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[🇮🇷] Iran VS Israel
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Ending hostilities in Middle East

SYED FATTAHUL ALIM
Published :
Jun 16, 2025 00:15
Updated :
Jun 16, 2025 00:15

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The dangerous escalation in the Middle Eastern conflict with Israel's decapitation campaign against Iran's senior military leaders, nuclear scientists and attacks on the country's military and nuclear research facilities in the wee hours of Friday (June 13) followed by Iran's launching a retaliatory missile barrage on Israel have shocked the world. Though the two countries have been on a confrontational course since long, the last Friday's attack and counterattacks have taken an existential turn. And as one fourth of the world's fuel oil and one third of liquefied natural gas (LNG) pass through the Strait of Hormuz that connects Persian Gulf to the open ocean, the consequences of any full-blown conflagration between the two countries has the potential to disrupt the flow of critical fossil energy to the rest of the world. The world market has already reacted nervously to the conflict by hiking up oil prices to as much as 13 per cent to their highest level since January.

It reminds us the disruptions in global supply chain following the start of Russia's Special Military Operation (SMO) against Ukraine in March 2022. The oil and food prices surged globally. The ongoing attacks and counterattacks between Iran and Israel have already sent the energy market reeling from its impact. So far, neither party in the conflict has caused any severe disruption to the flow of oil and LNG through the Strait of Hormuz. But if Iran chooses to make good on its threat to block the Strait of Hormuz in case Israel continues with its air attacks on Iranian cities including energy infrastructures, then that would be a very bad news for the global oil market. Worse yet, any false flag attack on the oil facilities of the Gulf countries would not only cause the entire Middle East to get embroiled in a wider regional war, it might also finally draw the United States and its European NATO allies into the war both to protect Israel and the oil infrastructures in the region. And one cannot also rule out the ultimate involvement of other world powers including Russia and China in the conflict. For Russia has a long-term defense partnership with Iran, while China depends heavily on the smooth supply of Iranian oil. In that case, unless serious diplomatic efforts are started by the United Nations supported by the major world powers, the ongoing conflict between Iran and Israel may spin out of control.

However, any talk of restraint or de-escalation as being advised by UN or some of the world powers following escalation of the conflict through Israel's unilateral attack on Iran in the morning of Friday (June 13) hardly carry any meaning. For a mutually agreed cessation of hostilities largely depends on the mutual understanding that both parties would respect the conditions of a possible ceasefire. But so far as the history of past conflicts in the region goes, Israel's record of honouring the conditions of any ceasefire is poor. So, the question of trust between the warring parties is crucial at this point. And that is more so when the declared objective of Israel is destruction of Iran's nuclear ambition, if any, and its military capabilities including regime change (in Iran). Clearly, it has become a do-or-die battle for existence for either side in the conflict.

Most Importantly, who is going to broker any such peace deal between Iran and Israel? The US and the European powers are known for their exceptional bias towards one party, Israel to be specific. So, Iran may not accept their role as a credible peacemaker. The other powers including Russia and China would be looked upon with suspicion by European powers. The UN, on the other hand, has proved to be a toothless organization when it comes to implementation of any peace deal, even if there is no shortage of goodwill on the part of an incumbent UN Secretary-General to broker genuine peace. And the 15-member UN Security Council, which has the power to enforce peace treaties that are binding on the parties in any conflict concerned, often cannot reach a consensus on issues arising in the major flash points of conflict in the world, thanks to the veto power that its five permanent members enjoy. And the Middle East is one special case where the big powers including the US, the UK, France, Russia and China could never see eye to with one another to reach any meaningful settlement. So, it is ultimately the balance of powers in the region that would determine the fate of any settlement if ever reached in the Middle East.

Despite such portrayal of a bleak prospect of peace in the Middle East, there is urgency to stop an all-out existential war between Iran and Israel. Even if US and its NATO allies weigh in on behalf of Israel in the raging conflict, that, too, won't be able to end the war shortly. The recent wars in Afghanistan and Iraq or the Vietnam war of the 60s and 70s of the last century have proved beyond doubt that even an overwhelming advantage of firepower on one side cannot guarantee its victory. So, any idea of ending the war by tilting the balance of power on one side would be foolhardy. Any nuclear strike on Iran that many fear Israel may resort to if it finds itself in a tight corner in any critical stage of the conflict, that would be the end of everything. In that case, everyone loses as the oil fields of the entire region would be consumed by the conflagration. It is going to be an unwinnable war. And to avoid an endgame that assures mutual annihilation, the big powers will be required to keep their cool, forget about any biases at least for the moment and try earnestly to work out a settlement to cease hostilities between Iran and Israel. Or they can also sincerely empower the UN to do the job promising non-interference in its work (of making peace).

