counts/sec. This development enables robust free-space quantum communication. Following India’s First Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) demonstration between the cities of Prayagraj and Vindhyachal, separated by 100 km, by DRDO labs and IIT (D) in February 2022, many new initiatives have been taken by DRDO and IIT (D).


In addition, indigenization of various components like quantum sources and detectors is initiated. These include single photon sources on LNOI, SNSPD and periodically poled non-linear crystals. These projects are launched at IIT Delhi in collaboration with DRDO labs like DYSL-QT and SSPL and funded by the Directorate of Futuristic Technology Management under its deep tech initiatives aimed at fostering cutting-edge innovations in defence technology.

Through its projects at the DIA-CoE, IITD and DRDO have created a strong national footprint in QKD with breakthroughs in fibre and free space areas. Quantum communication holds significant potential for enhancing security in strategic sectors, such as defence and finance, by providing robust and tamper-evident communication channels.

The DRDO Industry Academia–Centre of Excellence (DIA-CoE) is a collaborative initiative between DRDO and IIT Delhi, established at IIT Delhi. The CoE is developing various quantum communication technologies like the development of fibre and free-space (polarisation/hybrid photon-based) Quantum Key Distributions Technologies, Quantum Sources, Quantum Detectors, and Non-linear Crystals.
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[🇧🇩] D-8 Organization and Bangladesh for Economic Cooperation

Saif
An opportunity to strengthen trade relations
Md Abu Saim 27 November, 2024, 00:00

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EGYPT will host this year’s D-8 Summit (Developing-8) Organisation for Economic Cooperation, bringing together leaders from member states, namely Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Turkey, targeting talks on boosting trade, investment, exports, and economic collaboration among each member. Meanwhile, Bangladesh is positioned to enhance its trade and business opportunities with other fellow member countries. Egypt has sent a formal invitation to chief adviser Dr Muhammad Yunus to attend the summit scheduled to be held on December 19, 2024.

As part of the country’s efforts to diversify its trade arrangements and reduce dependency on certain export materials, strengthening economic ties and collaboration within the bloc provides overwhelming opportunities for Bangladesh in the near future.

Strategic move to strengthen trade relations

THE D-8 countries have an overwhelming prospect, as the collective market of the bloc accounts for 1.1 billion people (1/7 of the world’s population) and 14 per cent of global trade (700 billion Dollars). Established in 1997 by the then Turkish prime minister Necmettin Erbakan, to achieve an economic and political unity among Muslim countries, D-8 aims at fostering economic cooperation among member states’ positions in the global economy, diversifying and creating new opportunities in trade relations, and ensuring their strong participation in decision-making mechanisms at the international level. With a market of over 1 billion people and a combined GDP of approximately $5 trillion, it is an attractive space for Bangladesh’s expanding export base. The traditional market of Bangladeshi exports is dominated by a high concentration of ready-made garments, mainly to the United States and European Union.

However, long since economic diversification has become a priority to Bangladesh, and despite aspirations, a lack of effective market research has barred progress in exploring so. Unlike regional trade agreements, D-8 operates within a global framework, providing Bangladesh with opportunities to explore new export destinations and expand its traditional strongholds. With the country’s growing potential in textiles, garments, agricultural products, pharmaceuticals, and leather exports, engagement with D-8 nations offers new channels for economic reshuffling and market diversification. This opportunity emerges at a time when both the country’s reconstruction is ardent and the global supply chains are being redirected to look forward to new trade alliances to reduce overreliance on specific countries.

The purpose and objectives of D-8 synchronise the economic goals of Bangladesh, offering a significant potential for elevating its economy on the world stage. Over the years, the organisation has focused on improving trade and investment, aiming at its goals of fostering economic cooperation and development among member states.

Targeted sectors for enhanced trade

AS PER D-8’s economic opportunity, Bangladesh should work with all the member states to unlock its potential from sectors like agro-processing to ICT. The country is going to be benefitted if its major agricultural commodities, including rice, jute, tea, shrimp, leather, mangoes, and other food products, find greater market opportunities through intra-D-8 trade. On top of that, the country’s thriving pharmaceutical industry can easily locate its market in countries like Nigeria, Pakistan, and Egypt, which are investing heavily in healthcare and medicine. Besides, the growing ICT sector can easily position itself to collaborate with markets of its counterparts. Moreover, Bangladesh has a lot to import from states like Turkey and Iran, particularly in the defence sector, with opportunities to share technologies for building greater resilience to the country’s national security.

