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[🇧🇩] Hasina's fall and media personalities of Bangladesh and beyond

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Stars with spine: Media personalities who voiced out for students

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Visual: Mahiya Tabassum. Photos: STAR & collected.

"The hottest places in Hell are reserved for those who, in a period of moral crisis, maintain their neutrality," wrote Italian poet Dante Alighieri in his famous "Inferno".

This quote was widely circulated on social media during the peak of the student-led quota reform protest, which evolved into an anti-government movement. This protest became one of the most significant and largest mass uprisings the country has seen since its independence.

In such challenging times, when protesters and civilians were indiscriminately killed, wholesale arrests, block raids, and a nationwide internet shutdown violated citizens' fundamental rights, keeping the nation on edge for weeks– only a few had the courage to raise their voices against the oppression and injustice.

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Photo: Anisur Rahman

As early as July 15, violent clashes erupted between student protesters and Bangladesh Chhatra League (BCL) activists at Dhaka University, resulting in around 300 injuries. In response, a wave of support emerged from celebrities, with some courageously criticising the former Awami League-led government's harsh response to the students' demands. The following day, six people were killed amid the clashes.

On July 16, veteran actor and freedom fighter Sohel Rana, renowned cultural figure Ramendu Majumdar, noted playwright Mamunur Rashid, Actors Equity Bangladesh General Secretary Rawnak Hasan, actor Niloy Alamgir backed quota reform. Meanwhile, director Ashfaque Nipun, filmmaker Mishuk Moni, author Mohammad Nazimuddin, director Khijir Hayat, actors Pori Moni and Sadia Ayman voiced their concern in a straightforward manner and criticised the former ruling party for hard-handling the protesters.

Filmmaker Mishuk Moni criticised the former government's tendency to label dissenters as traitors, saying, "In this country, speaking against the government labels you a traitor. Criticising any government official's corruption also makes you a traitor. Participating in a movement for rightful demands makes you a traitor."

On July 17, bands Artcell, Chirkutt, Shironamhin, Arbovirus, and Bangla Five joined the chorus of support. Arbovirus stated, "Quota reform is now a demand of the time." Tasrif, vocalist of Kureghar, rasied questions, "Doesn't your heart tremble when you beat another human? Those who are demanding their rights, are they so unknown to you?"

Actors Shobnom Bubly and Puja Chery raised concerns about violence. Puja stated, "What kind of freedom is this? Such violence towards women in an independent country is unacceptable. I strongly condemn it."

Sina Hasan from Bangla Five was among the first to boycott the former government-funded "Joy Bangla Concert", saying, "As an artiste, I am boycotting it. I do not want to be invited to this sycophantic concert either as an artiste or an audience member."

On July 18, as the government deployed 229 platoons of Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB) nationwide to maintain law and order amid the "complete shutdown" announced by quota reform protesters and at least 29 were killed, the country's prominent celebrities– Shakib Khan, Chanchal Chowdhury, and Afran Nisho–added their voice to the chorus of dissent. They mainly voiced concern about the injured and killed protesters. Notably, in a poetic approach, Afran Nisho, who is a son of a freedom fighter, posted a poem to express his concern.

On the same day, rapper and barrister Towfique Ahmed announced on Facebook that his law firm, Bangladesh Law Partners (BDLP), would provide assistance to the protesters. Meanwhile, Ziaul Faruq Apurba proposed to Sheikh Hasina's government to provide a solution instead of taking a violent approach.

Following a government-directed 150-hour internet blackout, services resumed on July 23, leading to increased online activism against the oppression of Sheikh Hasina's regime. On July 30, the Student Against Discrimination (SAD) Movement announced new programme rejecting government's call for nationwide mourning for victims killed in the recent violence. Following the announcement, social media platforms were flooded with red profile pictures in solidarity.

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Photo: Sheikh Mehedi Morshed

Director Mostofa Sarwar Farooki was among those who joined this campaign. He posted a lengthy status on his official Facebook page with typing assistance as he was physically unwell. In his post, he raised voice against the oppression, questioning the accountability of those in power.