Otherwise, the fallout will prove to be disastrous for everyone, especially the world economy.​
 

Israel pounds Iran from west to east in deepest strikes yet
AFP Tehran
Published: 15 Jun 2025, 22: 59

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Smoke billows after a reported Israeli strike on Keshavarz Boulevard in downtown Tehran on 15 June 2025. AFP

Israel unleashed a punishing barrage of strikes across Iran Sunday stretching from the west to Tehran and Mashhad in the east, after Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu vowed to make the country pay "a very heavy price" for killing civilians.

With no let-up in sight, Iran said it would begin opening mosques, metro stations and schools to serve as makeshift bomb shelters for civilians, as Israel kept up its withering blows.

After decades of enmity and a prolonged shadow war fought through proxies and covert operations, the latest conflict marked the first time the arch-enemies have traded fire with such intensity, triggering fears of a prolonged conflict that could engulf the entire Middle East.

As Israel targeted sites across the Islamic republic, Iran launched a barrage of missiles aimed at Israel in the afternoon, setting off air raid sirens in Jerusalem and elsewhere.

Earlier Sunday, Netanyahu slammed Iran for allegedly targeting civilian areas.

"Iran will pay a very heavy price for the premeditated murder of civilians, women and children," Netanyahu said during a visit to the site of a missile strike on a residential building in the coastal city of Bat Yam, near Tel Aviv.

The remarks came hours came after Iranian missile fire targeting Israel killed at least 10 people overnight, according to authorities, pushing the death toll up to 13 since Iran began its retaliatory strikes Friday, with 380 reported injured.

Iranian media, citing the health ministry, meanwhile reported at least 128 killed in Israeli attacks from Friday to Saturday, including women and children, with 900 more reported injured.

Later Sunday, Israel's military said its air force hit Mashhad airport in Iran's far east, making it the longest-range strike of the conflict with the target "approximately 2,300 kilometres (1,430 miles) from Israel".

'Make a deal'

Back in Tehran, a heavy cloud of smoke hung above the city after Israeli aircraft hit two fuel depots. Local media later reported an Israeli strike hit the police headquarters in the city centre.

The Israeli military said its air force had hit "more than 80" targets in Tehran overnight.

US President Donald Trump said Washington "had nothing to do" with Israel's intense bombardment campaign that was launched early Friday, hitting key military and nuclear sites as well as residential areas.

But Trump also threatened to launch "the full strength and might" of the US military if Iran attacks American interests, later urging the two foes to "make a deal".

Iran's top diplomat Abbas Araghchi nonetheless said Tehran had "solid proof" that US forces had supported Israel in its attacks.

Israeli police said six people were killed and at least 180 injured at the site of an overnight missile strike in Bat Yam, near Tel Aviv on Israel's Mediterranean coast.

First responders wearing helmets and headlamps picked through the bombed-out building as dawn broke.

"There was an explosion and I thought the whole house had collapsed," said Bat Yam resident Shahar Ben Zion.

"It was a miracle we survived."

In northern Israel, rescuers and medics said a strike late Saturday destroyed a three-storey building in the town of Tamra, killing four women.

'Red line'

Early Sunday, a series of blasts rattled Tehran.

The head of the capital's traffic police, Ahmad Karami, told IRNA news agency "heavy traffic was reported at the capital's exit points".

Israel said its forces had struck the defence ministry headquarters in Tehran, where Iranian news agency Tasnim reported damage.

The Israeli military also said it had struck nuclear sites, including the secretive Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research (SPND), fuel tankers and other targets.

The Iranian oil ministry said Israel targeted two fuel depots in the Tehran area.

An AFP journalist saw a depot at Shahran, northwest of the capital, on fire.

Iranian media later said that police had arrested two suspects over alleged links to Israel's Mossad spy agency.

Israel, in turn, said it had taken two individuals into custody over alleged links to Iranian intelligence.

On Sunday, the Israeli military warned Iranians to evacuate areas near weapons facilities nationwide.

"The Zionist regime crossed a new red line in international law" by "attacking nuclear facilities", Araghchi told foreign diplomats, according to state TV.

"If the aggression stops, naturally our responses will also stop," he added.

