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Wars 2022 02/24 Monitoring Russian and Ukraine War.

Wars 2022 02/24 Monitoring Russian and Ukraine War.
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Doomed to fail: Unaccountability in Ukraine's plight
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It is not only Russia that Zelensky is fighting a war against; it is also the Ukrainian press—as confirmed by the US Department of State. Photo: REUTERS

Just as the Soviet Union fell, the United States proudly acknowledged Francis Fukuyama's famous claim that both Nazism and communism had been defeated, and adopted the grand strategy of the liberal international order. Yet, in a paradoxical twist, the US is now funding the Azov Brigade in Ukraine, a neo-Nazi militia founded and armed by the Ukrainian ministry in 2014 which the White House itself had banned in 2018. This complex and contradictory nature of US foreign policy reveals a crack in the edifice of supporting a democratic, benign Ukraine against an autocratic, aggressive Russia.

As Republican Senator Lindsey Graham once said, Ukrainians "will fight to the last person." This deeply troubling declaration summarises two primary sentiments that are prevalent among Western elites. First, as political scientist John Mueller concluded, Americans are highly sensitive to the loss of American lives, but there is a marked indifference to the casualties suffered by foreigners. Second, as some analysts opine, the US objective in this war isn't Ukrainian prosperity, but something else.

Examining the US posture on Ukraine reveals a broader strategy where its primary objective is to weaken Putin's regime militarily, politically, and socially, rather than prioritising the well-being and sovereignty of Ukraine. This tactic is exemplified in Joe Biden's remarks about how Russian President Vladimir Putin "cannot remain in power," Lindsey Graham's tweet that "the only way" to end this war is a Russian insurgency and regime change, Canadian deputy prime minister's parliament speech advocating the "entire vanquishing" of Putin, and the similarly aligned worldviews of the governments of UK and Sweden.

While this geopolitical objective of the "collective West" takes precedence, the true cost of the war is borne by Ukrainian citizens who continue to suffer immense casualties, displacement, and incalculable losses. A report by The New York Times referred to at a US congressional hearing indicates that Ukrainians have suffered more deaths than Russians. This ever-increasing Ukrainian death toll is painting a grimmer picture of the country as its military is being bled to white by Russia.

Apart from relentless Russian bombardment, Ukraine's vulnerabilities are appearing stronger as videos of forced conscription of young Ukrainians are circulating on social media. Its average military age is now 43, and the balance of power decisively favours the Russians. There are certainly no metrics in this war that ensures a Ukrainian victory, since the regime is facing collapsing manpower, airpower, and artillery stockpile. No amount of Western aid can rectify this imbalance, since the US itself does not have the industrial capacity to produce adequate artillery and munitions for Ukraine. Russian defence production outnumbers that of the US and Europe combined by three to sevenfold, as reported by NATO intelligence and Estonian intelligence, respectively.

It is not only Russia that Zelensky is fighting a war against; it is also the Ukrainian press—as confirmed by the US Department of State. However, international coverage of Ukrainian domestic politics remains critical of the current leadership. Zelensky's decisions to cancel elections, fire unit heads of different ministries, and the growing discontent among Ukrainian public, vividly portray a nation in internal turmoil—all of which have "shaken the confidence" of the West in his regime. Both parties "have hit their lowest ebb," according to Ukrainian officials. Biden's decision not to attend Ukraine's peace summit in Switzerland has also made Zelensky "very irritated," fueling speculations that the US views Ukraine as a lost cause.

Moreover, unrest is not confined to Ukraine alone. Fractions within the European Union are experiencing uproar as well. The defeat of leftist and centrist parties in EU polls reflect that the public opinion is aligned with those political parties that oppose Ukrainian complicity. Amid that, talks of forced conscription are circulating among the German political class. Even the former defence minister of the UK compared the inadequate support to Ukraine with a failed European leadership. So, in an effort to increase Europe's support for Ukraine, Emmanuel Macron and Olaf Scholz recommended Ukraine use French and German missiles to attack the Russian homeland just as Biden approved using US missiles to hit Russian territories.