Director Shihab Shaheen posted a photo featuring the children killed in recent violence on that same day. Referring to former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina's metro rail visit, Shihab said, "I used to see leaders and public figures visiting the homes of the affected or distressed, offering comfort, inquiring about their well-being, embracing them, and sometimes even apologising. Where has that culture gone?"

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Photo: Collected

Actress Sadia Ayman wrote a sarcastic post on her social media handle hinting at the artistes who visited BTV station and mourned over inanimate objects. Popular content creator Salman Mohammad Muqtadir stood with the students since the initial days of the protests and provided assistance to them on ground.

A vast array of celebrities showed support by changing their profile pictures red, including filmmakers, directors, actors, musicians, and popular Bangladeshi bands. The list included names such as Kamar Ahmad Simon, Akram Khan, Amitabh Reza Chowdhury, Leesa Gazi, Sadia Khalid Reeti, Siam Ahmed, Azmeri Haque Badhan, Zakia Bari Mamo, Oni Hasan, Zohad, Arafat Kazi, Prince Mahmud, and many more.

On August 1, visual artistes, under the platform "Association of Visual Media Artistes", organised a protest rally at Farmgate intersection in Dhaka. Notable attendees included Ashfaq Nipun, Azmeri Haque Badhan, and Nazia Haque Orsha.

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Photo: Orchid Chakma

Badhan, Bangladesh's only actress to officially attend the Cannes Film Festival, emotionally expressed, "It could have been my daughter at the protest, she could have lost her life." The actress teared up as she was saying this. "Any state that kills its own people to assert power, cannot be a democracy. The government has to take responsibility for this."

As of August 2, between 150 and 266 people have died in connection with the protests, at least 10,769 individuals, many of them students, have been arrested in 673 cases across the country since July 18.

Just three days before Sheikh Hasina's resignation, on August 2, the "Artistes Against Genocide and Oppression" platform organised a rally of resistance. This diverse group included writers, musicians, photographers, and artists such as Mustafa Zaman, Rahnuma Ahmed, Imtiaz Alam Beg, and Arup Rahee, Bithi Ghosh, among others,

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Photo: Orchid Chakma

Following Sheikh Hasina's resignation on August 5, celebrities rejoiced as the student-led movement brought new dawn for Bangladesh. However, they also, put forth words of caution.

"How my independence was taken away on this day three years ago, mother nature takes its revenge," posted Pori Moni on her Facebook, soon after the news of Sheikh Hasina's resignation was announced nationwide.

Later on, she showed her concern over attacks on police stations, and several other places across the country. "We want peace—no more looting, attacking police stations, or revenge. Let's be restrained and responsible. We don't want any more bloodshed in our beloved Bangladesh."

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Photo: Collected

Ashfaque Nipun posted, "Bangladesh is now FREE from the long rule of the tyrant Sheikh Hasina! Thanks to the quota reform students and the people of my country for making this possible. This is just the beginning. We will continue to work on reforming our homeland."

Sadia Ayman sarcastically remarked, "Madam (Sheikh Hasina), it's good you've stepped down, but you should have presented the National Award to those who were waiting for them before you left," hinting at the potential candidates for the prestigious National Award who remained pin-drop silent during such a national and moral crisis in our country.

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Photo: Sheikh Mehedi Morshed

Salman Mohammad Muqtadir said, "This so-called Gen-Z has rescued us from the most monstrous dictator ever…I salute you, Gen-Z. You are our heroes."

Warning the citizens to remain vigilant, Mostofa Sarwar Farooki said, "We will certainly celebrate this victory! However, we must also exercise restraint and stay vigilant. After 20 years of vengeance-driven politics, we will respond with kindness and empathy. Let's remain alert over the next few days… Together we stand strong."

This unprecedented display of solidarity from Bangladesh's entertainment industry played a crucial role in amplifying the voices of the protesters and shaping public opinion during this pivotal moment in the country's history. Their courage in speaking out against injustice, even in the face of potential repercussions, set a powerful example for future generations and somewhat contributed to the eventual success of the movement.​
 

Shakib Khan urges national unity following Sheikh Hasina's resignation
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Photo: Shahrear Kabir Heemel

Bangladesh Army Chief Waker-uz-Zaman announced the resignation of former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina and the formation of an interim government yesterday at 4pm.