'More fiercely'

Araghchi also condemned on Sunday Israel's attack a day earlier on a major gas facility operating at South Pars, the world's largest known gas reserve located off of Iran's southern Bushehr province.

Iran scrapped nuclear talks with the US planned for Sunday, saying it was "meaningless" to negotiate while under fire.

Iran's Revolutionary Guards said Sunday they had struck sites used by Israeli warplanes for refuelling.

The Guards vowed to respond "more fiercely and more broadly" if Israel keeps up its deadly campaign.

Yemen's Iran-backed Huthi rebels also said they had launched several missiles at Israel in attacks that were "coordinated with the operations carried out by the Iranian military".

Follow the Google news channel to get Prothom Alo's latest news​
 

Israel attacks defence ministry facility in Isfahan, Iran media reports
After decades of enmity and conflict by proxy, it is the first time the arch-enemies have traded fire with such intensity, triggering fears of a prolonged conflict that could engulf the entire Middle East.

AFP Tehran
Published: 15 Jun 2025, 16: 31

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This handout satellite image provided by Maxar Technologies shows the Isfahan nuclear enrichment facility in central Iran on 14 June 2025, after it was hit by Israeli strikes. Launched early on 13 June 2025, Israel’s operation has targeted Iran’s air defences and hit key nuclear and military sites, killing dozens of people including top army commanders and atomic scientists, according to Tehran AFP

Israel pressed its intense bombardment campaign on Iran on Sunday, striking a defence facility and fuel depots as the two arch foes kept up their most intense confrontation in history.

It came after Iranian missile fire on Israel killed at least 10 people overnight, according to authorities, pushing the toll up to 13 since Iran began its retaliatory strikes on Friday.

In Tehran, a heavy cloud of smoke billowed over the city after Israeli aircraft struck two fuel depots. For days, Iranians have formed long queues at petrol stations, fearing shortages.

Iranian media later said Israel attacked a facility affiliated with the defence ministry in the central city of Isfahan, reporting “possible damage”.

US President Donald Trump said on Sunday that Washington “had nothing to do” with ally Israel’s intense bombardment campaign that was launched early Friday, hitting key military and nuclear sites as well as residential areas.

But Trump threatened to launch “the full strength and might” of the US military if Iran attacks American interests, saying on his Truth Social platform that “we can easily get a deal done between Iran and Israel, and end this bloody conflict!!!”

Iran’s top diplomat Abbas Araghchi nonetheless said that Tehran had “solid proof” that US forces and bases in the region had supported Israel in its attacks.

Israeli police said six people were killed and at least 180 injured at the site of an overnight missile strike in Bat Yam, near Tel Aviv on Israel’s Mediterranean coast.

First responders wearing helmets and headlamps combed through the bombed-out building as dawn broke, with police saying at least seven people were missing.

“There was an explosion and I thought the whole house had collapsed,” said Bat Yam resident Shahar Ben Zion.

“It was a miracle we survived.”

In the north of Israel, rescuers and medics said a strike late Saturday destroyed a three-storey building in the town of Tamra, killing four women.

Israeli authorities have reported a total toll of 13 dead and 380 injured in the country since Friday.

Iran’s UN ambassador said 78 people were killed and 320 wounded in Friday’s first wave of Israeli strikes.

Iranian authorities have not provided an updated toll as of Sunday, but Tehran says Israel has killed top army commanders and nuclear scientists.

‘Red line’

After decades of enmity and conflict by proxy, it is the first time the arch-enemies have traded fire with such intensity, triggering fears of a prolonged conflict that could engulf the entire Middle East.

In Iran’s capital early Sunday, AFP journalists heard a series of blasts.

Israel said its forces had struck the defence ministry headquarters in Tehran, where Iranian news agency Tasnim reported damage. The ministry did not comment.

The Israeli military also said it had struck nuclear sites including the secretive Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research (SPND), fuel tankers and other targets.

The Iranian oil ministry said Israel struck two fuel depots in the Tehran area.

An AFP journalist saw a depot at Shahran, northwest of the capital, on fire.

Iranian media later said that police had arrested two suspects over alleged links to Israel’s Mossad spy agency.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has vowed to hit “every target of the ayatollah regime”, while Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian warned further strikes would draw “a more severe and powerful response”.

Israeli strikes have hit Iran’s Natanz uranium enrichment plant and killed its highest-ranking military officer, Mohammad Bagheri, as well as the head of the powerful Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, Hossein Salami.

On Sunday, the Israeli military warned Iranians to evacuate areas near weapons facilities nationwide.