These developments have influenced Russia to implement a series of diplomatic initiatives. Its latest bilateral partnership with North Korea aims to provide mutual assistance in the face of an attack. Russia's Eurasian Security Framework aims to align with other nations to counter NATO, and its Vietnam partnership further solidifies this strategy. Furthermore, Moscow has offered yet another peace deal just a day before Ukraine's peace summit, aiming to establish Russia's eagerness to end the conflict sooner. Unsurprisingly, the US rejected the deal almost immediately. Putin foresaw this as he mentioned that the essence of this proposal is to end the conflict, not freeze it, "as the West wants".

Meanwhile, Washington has offered everything to Ukraine but a NATO membership. So far, Zelensky has received a 10-year security guarantee, $60 billion in aid, a $50 billion loan, and foolhardy guidance. It is no surprise that he lambasted NATO several times for not holding up its promises. Since the US understands that NATO membership for Ukraine means crossing the "Russian red line," something which the Head of NATO himself acknowledged, it is prolonging this losing war simply to put up a fight against Putin's regime. But in reality, such action is allowing Russia to turn Ukraine into a dysfunctional rump-state.

At this crucial stage, one might think it is time for the West to explore potential exit strategies or negotiate a settlement that minimises losses. But as can be seen with the 10-year security guarantee Washington has provided, this is not likely to occur anytime soon.

"There is no faith in Kyiv," laments Sergey Lavrov, the Russian Foreign Minister. After what happened with the peace talks, upholding trust has become difficult for Russia. When the 2014 Minsk Accords progressed towards mutual agreement, its key architects—German Chancellor Angela Merkel, French President François Hollande, and Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko—walked out from the negotiation and later explicitly admitted that they were deceiving Vladimir Putin to buy Ukrainians time. What's ironic is Angela Merkel herself opposed NATO enlargement to Ukraine in 2008 and said that this move would be interpreted as a "declaration of war" by Russia.

Fast forward to post-invasion, Zelensky declared in March 2022 that Ukraine will not join NATO and proceeded to cut a deal at the Istanbul Communiqué in April 2022. However, Washington and London influenced Kyiv to withdraw, as confirmed by then Israeli Prime Minister Naftali Bennett, who was part of the negotiations himself. This concludes that Russia has already been betrayed twice with these negotiations, which demands Putin become more stringent in future peace deals.

In the present landscape, the future looks dismal for Ukraine. Last summer's much awaited counteroffensive, the record-high sanctions, and hundreds of billions in loans and aid—all have failed miserably. With Russia standing stronger than ever, Ukraine will have no relief as the war will be prolonged. It will lose more territory and most importantly, more lives. The West, meanwhile, will certainly escape accountability, just as it was able to after previous NATO quagmires in Iraq, Libya, Afghanistan, Vietnam, Yugoslavia, and elsewhere.

Sirazum Monir Osmani is an analyst at a start-up.​
 
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Interesting US-bias article by Forbes, they claim North Korea is supplying ammunition for obsolete Russian heavy howitzers (M-46).

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Russia's 'New' Artillery Piece Is A 70-Year-Old Behemoth Firing North Korean Shells.

To make good for losses in Ukraine, the Kremlin is pulling hundreds of old M-46 howitzers out of long-term storage.
David Axe
Forbes Staff
David Axe writes about ships, planes, tanks, drones and missiles.



Jul 17, 2024,11:18am EDT

A Soviet M-46 in 1964.

A Soviet M-46 in 1964.

THOMAS TAYLOR HAMMOND PHOTO

Russian ground forces went to war in Ukraine in February 2022 with around 5,000 artillery pieces and rocket launchers. Twenty-eight months later, they've lost no fewer than 1,400 of the guns and launchers to Ukrainian action.


But combat losses aren't the only drag on Russia's artillery corps. More than two years of hard fighting have worn out the barrels on many howitzers—and also depleted Russia's pre-war ammunition stocks.

Increasingly desperate for heavy firepower and struggling to manufacture new artillery and shells, the Kremlin has opened up storage yards from the early Cold War and guns that were obsolete decades ago. And to arm them, the Russia has turned to a new ally: North Korea.

The 1950s-vintage M-46 howitzer is indicative of this new dynamic. The 8.5-ton, eight-person gun fires a 130-millimeter shell as far as 17 miles at a rate of five shells a minute. It's a powerful weapon—but heavy, hard to transport and manpower-intensive. Which is why, in the 1970s, the Soviet army replaced the M-46s with more efficient 152-millimeter howitzers.