Following this, Dhallywood king Shakib Khan took to social media this morning to address the public, emphasising a shared responsibility among all citizens.

In his Facebook post, he stated, "The goals of everyone involved in the students against discrimination (SAD) movement have been achieved. The students who protested have won. However, the joy of this victory should not overshadow our love and responsibility towards our country and its people."

"Now, more than ever, we need to be compassionate. Always remember: our country, its people, its reputation, and its resources come first. Regardless of race, religion, or caste, everyone should feel safe, and the nation's resources should be safeguarded. Let us continue this effort. It is our moral, social, and national duty," he added.​
 

Indian stars vocal about the Bangladesh, here's what they have to say
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Photos: Star and collected

The violence and unrest during the quota reformation movement could not be hidden from the world. The brutality was evident, and cries of anguish were echoed by artistes from various countries around the globe. From mid-July, many Indian artistes including Swastika Mukherji, Anjan Dutta, Kabir Suman were active on social media and kept an eye on the protest.

Their posts spoke against the brutality inflicted on students and innocent people by the ruling party and its law enforcement.

Nachiketa Chakraborty's eagerly awaited performance at the Krishibid Institute in the capital, initially set for July 26, was postponed to a later date, September 6, by the event organising body, Ajob Karkhana. They recently unveiled the new official date to the media.

Nachiketa, showing remarkable determination, insisted on performing in Dhaka despite unrest and advice from West Bengal's CM Mamata Banerjee to cancel. Ultimately, the organisers decided to reschedule the concert.

On August 4, Anjan Dutta shared a particularly notable video that surfaced on social media, capturing a bird's-eye view of the crowd with the audio of Dwijendralal Roy's timeless classic "Dhono Dhanne Pushpe Bhora." The video went viral, resonating beyond Bangladesh's borders and being shared in West Bengal, where people praised the beautiful unity displayed.

He captioned the video, "It actually sounds so beautiful." Bangladeshi netizens thanked the singer in the comments and expressed their appreciation for the love and support. In response, Anjan Dutta replied, "Lots of love."

Following the resignation of Sheikh Hasina from her position, many artistes have now called for standing with the people of Bangladesh, and some have expressed their wish for the people of Bangladesh to quickly find peace and for the unrest to be resolved.

Bollywood actress Sonam Kapoor posted on Facebook, "This is horrible ... let's all pray for Bangladeshi people."

Another Bollywood actress and Member of the Indian Parliament, Kangana Ranaut, spoke about the safety of the citizens of Bangladesh. Her post read, "Bharat is the original motherland of all Islamic Republics around us. We are honoured and flattered that the honourable (former) Prime Minister of Bangladesh feels safe in Bharat, but all those who live in India keep asking why Hindu Rashtra? Why Ram Rajya? Well, it is evident why!!! No one is safe in Muslim countries, not even Muslims themselves. Unfortunately, whatever is happening in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Britain. We are lucky to be living in Ram Rajya."

Yesterday, Kabir Suman posted a song that he freshly composed for the newly achieved independence with the earnest effort and sacrifice of the students and citizens of Bangladesh. "Muktir Ei Alo// Bangladesh Jalalo// E Lorai Muktir Gaan//

He sang this song hoping for a newly formed liberal Bangladesh and dedicated it to all the people who contributed to this achievement.

West Bengal actor and producer Jeet hoped that peace would be restored soon. "In this difficult time for Bangladesh, my prayers are with the people. The events that are coming to light are very unfortunate. Witnessing such tragic scenes is heartbreaking. I hope we will get through this tough time very soon. Every life is precious, and it must be protected at all costs. May peace prevail."

Actress Swastika Mukherjee has been actively posting on social media regarding the entire issue, yesterday she posted, "When the state has oppressed students, people stood by the students, forgetting caste, religion, and differences. Today, when the Hindus of the country are facing threats, it is the students who must confront this. There is no alternative. The responsibility for this must be borne by the activists. They must also bring about the solution."

