General Whatever

General Whatever
ghazi
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Bilal9 said:
One of the major rebellions was the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 and there were several regional uprisings, primarily in Bengal after 1857, whose leadership was educated by the British since the British ran India from Calcutta (Babus from Bengal were frequently judges, administrators and high grade civil servants appointed all across India). The British were however quite racist throughout (in addition to economically exploiting India quite mercilessly) and almost never fraternized with Indians, resulting to their eventual ouster from India.

Approximately 6,000 British individuals died during the Sepoy Mutiny, also known as the Indian Rebellion of 1857. This figure includes both military personnel and civilians.

Reportedly 300,000 Mutineers also died during the Mutiny and the famine that followed.



Sepoy Mutiny of 1957

Outbreak​

On 29 March 1857, at Barrackpore (just north of Calcutta), Sepoy Mangal Pandey of the 34th Bengal Native Infantry attacked his officers. When his comrades were ordered to restrain him, they refused. But they stopped short of joining him in open revolt.

Despite only a handful of soldiers having been involved, the entire regiment was disbanded in disgrace. Many sepoys elsewhere thought this too harsh a punishment.

The Mutiny proper began at Meerut (near Delhi) on 10 May 1857. Eighty-five members of the 3rd Bengal Light Cavalry, who had been jailed for refusing to use rifle cartridges they believed to be at odds with their religion, were broken out of prison by their comrades. They ransacked the nearby military station, killing any Europeans they could find.

Trouble spreads​

The situation rapidly escalated and the British response was slow. The following day, Delhi fell to the mutineers.

News of these events spread, encouraging further mutinies elsewhere. Eventually, all 10 of the Bengal Army's light cavalry regiments and most of its 74 native infantry regiments were affected.

Some units were disarmed before they had the chance to mutiny. In other cases, British officers refused to believe their men would rebel until it was too late. Not everyone who mutinied took up arms against the British. Many simply went home and refused to assist either side.

Confined to Bengal​

At the outbreak of the rebellion, there were only 35,000 British soldiers in the entire Indian subcontinent, and these were widely scattered. Reinforcements took months to arrive.

Fortunately for the British, it was almost exclusively soldiers of the Bengal Army who mutinied. The Company’s Madras and Bombay Armies were relatively unaffected, and other Indian units - including Sikhs, Punjabi Muslims and Gurkhas - supported the British.

This was partly due to their fear of a return to Mughal rule. But they also had little in common with the high caste Hindu sepoys of the Bengal Army.

Rulers join the rising​

Discontent was also high among local rulers, who were angered by the Company’s annexation of native states. Most notorious was the 1856 deposition of the Nawab of Oudh on the grounds that he was unfit to rule.

Equally unpopular was the policy of lapse, which said that the lands of any ruler who died without a male heir would be forfeit to the Company. Princes and maharajahs, along with their courtiers and soldiers, found themselves unemployed and humiliated.

These marginalised people, seen as having the authority to lead a campaign against the British, were in many cases a natural focal point for mutineers. And although they may have preferred to deal differently with the British, the arrival of rebel sepoys at their gates often forced them to take up the cause.

Other rulers remained neutral or felt that more could be gained by supporting the British.

Religious and social revolt​

Thousands of common people joined the revolt. Some for religious reasons, others out of loyalty to their old rulers or simply to engage in looting.

Many wanted to destroy the system by which the Company collected taxes. Peasants, who had been forced to switch from subsistence farming to export crops in order to meet increasing tax demands, needed little encouragement to rebel.

Rebel divisions​

It was not a unified revolt. While all wanted the British gone, notions of ‘Indian-ness’ were rare. Most of the sepoys hoped to restore Mughal rule under Bahadur Shah. But the inhabitants of Oudh wanted their Nawab back, and the people of Jhansi wanted their old state restored.

The revolt was also divided on religious lines. Most sepoys were Hindus, but other rebels were Muslims fighting a holy war.

More here.

www.nam.ac.uk

Decisive events of the Indian Rebellion | National Army Museum

The rebellion that broke out in 1857 was the biggest threat to Britain's colonial power during its rule of the Indian subcontinent.
www.nam.ac.uk www.nam.ac.uk

View attachment 22051

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What was the British Raj?

The British Raj was the administration of India by Britain, the government having taken over that role from the East India Company after the Indian Rebellion.
www.britishempire.me.uk www.britishempire.me.uk
Click to expand...

Shocking. Only 35,000 British soldiers were enough to rule India...

So only the Bengalis really resisted the British?

@Lulldapull
 
Lulldapull said:
Hendu-pak phaeg:

View attachment 22049
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Understanding the Reversion of Domestic Pigs to Feral Pigs​

Definition of Feral Pigs​

Feral pigs are domestic pigs that have escaped or been released into the wild. They live as wild animals and can also include hybrids with wild boars. Over time, these pigs can develop characteristics similar to their wild ancestors.

Process of Reversion​

Domestic pigs can quickly revert to feral traits within just a few generations. This transformation includes:

  • Physical Changes: Their coats may change color, and they can develop tusks.
  • Behavioral Changes: Feral pigs tend to become more aggressive compared to their domestic counterparts.

Factors Contributing to Reversion​

Several factors influence the reversion of domestic pigs to feral pigs:

  • Escape from Captivity: Damage to fences, such as from wildfires, can lead to pigs escaping into the wild.
  • Rapid Reproduction: Feral pigs reproduce quickly, with sows capable of having multiple litters each year, leading to a swift increase in population.

Environmental Impact​

Feral pigs can cause significant ecological damage. They are opportunistic omnivores, primarily consuming plant matter but also preying on small animals. Their foraging behavior disrupts local ecosystems, making it difficult for native plants and animals to thrive.

Conclusion​

The reversion of domestic pigs to feral pigs is a rapid process influenced by environmental factors and their reproductive capabilities. This transformation poses challenges for ecosystems and agriculture, highlighting the importance of managing feral pig populations effectively.
 
Jiangnan said:
Shocking. Only 35,000 British soldiers were enough to rule India...

So only the Bengalis really resisted the British?

@Lulldapull
Click to expand...

Yes - this was largely the case, and then - mostly led by High Caste Bengalis (both Hindu and Muslim) who were better educated. But Bengal in those days included most of Eastern India, including UP, Punjab, Bihar, Orissa (Odisha). most of modern day Pakistan, Myanmar and most of the NE Seven Sister Indian states.

You see - most of India was still ruled by Princely states who paid tithes to the British. The British ruled a few pockets may be amounting to a total of 50%. This was divided into British ruled "presidencies" - such as the Bengal presidency, the Madras presidency, the Bombay presidency etc.

If you understand these historical demarcation lines drawn by the British (and why they marked them as such), a lot of the cultural demarcations of India will become clear to you.

en.wikipedia.org

Bengal Presidency - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org



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Sharma Ji said:
niice, this one will be visible from India !

timesofindia.indiatimes.com

Chandra Grahan 2025: When is the lunar eclipse and where can you see it in India? - The Times of India

Trending News: India will witness the second lunar eclipse of 2025, also known as Chandra Grahan, on September 7th. The total lunar eclipse will be visible across th
timesofindia.indiatimes.com timesofindia.indiatimes.com

monsoon likely to play spoilsport, certainly across the deccan.
Click to expand...
www.space.com

A blood moon is coming: Here's what you need to know about the total lunar eclipse on Sept. 7

Start preparing now to catch next month's dramatic total lunar eclipse.
www.space.com www.space.com
 

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