Steep losses of those newer guns—and the depletion of Russia's pre-war stocks of artillery barrels and shells—drove the Kremlin back in time. A year or so into the wider war in Ukraine, the M-46s' drawbacks were no longer disqualifying. At that point, the alternative to old artillery was no artillery.

As of 2022 there were 665 M-46s in reserve in Russia, according to @highmarsed, an analyst who scrutinizes satellite imagery of Russian storage yards. By February 2024, around 65 had been removed. And now the pace of the reactivation is increasing.

A video that appeared on social media early this month depicts M-46s on a train apparently bound for the front line. "They have probably taken about half of the stored 130-millimter M-46 from storage," @highmarsed concluded last week.

That's 330 or so powerful—but old and heavy—replacement howitzers for the firepower-starved Russian force in Ukraine. Russian factories no longer produce 130-millimeter rounds, but North Korean factories do—so it should come as no surprise that videos have appeared online depicting Russian M-46s firing North Korean shells.

The howitzer ammo is the fruit of Moscow's closer military ties to Pyongyang—ties that have alarmed Kyiv and Seoul and prompted the latter to boost its financial support for the former.

With its powerful shell and decent range, the M-46 is particularly useful as a "counterbattery" weapon—that is, a howitzer for destroying other howitzers. That the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency's conclusion when it scrutinized North and South Korean artillery holdings in 2009. The CIA called the M-46 the "most effective counterbattery weapon in Korea."

But the Russians may struggle to transport and support the big guns along the 700-mile front line in Ukraine. The Russian military has lost so many vehicles in Ukraine—not just tanks and armored personnel carriers but also trucks and artillery tractors—that it's begun equipping front-line regiments and brigades with civilian-style all-terrain vehicles and dirt bikes.

It should go without saying that a 1.5-ton ATV can't tow an 8.5-ton M-46.

The other problem for the Russian gunners who are about to receive 70-year-old M-46s is that they're going to depend on foreign largess for their ammunition. North Korea and Iran are the only major manufacturers of 130-millimeter shells.

To keep its new old howitzers in action, Moscow will have to maintain good relations with Pyongyang and Tehran.

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Sources:

1. @highmarsed:
2. Oryx: https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2022/02/attack-on-europe-documenting-equipment.html
3. Central Intelligence Agency: https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP84S00553R000100070002-0.pdf
 
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Russia deploys cheap drones to locate Ukraine's air defences
REUTERS
Published :
Jul 26, 2024 19:13
Updated :
Jul 26, 2024 19:13

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Paths of bullets are seen during a Russian drone strike, amid Russia's attack on Ukraine, in Kherson, Ukraine July 26, 2024. Photo : Reuters/Stringer/Files

Russia has begun including new, cheaply-made drones in its long-range attacks on Ukraine, to try to identify air defences, film any damage and act as decoys, a Ukrainian military spy official said.

The two new types of drone, which Russia has used in five drone attacks in the last two to three weeks including an overnight strike on Thursday, are produced from materials like foam plastic and plywood, the official told Reuters.

One type carries a camera and a Ukrainian mobile phone SIM card to send images back to the Russian military.

"They identify where our mobile groups are positioned, where the machine guns are that can destroy them. They're trying ... to get a picture of where all our air defences are located," said Andriy Cherniak, a military spy agency spokesperson.

The previously unreported details from Cherniak are further evidence of Russia seeking to adapt its tactics and try new technology to gain an edge during its daily missile and drone strikes on Ukrainian cities and infrastructure.

Iranian-designed Shahed attack drones, which fly to their target and detonate on impact, have become a staple of Russian aerial attacks since they began being used in the first year of Russia's full-scale invasion launched in February 2022.

Ukraine, which has been appealing to the West to provide more air defences to repel increased Russian airstrikes on its power facilities since March, tries hard to conceal the locations of its air defence systems.

The new Russian drones with cameras do not carry explosives but closely resemble regular Shahed drones and fly with groups of them, Cherniak said.

The second new type of drone contains no explosive charge or only a small one and is being used as a decoy, Cherniak added.