“The Zionist regime crossed a new red line in international law” by “attacking nuclear facilities”, Araghchi told foreign diplomats, according to state TV.

“If the aggression stops, naturally our responses will also stop,” he added.

He also described Israel’s attacks as an “attempt to undermine diplomacy and derail negotiations”.

‘More fiercely’

The attacks persisted despite global calls for de-escalation, with Iran scrapping its latest nuclear talks with the United States, saying it was “meaningless” to negotiate while under fire from Israel.

Iran’s Revolutionary Guards said Sunday they had struck sites used by Israeli warplanes for refuelling, in retaliation for the earlier Israeli strikes.

The Guards in a statement vowed to respond “more fiercely and more broadly” if Israel keeps up its deadly campaign.

Yemen’s Iran-backed Huthi rebels said they had launched several missiles at Israel in attacks that were “coordinated with the operations carried out by the Iranian military”.

The Israeli military said it had intercepted seven drones launched at the country within an hour on Sunday.

Highlighting the global unease, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan warned against a “devastating war” with regional consequences, in a call with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Ankara said.​
 

Iran missiles kill 10 in Israel in night of mutual attacks
AFP Jerusalem
Published: 15 Jun 2025, 13: 54

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Damaged buildings are seen following a strike by an Iranian missile in the Israeli city of Bat Yam, south of Tel Aviv, early on 15 June, 2025. AFP

Iranian missile fire on Israel killed at least 10 people overnight, authorities said Sunday, as the foes exchanged new waves of attacks in their most intense confrontation in history.

In Iran, a heavy cloud of smoke billowed over the capital after Israeli aircraft struck two fuel depots. For days, Iranians have formed long queues at gas stations fearing shortages.

US President Donald Trump said on Sunday that Washington "had nothing to do" with ally Israel's intense bombardment campaign that was launched early Friday, targeting key military and nuclear sites in Iran.

But Trump threatened to launch "the full strength and might" if Iran attacks US interests, saying on his Truth Social platform that "we can easily get a deal done between Iran and Israel, and end this bloody conflict!!!"

Israeli police said six people were killed and at least 180 injured at the site of an overnight missile strike in Bat Yam, near Tel Aviv on Israel's Mediterranean coast.

First responders wearing helmets and headlamps combed through the bombed-out building as dawn broke, with police saying at least seven people were missing, feared buried under the rubble.

"There was an explosion and I thought the whole house had collapsed," said Bat Yam resident Shahar Ben Zion.

"It was a miracle we survived."

In the north of Israel, rescuers and medics said a strike late Saturday destroyed a three-storey building in the town of Tamra, killing four women and taking the overall death toll in the country since Friday to 13.

Iran's UN ambassador said 78 people were killed and 320 wounded in Friday's first wave of Israeli strikes.

Iranian authorities have not provided an updated toll as of early Sunday, but Tehran says Israel has killed top army commanders and nuclear scientists.

'Red line'

After decades of enmity and conflict by proxy, it is the first time the arch-enemies have traded fire with such intensity, triggering fears of a prolonged conflict that could engulf the entire Middle East.

In Iran's capital early Sunday, AFP journalists heard a series of blasts.

Israel said its forces had struck the defence ministry headquarters in Tehran, where Iranian news agency Tasnim reported damage. The ministry did not comment.

The Israeli military also said it had struck nuclear sites including the secretive Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research (SPND), fuel tankers and other targets.

The Iranian oil ministry said Israel struck two fuel depots in the Tehran area.

An AFP journalist saw a depot at Shahran, northwest of the capital, on fire.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has vowed to hit "every target of the ayatollah regime", while Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian warned further strikes would draw "a more severe and powerful response".

Israeli strikes have hit Iran's Natanz uranium enrichment plant and killed its highest-ranking military officer, Mohammad Bagheri, as well as the head of the powerful Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, Hossein Salami.

On Sunday, the Israeli military warned Iranians to evacuate areas near weapons facilities nationwide.

"The Zionist regime crossed a new red line in international law" by "attacking nuclear facilities", Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi told foreign diplomats, according to state TV.

He also said Tehran had "solid proof" US forces supported the Israeli attacks.

"We are defending ourselves; our defence is entirely legitimate... If the aggression stops, naturally our responses will also stop."

UK 'support'

The attacks persisted despite global calls for de-escalation, with Iran scrapping its latest nuclear talks with the United States, saying it could not negotiate while under fire from Israel.

Iran's Revolutionary Guards said Sunday they had struck sites used by Israeli warplanes for refuelling, in retaliation for the earlier Israeli strikes.