Bangladesh maintains the most trade volume with Indonesia in the D-8 bloc, surpassing $6 billion of trade every year, importing mostly palm oil, coal briquettes, refined petroleum, and cement, as well as exporting ready-made garments and agricultural goods. The recent trade developments with Pakistan could be a significant event to strengthen ties in the D-8 meeting, as introducing a direct shipping line between Pakistan and Bangladesh for the first time has reduced transit time. Turkey, with a lot of trade potential for Bangladesh, can be a major destination for Bangladeshi exports. Bangladesh can act as a gateway for Turkey’s Asia New Initiative in the ASEAN countries; in return, Turkey can act as a gateway for Bangladeshi exports to European countries. Malaysia is one of the largest sources of foreign direct investment in Bangladesh. The country is important as it is a key destination for Bangladeshi migrant workers and sources of remittances, as well as the two countries having trade agreements in place that encourage businesses further between them. While the trade volumes with Pakistan, Iran, Egypt, and Nigeria are typically lower, enhanced cooperation and collaboration within the bloc can be significant for economic growth and development.

Perhaps an important breakthrough for the platform would be materialising a currency swap deal. Amid the ongoing economic volatility, D-8 has been mulling the idea of a currency swap deal for the last few years between the member states to create a more viable trade framework. For Bangladesh, such an initiative is highly desirable, especially in the context of a depleting foreign exchange reserve.

Bangladesh’s leadership role in D-8

BANGLADESH’S current leadership role as the chair of the D-8 provides it with an opportunity to shape the organisation’s future direction. Since its chairmanship of the organisation, the country has brought attention to certain aspects, including trade facilitation, infrastructure development, and market access. Member states also commended Bangladesh during its Dhaka Declaration in 2021 for realising the theme of the summit to address mutual interests.

While in the upcoming summit, Bangladesh can continue advocating initiatives that not only benefit its economy but also mutual development of the member states that obtain the bloc’s objectives. By leveraging the organisation’s political economic strength, the member states may attain the goals of the organisation, including strong participation in decision-making mechanisms at the international level. Particularly, the crisis in Gaza has left the world dumbfounded, while the inability of the Muslim world to solve the issue is evident. Here in particular, Bangladesh has a lot to intervene with this global economic arrangement, as the country’s brilliant, freedom-loving population is a key factor for bringing change both in the global marketplace as well as in world politics.

Md Abu Saim is a development worker in the migration sector, working for WARBE Development Foundation.​
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[🇧🇩] ISKCON and its activities in Bangladesh

Saif
Ex-ISKCON leader arrested at HSIA

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Chinmoy Krishna Das Brahmachari

Former ISKCON leader Chandan Kumar Dhar, alias Chinmoy Krishna Das Brahmachari, was arrested from Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport area in Dhaka yesterday afternoon.

Rezaul Karim Mallick, additional commissioner of Dhaka Metropolitan Police and chief of the Detective Branch, said a team of detectives arrested him in connection with a case filed in Chattogram.

Earlier on October 31, a case was filed with Kotwali Police Station in Chattogram, accusing Chinmoy, spokesperson of Sammilita Sanatani Jagaran Jote, and 18 others.

Firoz Khan, the then general secretary of Mohora ward BNP, filed the case on charges of disrespecting Bangladesh's national flag in Chattogram's New Market area during a rally of the Hindu community on October 25.

Firoz, however, was expelled from the party over "anti-party" activities a day after filing the case.

According to the case statement, the incident occurred on October 25, when some youths reportedly placed a saffron-coloured flag over the Bangladesh flag on the Shadhinata Sthombho (independence pillar) at the Zero Point near the New Market intersection during a rally organised by the Hindus under the banner of Sanatan Jagaran Mancha.

PROTESTS

Protesting the arrest of Chinmoy, former divisional organising secretary of the Chattogram ISKCON (International Society for Krishna Consciousness), hundreds of people from the Hindu community gathered at Cheragi Pahar intersection in the port city around 6:00pm yesterday. They brought out a procession and demanded his immediate release.