Sonu Sood expressed his concerns over the attacks on minority communities in Bangladesh following the resignation of the prime minister. Sharing a video of a victim urging for safety, he wrote, "We should do our best to bring back all our fellow Indians from Bangladesh so they can have a good life here. This is not just the responsibility of our government, which is doing its best, but also all of us."​
 

Stars voice hopes for new Bangladesh after Sheikh Hasina's resignation
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Photos: Collected

As the protest for quota reform swiftly transformed into a historic student movement, it culminated in the resignation of former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina and the fall of her government. Celebrities who participated in the movement have expressed their joy and hope on social media.

On Monday, a massive crowd surged towards Shahbagh, including many prominent stars. At 4pm, in a speech to the nation, Army Chief General Waqer-uz-Zaman announced the formation of an interim government. In response, several celebrities shared their immediate reactions and aspirations for the future.

Maqsoodul Haque

The renowned musician remarked, "This is a historic moment. The students have achieved this. Generation-Z has zero tolerance for any nonsense. I envision a future Bangladesh free of conflict, with the active involvement of all political parties. I desire freedom of speech and fair elections for all."

Prince Mahmud

The lyricist expressed his thoughts, stating, "The entire credit for this victory goes to the students. The public joined forces with the students. This achievement taught us that the politics of revenge, hatred, and vengeance have no place anymore. We need restraint and must maintain discipline. Violence, conflict, and destructive acts are unacceptable. We must remember the sacrifices of young lives and learn from the consequences of clinging to power. We should also recall the harms of partisanship and sycophancy. Let's not forget these lessons. This generation fought for their rightful demands and a brighter future for all."

Nazia Haque Orsha

"The genocide committed by the Awami League government over the past few days has deeply disturbed me. The students and the people of Bangladesh did not accept this, leading to a swift uprising. It's incredible that this generation brought the country to this point over a small incident. I salute this generation. Now, I envision a clean Bangladesh, where freedom of speech is upheld. People should be able to call good things good, bad things bad, justice justice, and injustice injustice. I hope that those who come into power will have the courage to do these things. There is some chaos in various places right now, which I don't hope for. The country has found its solution; now it's time to build a beautiful nation."

Zakia Bari Mamo

The actress remarked, "The fact that the students achieved this is a monumental, extraordinary feat. I applaud them and extend my best wishes. The future construction of Bangladesh must be done with great dedication and intelligence. Whoever leads this country next will have millions of Bangladeshis eagerly awaiting a beautiful nation."

Nazifa Tushi

The actress said, "This victory is a triumph of truth. The students and youth got what they wanted. It is an unprecedented victory. The students have a proud history, and they have shown that unity can achieve anything. My heartfelt congratulations to them. Hundreds of students, workers, and civilians lost their lives in this movement, and I remember them today. Now, we will return home, hoping for a peaceful country. We await a nation free from discrimination."​
 

The violence must end now: Badhan

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Photo: Collected

Actress Azmeri Haque Badhan has been a vocal advocate for students throughout the Anti-Discrimination Students' Movement. She was at the forefront during the Drissho Madhyam Shilpi Shomaj (Visual Artistes Collective) protest last Thursday.

Following Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina's resignation and departure from the country today, some civilians have engaged in acts of vandalism, including attempts to destroy the sculpture of Bangabandhu. There have also been incidents of arson targeting the homes and buildings of politicians, as well as attacks on Hindu residences.

Addressing these issues, Azmeri Haque Badhan called for an end to the violence and chaos. She stated, "I urge everyone to stop getting involved with violent activities and arson immediately. Please remain calm and go home peacefully. The reports of communal violence are deeply troubling and must end at once. Our hard-earned freedom is meaningless if our Hindu brothers and sisters and other minority communities are attacked."

While expressing her pride in standing against authoritarian rule, she strongly condemned the violence occurring across the country. "This revolution should not be marred by unjustified attacks. We urge protesters to stay calm and allow the army to engage in direct dialogue with the students, who have once again protected our nation. Let us work together for a peaceful resolution and a bright future. Please go home and reject all forms of violence," she concluded in her statement.​
 

Celebrities rejoice as student-led movement brings new dawn for Bangladesh
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Photos: Star and Collected.