The Guards in a statement vowed to respond "more fiercely and more broadly" if Israel keeps up its deadly campaign.

Yemen's Iran-backed Huthi rebels said they had launched several missiles at Israel in attacks that were "coordinated with the operations carried out by the Iranian military".

The Israeli military said it had intercepted seven drones launched at the country within an hour on Sunday.

Highlighting the global unease, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan warned against a "devastating war" with regional consequences, in a call with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Ankara said.

UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer said Saturday that his country was deploying fighter jets and other "assets" to the Middle East "for contingency support", while he also urged de-escalation.​
 

Israel, Iran keep striking each other
US may get involved in conflict: Trump

Agence France-Presse . Tehran, Iran 15 June, 2025, 23:58

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Israeli rescuers search through the rubble at the site of an overnight Iranian missile strike in Bat Yam on Sunday. | AFP photo

Israel unleashed a punishing barrage of strikes targeting the capital Tehran Sunday, after prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu vowed to make Iran pay ‘a very heavy price’ for killing civilians, on the third day of fierce fighting.

With no let-up in sight, Iran said it would begin opening mosques, metro stations and schools to serve as makeshift bomb shelters for civilians, as Israel kept up its withering blows.

President Donald Trump told a news network Sunday the United States could become involved in the Iran-Israel conflict, and that he would be ‘open’ to his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin being a mediator.

The Republican president, according to ABC News, also said talks over Iran’s nuclear programme were continuing and that Tehran would ‘like to make a deal,’ perhaps more quickly now that the Islamic republic is trading massive strikes with Israel.

After decades of enmity and war by proxy, the latest conflict marked the first time the arch-enemies have traded fire with such intensity, triggering fears of a prolonged conflict that could engulf the entire Middle East.

As Israel continued to target sites across the Islamic republic, Iran launched a new barrage of missiles aimed at Israel on Sunday afternoon, setting off air raid sirens in Jerusalem and elsewhere.

Earlier Sunday, Netanyahu slammed Iran for allegedly targeting civilian areas.

‘Iran will pay a very heavy price for the premeditated murder of civilians, women and children,’ Netanyahu said during a visit to the site of a missile strike on a residential building in the coastal city of Bat Yam, near Tel Aviv.

The remarks came hours came after Iranian missile fire targeting Israel killed at least 10 people overnight, according to authorities, pushing the death toll up to 13 since Iran began its retaliatory strikes Friday, with 380 reported injured.

Iranian media, citing the health ministry, meanwhile reported at least 128 killed in Israeli attacks from Friday to Saturday, including women and children, with 900 more reported injured.

In Tehran, a heavy cloud of smoke hung above the city after Israeli aircraft hit two fuel depots. Local media later reported an Israeli strike hit the police headquarters in the city centre.

The Israeli military said its air force had targeted ‘more than 80’ positions in Tehran overnight.

Donald Trump said Washington ‘had nothing to do’ with Israel’s intense bombardment campaign that was launched early Friday, hitting key military and nuclear sites as well as residential areas.

But Trump also threatened to launch ‘the full strength and might’ of the US military if Iran attacks American interests, later urging the two foes to ‘make a deal’.

‘It’s possible we could get involved’ in the ongoing battle between the Middle East arch-foes, Trump said in an off-camera interview with ABC News senior political correspondent Rachel Scott that was not previously publicized.

He stressed that the United States is ‘not at this moment’ involved in the military action.

As for Putin being a potential mediator in the conflict, ‘he is ready. He called me about it. We had a long talk about it,’ Trump said.

Iran’s top diplomat Abbas Araghchi nonetheless said that Tehran had ‘solid proof’ that US forces had supported Israel in its attacks.

Israeli police said six people were killed and at least 180 injured at the site of an overnight missile strike in Bat Yam, near Tel Aviv on Israel’s Mediterranean coast.

In Iran’s capital early Sunday, AFP journalists heard a series of blasts.

The head of Tehran’s traffic police Ahmad Karami told IRNA news agency ‘heavy traffic was reported at the capital’s exit points’.

Israel said its forces had struck the defence ministry headquarters in Tehran, where Iranian news agency Tasnim reported damage.

The Israeli military also said it had struck nuclear sites, including the secretive Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research, fuel tankers and other targets.

The Iranian oil ministry said Israel targeted two fuel depots in the Tehran area.

Iran scrapped nuclear talks with the US planned for Sunday, saying it was ‘meaningless’ to negotiate while under fire.