Because it is virtually indistinguishable from a regular attack drone from the ground, it still needs to be shot down, revealing where Ukraine's air defence systems are located.

He said the new drones probably cost as little as $10,000 each despite their long range, making them far cheaper to produce than air defence missiles.

The drones can also fly at an altitude of 1,000 m (3,000 ft), putting them out of range of machine guns and automatic rifles, he said.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine has served as a testing ground for drone warfare technology, with both sides using attack and reconnaissance drones on the battlefield extensively. Kyiv has poured energy into domestic drone production to narrow the gap between its strike capabilities and Moscow's, staging long-range drone attacks on Russian targets including oil refineries.

Russia says its long-range aerial attacks are used to degrade Ukraine militarily. Ukraine says Russia's attacks have hit civilian buildings and caused serious damage to civilian energy facilities and loss of civilian life.

Russian troops occupy around 18% of Ukrainian territory and have been making incremental gains in the east in recent months, putting Kyiv on the back foot along a 1,000-km (600-mile) front line.​
 
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EU transfers 1.5 billion euros from frozen Russian assets to Ukraine
REUTERS
Published :
Jul 26, 2024 16:47
Updated :
Jul 26, 2024 16:47

1722038077246.webp

Ursula von der Leyen attends a press conference after her re-election for a second term as President of the European Commission, at the European Parliament in Strasbourg, France, July 18, 2024. Photo : REUTERS/Johanna Geron/Files

The European Union will transfer 1.5 billion euros in proceeds from frozen Russian assets to Ukraine, European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said on Friday.

Western countries blocked around $300 billion worth of sovereign Russian assets after Moscow sent troops into Ukraine in February 2022.

Last month the Group of Seven major democracies and the EU agreed to use interest earned from the frozen Russian assets to support a $50 billion loan for Ukraine, aiding its defence against Moscow's invasion. Russia has vowed legal action.

"Today we transfer 1.5 billion euros in proceeds from immobilised Russian assets to the defence and reconstruction of Ukraine. There is no better symbol or use for the Kremlin's money than to make Ukraine and all of Europe a safer place to live," von der Leyen said on social media platform X.

Ukrainian Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal thanked the EU.

"Thank you von der Leyen and the EU for your steadfast support and this significant contribution to Ukraine's defence and reconstruction. Together, we are turning adversity into strength and building a safer, more resilient Europe," he said.

EU member states have been discussing options to extend the renewal period of sanctions on Russian central bank assets in order to secure the G7 loan for Ukraine, according to an EU draft document and statements from diplomats, Reuters reported on Wednesday .​
 
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Russia claims capture of another Ukraine village
Agence France-Presse . Moscow 28 July, 2024, 00:41

Russia on Saturday claimed the capture of another village in eastern Ukraine's Donetsk region amid heavy fighting as Moscow's forces advance towards the city of Pokrovsk.

The defence ministry said Russian troops 'liberated' the village of Lozuvatske, about 24 kilometres east of Pokrovsk and near the Russian-occupied small town of Ocheretnye.

Ukraine has not confirmed the village changing hands.

Kyiv's defence ministry said early Saturday that Ukrainian forces had halted 37 Russian attacks in the Pokrovsk area.

The hardest fighting was near the village of Novooleksandrivka, it said. This village is around two kilometres from Lozuvatske and was claimed by Russia last month.

On Saturday, Russian aerial bombing of the Donetsk region hit the town of Myrnograd close to Pokrovsk and the town of Kurakhove further south.

At least five people were wounded including an 11-year-old child who was in the yard of a private house, regional prosecutors said.

The head of the Donetsk regional administration Vadym Filashkin posted images of the aftermath, including an apartment block with windows blown out and debris strewn on the street.

'Not a day passes without Russian shelling. Protect yourself—evacuate!' he appealed to residents.

In the northern Sumy region, a 14-year-old boy was killed and 12 wounded, six of them children, by Russia firing rocket launchers on the centre of the city of Glukhiv near the border with Russia, prosecutors said.

In the southern Kherson region, a 67-year-old man was seriously wounded by Russian shelling of the town of Bilozerka a few kilometres from the Dnipro river, the military administration said.