What began as a protest for quota reform quickly evolved into a historic student movement that led to Sheikh Hasina's resignation and the fall of her government.

Celebrities who participated in the protest have shared their joy on social media:

Ashfaque Nipun posted, "Bangladesh is now FREE from the long rule of the tyrant Sheikh Hasina! Thanks to the quota reform students and the people of my country for making this possible. This is just the beginning. We will continue to work on reforming our homeland."

"Madam, it's good you've stepped down, but you should have awarded the national honors to those who were waiting for them before you left," said Sadia Ayman.

"We will certainly celebrate this victory! However, we must also exercise restraint and stay vigilant. After 20 years of vengeance-driven politics, we will respond with kindness and empathy. Let's remain alert over the next few days. We are committed to building a humane and democratic society. Lastly, a salute to the Bangladeshi youth and everyone from all walks of life. Together we stand strong," said Mostofa Sarwar Farooki.

Mehazabien Chowdhury posted "Independence" with images of the flag and a heart.

"Allahu Akbar! Allah, this so-called Gen-Z has rescued us from the most monstrous dictator ever. They achieved what the world and other countries could not. We owe them our lives. May Allah bestow immense mercy and blessings on this generation that sacrificed so much. I salute you, Gen-Z. You are our heroes," said Salman Mohammad Muqtadir.

Tasnia Farin wrote, "The power of Bangladeshi students."

"Game over! It's been proven that pride leads to downfall. Everyone will eventually face the consequences of their actions," said Shihab Shaheen.

"Students and citizens, now is the time to build a new nation where history will not repeat itself—a humane and democratic one," said Shohel Mondol.

Ziaul Faruq Apurba shared Sabina Yasmin's popular song "Ekti Bangladesh Tumi Jagroto Jonotar."

ABM Sumon wrote, "I will always remember with a heavy heart those who sacrificed their lives for us to witness this historic moment! Bangladesh 2.0."

"All praise is due to Allah! Oppression is never lasting," said Ziaul Hoque Polash.

Quota reform movement 2024 | March ahead together, with determination: Farooki
Tanjin Tisha posted "Bangladesh" with an image of the country.

Alif Alauddin wrote, "I can't believe this. You did it. Here I am, crying in Florida."​
 

Caught in the crossfire: Should artistes bear the brunt of political affiliations?

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Photos: Collected

On August 5, the former prime minister Sheikh Hasina stepped down amid a surging student-led anti-discrimination movement. The shift in power since her ousting has sparked widespread transformations, with people from the entertainment industry not being spared from the turmoil. Many actors, linked to certain political identities, now find themselves in precarious positions.

Following the former government's fall, numerous prominent stars have seemingly vanished from the public eye, with many artistes retreating from social media. A few have even faced attacks due to their political affiliations.

In a surprising turn of events, actor Ferdous Ahmed has been unaccounted for since August 5. Ferdous, who was elected as the Member of Parliament for Dhaka-10 in the last national election under the Awami League banner, is rumoured to have fled to India. However, some speculate that he may still be in the country.

Similarly, actor Riaz has also gone into hiding. Although there's no record of his direct political involvement, Riaz was frequently seen in the front row at various Awami League-led events, raising questions about his current whereabouts.

The situation is no different for former Awami League parliamentarian and renowned musician Momtaz. She has also disappeared from the public eye. The singer was first elected to Parliament in 2008 from a reserved women's seat and later secured a seat in the 2018 National Assembly elections.

In a related development, on August 13, Shomi Kaiser stepped down as the president of the E-Commerce Association of Bangladesh (E-CAB), an organisation representing e-commerce companies. Having distanced herself from acting for several years, Shomi Kaiser had been deeply involved in business and politics. She, too, has ties to the Awami League.

Actor Chanchal Chowdhury has faced criticism for remaining silent during the student protests, despite having no political affiliations. Even after explaining that his absence from Facebook was due to his mother's illness, he has been on the receiving end of negative backlash.