Iran’s Revolutionary Guards said Sunday they had struck sites used by Israeli warplanes for refuelling.​
 

US could get involved in Iran-Israel conflict, Trump tells ABC
Agence France-Presse . Washington 15 June, 2025, 21:21

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US President Donald Trump speaks during the Army 250th Anniversary Parade from the Ellipse in Washington, DC on June 14, 2025. | AFP photo

US President Donald Trump told a news network on Sunday that the United States could become involved in the Iran-Israel conflict, and that he would be ‘open’ to his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin being a mediator.

The Republican president, according to ABC News, also said talks over Iran’s nuclear program were continuing and that Tehran would ‘like to make a deal,’ perhaps more quickly now that the Islamic republic is trading massive strikes with Israel.

‘It’s possible we could get involved’ in the ongoing battle between the Middle East arch-foes, Trump said in an off-camera interview with ABC News senior political correspondent Rachel Scott that was not previously publicized.

He stressed that the United States is ‘not at this moment’ involved in the military action.

As for Putin being a potential mediator in the conflict, ‘he is ready. He called me about it. We had a long talk about it,’ Trump said.

Israel and Iran traded heavy aerial assaults for a third straight day Sunday, with casualties mounting following Israel’s large-scale attacks aimed at crippling Iran’s nuclear and military infrastructure, sparking retaliation.

Oman, which has acted as a mediator on the nuclear issue, has said a sixth round of talks between Iran and the United States planned for this weekend had been cancelled.

But Trump said the two sides were continuing discussions.

‘No, there’s no deadline’ on negotiations, he told ABC when asked whether there was a time limit for Tehran to come to the table.

‘But they are talking. They’d like to make a deal. They’re talking. They continue to talk,’ Trump said, according to Scott.

Trump suggested that something like the clash between Israel and Iran ‘had’ to happen to spur talks on a nuclear agreement.

It ‘may have forced a deal to go quicker, actually,’ Trump said.​
 

Macron hopes Iran-Israel conflict will ‘calm’ in ‘coming hours’
Agence France-Presse . Nuuk 15 June, 2025, 22:06

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French President Emmanuel Macron arrives to hold a press conference at the Elysee Paslace in Paris on June 13, 2025, after Israel launched a wave of strikes across Iran. | AFP photo

French President Emmanuel Macron said on Sunday he hoped for a return to calm ‘in the coming hours’ in the Iran-Israel conflict and called for a resumption of nuclear talks with Iran.

Israel bombed military sites and fuel depots in Iran on Sunday on the third day of a conflict between the two countries, with Tehran retaliating with missile strikes.

‘I hope that the coming hours will bring calm and a road forward for discussion, to avoid any escalation of nuclear capabilities, acquisition of nuclear capacities in Iran, and to prevent any unrest in the region,’

Macron said while on a visit to Greenland.

The French president reiterated his call for negotiations on Iran’s nuclear programme, despite the ongoing conflict.

‘Yesterday (Saturday), I was able to speak with the president of Iran, and I called for a discussion among us as soon as possible.

This is also what I conveyed in my conversation with (US) President (Donald) Trump, who shares this vision,’ Macron said.

‘We will have the opportunity, in a few hours, to revisit this matter with G7 leaders’ who are meeting from Sunday to Tuesday in Canada, he added.

The United States and Iran held five rounds of talks since April to try to find a path to a new nuclear deal that would replace a 2015 accord Trump abandoned during his first term in office.

A sixth round of talks had been scheduled for Sunday, but the host country, Oman, said on Saturday it was cancelled.​
 

Iran battle escalates, civilians urged to evacuate target areas

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Rescue personnel work at an impact site following a missile attack from Iran, in Bat Yam, Israel, yesterday. Iran and Israel will have peace “soon”, US President Donald Trump said in a social media post. PHoto: REUTERS
  • Concerns of wider conflict rise, including at G7 summit​
  • Iran refuses ceasefire talks amid Israeli attacks, official says​
  • Trump vetoes Israeli plan to target Iran's supreme leader​
  • Oil prices jump as Israel targets Iran's oil and gas sector​

Israel and Iran launched fresh attacks on Sunday, killing and wounding civilians and raising concerns of a broader regional conflict, with both militaries urging civilians on the opposing side to take precautions against further strikes.

German Chancellor Friedrich Merz said he hoped a meeting of the Group of Seven leaders in Canada on Sunday would reach an agreement to help resolve the conflict and keep it from escalating.