Kazi Tarek Aziz, additional deputy commissioner (public relations) of Chattogram Metropolitan Police, said police have been deployed there to prevent any untoward incident.

In the capital, hundreds of members of the Hindu community, including ISKCON supporters, came out on the streets and blocked the Shahbagh intersection in the evening to protest the arrest.

Witnesses said around 200 ISKCON supporters gathered there, disrupting traffic movement. Tensions escalated when another group, armed with sticks, confronted the demonstrators, resulting in clashes.

The ISKCON supporters were eventually beaten and forced to leave the area.

Contacted, AKM Shahabuddin Shaheen, officer-in-charge of Shahbagh Police Station, said, "An unidentified group initially blocked the Shahbagh intersection, but another group soon intervened and dispersed them."

Processions were brought out also in Rangpur, Dinajpur and Narayanganj to protest the arrest.

Meanwhile, the Hindu-Bouddha-Christian Oikya Parishad in a statement condemned the arrest.

Its presidents Ushaton Talukder, Prof Dr Nim Chandra Bhowmik, and Nirmal Rozario, and acting general secretary Manindra Kumar Nath demanded the release of the Sammilita Sanatani Jagaran Jote spokesperson Prabhu Chinmoy Krishna Das Brahmachari in the interest of the nation.

They said the arrest has the potential to tarnish Bangladesh's global image on the issue of freedom of expression and human rights.​
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[🇨🇳] China’s Emergence as a Superpower

E
The Emeritus Chair in Strategy at CSIS is issuing a report written by Anthony H. Cordesman that compares the key trends in civil and military power in the United States, developed democracies, China, and Russia. The report is entitled China’s Emergence as a Super Power: A Graphic Comparison of the United States, Russia, China, and Other Major Powers. A downloadable copy is attached at the end of this announcement, and it is available on the CSIS website at https://csis-website-prod.s3.amazon...df?VersionId=PfyIjoITze29gpLxIY8kFOsuXzqLikV5.

The graphs, maps, and tables in this report only highlight a limited range of the complex changes involved, and reliable data are often lacking for the years after 2020. They still show, however, that the civil and military role of the world’s major powers is in a process of dramatic and unpredictable change.

The Key Impact of China’s Emergence as a Major Global Economic Power​

China has emerged as an economic superpower that rivals the United States in many ways, although the total economic power of modern democracies—most of which are strategic partners of the United States—vastly exceeds the size of the Chinese economy, trade efforts, and efforts in technology and research and development. China also faces major internal challenges created by outside restrictions and economic sanctions, its handling of Covid-19, and state interference in its economic development.

Nevertheless, China is already competing with the economies of developed democratic states on a global level. Its “belt and road” efforts to establish economic ties to developing states and control critical minerals and resources. It may succeed in creating a rival economic bloc that can function and grow outside the “rules-based order” democracies created after World War II, and it is already competing in its relations with a number of developing states and other countries.

The trends presented in this report show that this competition may well become an ongoing confrontation between China and its allies, and developed democracies and their strategic partners, unless radical changes take place in Chinese policies and leadership. And—as is discussed shortly—is a growing level of civil confrontation that is being matched by military confrontation as well.

Russia’s Diminished Global Economic Role​

The following graphics show that Russia is not an economic superpower now that it has lost control of most East European states and many of the Central European and Asian elements of the former Soviet Union. Russia has long lagged badly in total economic growth, trade, research and development, and all the other major areas of economic power. Russia’s size, geographic position, and large oil and gas reserves do, however, still make it a key global power.

Key Uncertainties in the Civil Impacts of Economic Power

It should be stressed, however, that current trends can only tell part of the story. Any analysis of economic and civil power will be shaped by many key trends that cannot be quantified. They include the longer-term impacts of the economic stresses between and within developed states, the impact of internal politics, the impact of demographic change and population pressure, and the impact of global warming. They also include the degree to which the developed democracies can succeed in cooperating and creating truly functional economic strategic partnerships. As yet, governments often rely far more on rhetoric about such cooperation than on taking tangible action, although there are positive indicators as well.