In response to the attacks and criticism directed at artistes, many in the entertainment industry have voiced their concerns. They argue that artistes should be appreciated for their work, rather than being judged based on their political stance. However, others believe that artistes should steer clear of aligning themselves with any specific political party.

Concerning the aforementioned debate, actress Zakia Bari Mamo expressed, "Engaging in active politics isn't the responsibility of artistes. An artiste's primary duty is to focus on their craft. However, it's also a reality that living in a society means you inevitably lean towards one party or another. That's normal. But this support should never be blind. Artistes should always stand up for the people and speak out against injustice. If we lose our vision due to political biases, then who will guide the path forward?"

The actress Rafiath Rashid Mithila remarked, "We are entering an unprecedented time, unlike anything we've experienced before. It's crucial to remain patient now. Further division is the last thing we need. Everyone has their views and timing, but we must come together and focus on the future. Dwelling on the past won't help us move forward in this moment."

Actress Rukaiya Jahan Chamak stated, "Artistes shouldn't be labelled with political tags—they are individuals first and foremost. Unfortunately, some have exploited these labels for personal gain, which isn't right. It's time to establish a committee of artistes dedicated to safeguarding our cultural landscape. This committee should be composed of mainstream artistes who remain independent of political affiliations."

In this context, director Saikat Nasir shared on Facebook, "Artistes are entitled to their own political beliefs, opinions, and ideals. It's a fundamental civil right. However, should they be targeted just because the party they supported is no longer in power? Is that what we consider civilised politics? Today, many film artistes have been forced into hiding, which is far from acceptable. These artistes have provided you with entertainment and earned their place in the industry through your admiration. At the very least, consider these contributions and learn to show some respect."

Filmmaker Kabirul Islam Rana expressed his thoughts, writing, "It's unfortunate that in our country, even teachers, doctors, directors, and artistes feel the need to align themselves politically. Supporting a party isn't an issue, but actively joining one can be problematic. The consequences of this are becoming evident to everyone. While it's natural to have political preferences, there should be boundaries. Every government may try to use us for the sake of our names being out there, but we must be mindful of how far we allow ourselves to be used."​
 

The media's role in Bangladesh 2.0

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Visual: Anwar Sohel

The July-August 2024 uprising marked a historic turning point for Bangladesh. It was more than just a series of protests—it was a collective demand for a future built on accountability and transparency. Across cities and towns, the youth spearheaded this call for change. Their courage and determination resonated with millions, inspiring a vision of "Bangladesh 2.0," a new era that prioritises good governance, public interest, and systemic reform. A key expectation of this transformation was for the media to step up as a pillar of democracy.

Yet, as the movement's fervour begins to fade, troubling patterns suggest that the media's longstanding flaws remain largely unaddressed. While faces in positions of power have changed, the structures and practices that define Bangladesh's media landscape have shown remarkable resistance to change. For decades, the country's media has functioned less as a watchdog for democracy and more as a guard dog, protecting the interests of its owners rather than serving the people.

In Bangladesh, businessmen-politicians have dominated media ownership for years, turning some television channels and newspapers into tools of influence. These media houses, rather than pursuing independent journalism, have been used to shield their owners from tax scrutiny, evade customs regulations, and manoeuvre through bureaucratic hurdles. This entrenched dynamic has eroded the boundary between journalism and propaganda, leading to a loss of public trust in the media.

During the uprising, these media dynamics were laid bare for all to see. As students and citizens demanded justice on the streets, risking their lives, much of the media shied away from supporting them. Instead, some editors aligned themselves with the toppled regime, exposing where their true loyalties lay. Even when the regime fell, these outlets hesitated to question authority or challenge the narratives propagated by those in power. This reluctance underscores how deeply entrenched self-censorship and fear have become in Bangladesh's media ecosystem.

With the fall of the regime came a fleeting hope that the media would embrace its role as a cornerstone of democracy. The expectation was clear: a free press that would amplify the voices of the people, hold power to account and operate without fear or favour. However, the early signs of this so-called "Bangladesh 2.0" have been disheartening.