Iran has told mediators Qatar and Oman that it is not open to negotiating a ceasefire with the U.S. while it is under Israeli attack, an official briefed on the communications told Reuters on Sunday.

Israel's military, which launched the attacks on Friday with the stated aim of wiping out Iran's nuclear and ballistic missile programs, warned Iranians living near weapons facilities to evacuate. Early on Monday, it said Israel's air force attacked surface-to-surface missile sites in central Iran.

"Iran will pay a heavy price for the murder of civilians, women and children," Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said from a balcony overlooking blown-out apartments where six people were killed in Bat Yam, a town south of Tel Aviv.

Iran's armed forces told residents of Israel to leave the vicinity of "vital areas" for their safety.

OIL PRICES RISE

Images from Tehran showed the night sky lit up by a huge blaze at a fuel depot after Israel began strikes against Iran's oil and gas sector - raising the stakes for the global economy and the functioning of the Iranian state.

Brent crude futuresLCOc1 were up $2.14, or 2.9%, to $76.37 a barrel by 2225 GMT, while US West Texas Intermediate crude futures CLc1 climbed $2.03, or 2.8%, to $75.01. They surged more than $4 earlier in the session.

An Iranian health ministry spokesperson, Hossein Kermanpour, said the toll since the start of Israeli strikes had risen to 224 dead and more than 1,200 injured, 90% of whom he said were civilians. Those killed included 60 on Saturday, half of them children, in a 14-storey apartment block flattened in the Iranian capital.

Explosions rattled Tel Aviv in the afternoon as Iran launched its first daylight missile raid since Israel attacked on Friday. At least 10 people, including children, have been killed so far, according to Israeli authorities.

Hours later, shortly after nightfall, Iran launched a second wave of missiles, which struck a residential street in Haifa, a mixed Jewish-Arab city in northern Israel. The national emergency service reported nine people were injured in the strike, along with two others following a missile impact in the south.

In Bat Yam on Sunday evening, shocked residents surveyed the damage of an overnight strike, while many across Israel braced for another sleepless night, unsure of what may come next.

"It's very dreadful. It's not fun. People are losing their lives and their homes," said Shem, 29, whose home was shaken overnight when a missile struck a nearby apartment tower.

TRUMP VETOES PLAN TO TARGET KHAMENEI, OFFICIALS SAY

In Washington, two US officials told Reuters that US President Donald Trump had vetoed an Israeli plan in recent days to kill Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

"Have the Iranians killed an American yet? No. Until they do we're not even talking about going after the political leadership," said one of the sources, a senior U.S. administration official.

When asked about the Reuters report, Netanyahu told Fox News on Sunday: "There's so many false reports of conversations that never happened, and I'm not going to get into that."

"We do what we need to do," he told Fox's "Special Report With Bret Baier."

Regime change in Iran could be a result of Israel's military attacks, Netanyahu said in the interview, adding that Israel would do what it takes to remove what he called the "existential threat" posed by Tehran.

Israel's military spokesperson has said the current goal of the campaign is not regime change, but the dismantling of Iran's nuclear and ballistic missile programs and removing its capabilities "to annihilate us".

Israel launched a surprise attack on Friday morning that wiped out the top echelon of Iran's military command and damaged its nuclear sites, and says the campaign will escalate in coming days.

The intelligence chief of Iran's Revolutionary Guards, Mohammad Kazemi, and his deputy were killed in Israeli attacks on Tehran on Sunday, Iran's semi-official Tasnim news agency said.

Iran has vowed to "open the gates of hell" in retaliation in what has emerged as the biggest-ever confrontation between old enemies.

TRUMP WARNS IRAN NOT TO ATTACK

Trump has lauded Israel's offensive while denying Iranian allegations that the US has taken part.

"If we are attacked in any way, shape or form by Iran, the full strength and might of the US Armed Forces will come down on you at levels never seen before," he said in a message on the Truth Social platform. "However, we can easily get a deal done between Iran and Israel, and end this bloody conflict."

Trump had earlier said the US had no role in Israel's attack and warned Tehran not to widen its retaliation to include US targets. The US military has helped shoot down Iranian missiles that were headed toward Israel, two US officials said on Friday.

The US president has repeatedly said Iran could end the war by agreeing to tough restrictions on its nuclear programme, which Iran says is for peaceful purposes but Western countries say could be used to make an atomic bomb.

The latest round of nuclear negotiations between Iran and the US, due on Sunday, was scrapped after Tehran said it would not negotiate while under Israeli attack.