The graphics in this analysis also do not include the developing world. Here, the allocation of international economic power has generally favored developed states. As the UN, World Bank, IMF, and a host of NGO reports make clear, many states have failed to move towards effective development and face major challenges from failed or corrupt governance, repression and internal division, population pressure, limited water supplies, and climate change. For all the former rhetoric about globalism, this includes at least one-third of the world’s nations.

At the same time, there are cases like India, where the trends in global power could move in other directions. While they are not yet positive enough to include in this analysis, India has overtaken China as the world’s most populous state, has a GDP of some $9.3 trillion, and ranks high in terms of total military spending. Several major petroleum states in the Gulf are taking positive steps to develop beyond a reliance on energy exports, as are some states in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. For all the failings in the developing world, they are also important potential successes.

The Impact of Trends in Military Power​

The graphs and tables that follow show that the United States remains the world’s largest military power, the one with the most combat experience and highest levels of total spending and investment in modernization, and the one with the strongest strategic partners.

It is also clear, however, that the United States already faces growing competition from China, particularly in the Pacific and in the Indian Ocean as well. In the case of Taiwan, competition has already turned to serious confrontation and the risk of war. Once again, China has vastly increased its capabilities since 1990, as well as its military links to other Asia power. Much depends on the United States’ ability to strengthen its strategic partnerships with Japan, South Korea, Australia, the Philippines, and other Asian states—as well as European states with major power projection capabilities like Great Britain and France.

The Uncertainties Driven by the War in Ukraine​

At the same time, the United States and its strategic partners face a major challenge from Russia and one that current U.S. national strategy tends to seriously understate. As the graphics show, Russia may not have an economy that can fully support its present conventional forces, but it remains a major threat to the United States’ European strategic partners and NATO, and the Russian military threat must be given equal priority with that from China.

The trends shown in this analysis do not generally go beyond 2021 and cannot reflect the many longer-term changes in the military balance that are growing out of the war in Ukraine. It is clear, however, that the United States and its NATO allies are engaged in major proxy war, supporting Ukraine in its defense against Russia. They also are already rebuilding NATO’s overall level of extended deterrence against Russia, and doing so at a time when Vladimir Putin, Russia’s leader, has made it clear that he sees NATO as a major and continuing threat.

There is no current way to predict how the war in Ukraine will change the overall balance of military power and how and when it will end. It seems almost certain, however, that as long as Putin rules Russia, the United States and the rest of NATO will be engaged in a new Cold War, and one which will effectively match a similar Cold War between the United States and its strategic partners in Asia and China.

A Return to Nuclear Forces​

As the final sections of this analysis also show, these two Cold Wars have a major nuclear dimension. The race to build up conventional military power is, in some ways, being outpaced by a new nuclear arms race. This race not only reflects the near collapse of nuclear arms control but a potential return to major tactical, theater, and dual-capable nuclear forces. It also is clear that Russia is now only a supe power to the extent it has inherited a massive legacy of nuclear weapons and technology from the former Soviet Union.

Full report attached.

@Jiangnan @Lulldapull @ThunderCat @Bagheera0084 @Sharma Ji @Vsdoc @Bilal9 @Vikings @Mb444 @SurvivoR @Saif @ghazi
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[🇪🇬] Egypt’s purchase of a Chinese fighter jet is a reminder Cold War tactics are back in the Middle East

E

The reported agreement for Egypt to buy the Chinese Chengdu J-10C 4.5 generation fighter jets is part of a broader shift from focusing on modernizing ground troops to bolstering the air force. The details of the deal have not yet been published. Nonetheless, it reveals Egypt has two motivations beyond backing its arsenal with another fighter jet.

Elusive Western technology​

The most important motivation for Egypt’s military diversification strategy (and the biggest source of frustration) is the perceived Western technology starvation.

A quick examination of the map around Egypt shows that the most significant perceived threats to its national security are located in remote places where Egypt doesn’t traditionally enjoy ground troops’ presence. These include Ethiopia, the Southern Red Sea, Libya and the vulnerability a potential Israel–Iran regional war would create. From the generals’ perspective in Cairo, this list is more than a catalyst to build a modern and capable long arm.

@Jiangnan @LegionnairE @ThunderCat @Lulldapull @TheNewb77 @PakistanProud @Sharma Ji @Vsdoc @Krishna with Flute @Bilal9 @Saif
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