The chief adviser, for instance, is yet to engage in an open press conference—a crucial forum for accountability and transparency. Instead, he has opted for carefully curated interviews with senior editors who refrained from posing hard questions, opting instead to glorify his leadership. This pattern reflects a continuation of the old norms, where deference to authority outweighs the public's right to know.

Moreover, the harassment of journalists and media workers affiliated with the previous regime is a stark reminder of how vulnerable the press remains. Many reporters and television workers have been arrested and accused of crimes ranging from murder to corruption. While it is undeniable that some individuals supported the fallen regime in unethical ways, the arbitrary nature of these arrests raises serious concerns.

The filing of dubious cases against journalists undermines the rule of law and fosters a culture of fear. Justice cannot be served through vengeance. Even those who were complicit in the regime's wrongdoing deserve due process, not hasty, politically motivated accusations. When the legal system is weaponised to settle scores, it erodes trust in institutions and perpetuates a cycle of lawlessness.

Journalists already operate under immense pressure, facing job insecurity, political harassment, and limited protections. The abrupt criminalisation of media workers not only stifles dissent but also sends a chilling message to others in the profession: stay silent or risk retaliation. For a country striving to rebuild its democracy, this culture of fear is antithetical to progress. If "Bangladesh 2.0" is to succeed, justice must be pursued with fairness, transparency, and accountability—not as a tool for silencing dissent.

Beyond the immediate challenges of political interference and legal harassment, Bangladesh's media faces deeper structural problems. Most media organisations operate on unsustainable business models, heavily reliant on advertising revenue from politically connected corporations. This dependence limits their editorial independence and makes them susceptible to external pressures.

The financial instability journalists often face, in terms of low salaries, limited benefits and precarious working conditions, makes them vulnerable to coercion, undermining their ability to report fearlessly. Without a robust financial foundation, even the most courageous journalists cannot fulfil their roles as defenders of democracy.

Adding to this is the absence of a governing body for journalism. Unlike professions such as law or medicine, journalism in Bangladesh lacks a regulatory framework that sets ethical standards and ensures accountability. In the digital age, this vacuum has been filled by a flood of unverified information, with anyone wielding a smartphone claiming to be a journalist. This lack of professional accreditation and training has further eroded public trust in the media.

Reforming Bangladesh's media sector requires a multi-pronged approach. First and foremost, journalists and editors must reclaim their commitment to truth and public service. This will demand extraordinary courage, particularly in a political environment where questioning authority often invites retaliation.

However, courage alone is not enough. Structural reforms are essential to support fearless journalism. Media organisations must explore sustainable business models, such as subscription-based services or reader-funded journalism, to reduce their reliance on politically motivated advertisers. Policymakers, meanwhile, must enact legal protections for journalists, ensuring that they can report without fear of harassment or job loss.

An independent regulatory body for journalism is also imperative. Such an institution could establish accreditation standards, offer professional development programmes, and enforce ethical guidelines. By holding media practitioners accountable for their conduct, it could help restore public confidence in the press.

Despite the challenges, there are reasons for cautious optimism. The repeal of the Digital Security Act, a law that stifled free speech, is a step in the right direction. However, repealing harmful legislation is only the beginning. The true test lies in fostering a culture that values press freedom.

The media's role in this new era cannot be overstated. It must serve as a pillar of democracy, a guardian of the public interest, and a watchdog that holds power to account. This transformation will not happen overnight. It will require a collective commitment from journalists, media owners, policymakers, and civil society. This uprising envisioned a media landscape that amplifies the voices of the people, challenges authority and resists the pull of partisan agendas. Achieving this vision will demand courage, integrity, and systemic reform.

Change is never easy, and progress is rarely linear. But if the movement taught us anything, it's that the people of Bangladesh are ready to demand better. It is now up to the media to meet this moment, proving itself as a force for truth and accountability in this new chapter of the nation's history. The journey to "Bangladesh 2.0" has only just begun, and the media has a vital role to play in shaping its future.

Mahfuz Mishu is special correspondent for Jamuna Television.​
 

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