Ukraine's foreign minister Dmytro Kuleba visited China this week and said during talks that Kyiv was prepared to negotiate with Russia when it shows itself willing to hold talks 'in good faith'.​
 
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Fifth Indian killed fighting in Ukraine for Russia
Agence France-Presse . New Delhi 30 July, 2024, 00:19

An Indian soldier died fighting with Russian forces in Ukraine, one of his relatives said Monday, the fifth confirmed death so far of an Indian citizen in the conflict.

Hundreds of Indians are among the thousands of foreign soldiers Moscow is believed to have hired to bolster its forces, and New Delhi has urged their repatriation.

Prime minister Narendra Modi met Russian president Vladimir Putin in Moscow this month and was 'given assurance' to that effect, India's foreign ministry said.

Ravi Moun, 22, went to Russia in January after he was promised a job in transport by a private recruitment agent, his brother Ajay told AFP by phone.

But he was later given weapons training and forced to join fighting on the frontier with Ukraine in March.

'After losing contact with him, I approached the Indian embassy in Moscow and they informed us that my brother has died,' Ajay said, adding the family was asked by the embassy to send DNA samples to identify Moun's body.

Ajay said his brother had returned from the frontier once, but was later taken to fight again.

It was unclear when he had died.

'We lost contact with him after that,' Ajay said, adding that his family had appealed for help from Modi to bring Moun's body back.

More than two years since Russia's invasion began, tens of thousands of its soldiers have been killed in Ukraine, and Moscow has been on a global quest for more troops.

India's foreign ministry said last week that the government was still working with Russian authorities to bring back around 50 Indians fighting alongside the Russian army.

Four other Indian soldiers have died so far this year, according to local media reports.

Indian authorities have arrested several people accused of trafficking citizens of the country to fight for the Russian army after promising them non-combatant roles.

Unemployment remains high in India despite rapid economic growth and huge numbers seek work abroad each year.

That includes thousands who had sought employment in Israel after labour shortages sparked by the war against Palestinian militants in Gaza.

India is a longstanding ally of Russia and has shied away from explicit condemnation of the invasion of Ukraine.

Modi said he had discussed the conflict 'openly and in detail' during his meeting with Putin this month, calling for peaceful dialogue and adding that 'war cannot solve problems'.​
 
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Family of Indian man killed in Ukraine war waits for his remains
REUTERS
Published :
Jul 29, 2024 20:49
Updated :
Jul 29, 2024 20:49
1722299296212.webp

Ravi Moun looks on in this undated handout photo. Photo : Ravi Moun family/Handout via REUTERS

Relatives of an Indian man who died in Russia have said he was killed after being forced to fight in the war against Ukraine, and are petitioning the government to bring his body back to his village in the northern Haryana state.

Several men and their families have contacted India's foreign ministry over the last few months saying they were duped into travelling to Russia with the promise of jobs or education only to be forcibly recruited into its army, officials at the ministry said.

At least four other people have been killed in the violence, they say.

Ravi Moun, 21, travelled to Russia in January after being contacted by an agent who promised him a job in the transport sector, his relatives told Reuters.

Once there, however, he was forced to fight in the war.

Moun's family last spoke to him on March 12 and had been trying to contact the government for help in tracking him down ever since, they said.

"If he (Moun) knew he would have to fight, he would not have gone...why would he go where death could be waiting?" said Sonu Mator, his cousin, adding that the family needed the government's help to bring back the body.

"We do not have the money to arrange for it ourselves," Mator said.

A letter from the Indian Embassy in Moscow last week informed Moun's relatives of his death without elaborating on the circumstances under which he died, according to The Indian Express newspaper.

"The Russian side had confirmed the death," wrote Gloria Dung Dung, the second secretary at the embassy, the newspaper reported.

Officials from India's foreign ministry did not respond to requests from Reuters for comment.

Moun's death comes days after Russia promised New Delhi that Indians duped into joining its army would be discharged, opens new tab.

The Russian Embassy in India has also said that Russia is committed to finding the "earliest possible solution".

India has arrested at least four people associated with the racket.

The South Asian nation has refused to condemn Russia's war with Ukraine and instead called for peace through dialogue and diplomacy.​
 
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