Talking to reporters as he left for the G7 summit in Canada, Trump said on Sunday he hopes Israel and Iran can broker a ceasefire but said sometimes countries have to fight it out first.​
 

A catastrophe called Israel

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Rescue personnel work at a residential building following missile attack from Iran on Israel, at central Israel on June 15, 2025. PHOTO: REUTERS

Any military campaign must have clearly defined objectives, and Israel said its main aim of starting a war with Iran, through its ongoing massive air attacks with tacit backing from US and Western governments, was to stop Tehran's march towards the acquisition of nuclear weapons.

It may not have been so openly stated, but one important objective is regime change in Iran in order to try and usher in a regime more like Israel's other Middle Eastern/regional neighbours, who are happy to be friends with Tel Aviv. That is why they offer only perfunctory condemnation of Israel's ethnic-cleansing of Palestinians not just in Gaza, but also the West Bank.

A wider war also helps shift the focus from the worst ethnic cleansing of this century in Gaza by relentless bombing, other military means, and mass starvation. It is the food blockade which was beginning to create a little unease among at least Israel's European allies, who have so far offered unconditional material and diplomatic support to it on Gaza.

At least the European allies, I say, because the US administration solidly supports the apartheid state, which is executing the American president's Gaza Riviera Plan. It visualises beachside resorts after the forceful displacement of two million Palestinians to unspecified countries, presumably Muslim.

The Gaza genocide has really not been about Israeli hostages taken during the October 2023 atrocity. Ample evidence of this can be found in the conduct of presidential envoy Steve Witkoff, whose family members are crypto business partners with the Trump family. He has walked away twice, if not more times, from deals that could have secured the release or exchange of the remaining hostages in Hamas captivity. Meanwhile, hundreds of Palestinians remain in Israeli captivity who are no more than hostages.

Despite this unconditional support to Israel, President Donald Trump so far seems unprepared to commit US forces in any open confrontation. Over the coming days, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's efforts will be directed towards somehow sucking in the US to commit forces into the war with Iran.

After the Iranian missile retaliation against the Israeli air campaign, which killed several senior Iranian military commanders, leaders of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, and targeted nuclear sites, former Israeli Prime Minister and Military Chief Ehud Barak picked off some of these objectives one by one in an interview with CNN's Christiane Amanpour.

Ehud Barak was categorical in saying that Israel's air campaign may have "delayed" by a few weeks Iran's acquisition of a nuclear weapon but, he said, even if the US joined the air campaign, it would delay it by no more than a few months at best. "They have 400 kilogrammes of 60 percent enriched uranium and it can be enriched to 90 percent in a garage with the right equipment and they will have a crude bomb," he said.

Quoting the chief of the IAEA (the international nuclear watchdog), who said that many of Iran's key facilities are "hundreds of yards" underground in old mines, etc, Mr Barak maintained these were "out of our reach". "I have no illusions we'll do anything more than damage or hurt them."

The former IDF chief said the initial successes of the air campaign, which exceeded expectations, should be used to push through a nuclear deal with Iran, stop the war in Gaza, and go for peace in the wider region, including Saudi Arabia, which would take time and won't be easy but still needs to be done.

He said going further for Israel without US logistics support will be difficult, so it should say "we have done all we could do, now it is up to you." At a time when Israeli intelligence's targeting of the Iranian military's key leaders is being seen as a manifestation of internal divisions, Ehud Barak also addressed the issue of regime change.

Saying it did not appear possible without US ground troops on Iranian soil, he listed wars from Korea to Vietnam to Afghanistan that the US entered but was unable to win: "How did those wars go?" he asked, while doubting that President Trump, or any other US leader or the American public for that matter, would have the appetite to commit US boots to the ground.

It is true that in 2018, Trump unilaterally scuppered an Obama-led deal that stopped Iran's nuclear weapons march in exchange for sanctions relief. But the scrapping pushed Tehran back to restarting its enrichment levels closer to weapons grade. So, in a sense, this war hasn't been about Iran's nuclear arms quest but more about getting it to bow to Israeli-US will.

Therefore, it is important to see who is eventually likely to get the upper hand in this conflict. With the US and entire Western production, stores and supplies of modern weaponry at its disposal, it would be safe to assume Israel can outlast Iran in a war of attrition. For all practical purposes, Iran has no air force, and its air defence system appears inadequate.

How long can its arsenal of reportedly 2,000 ballistic missiles last? What happens beyond that? These are some of the questions that need to be answered. So far, Iran has taken massive hits and yet has been able to remain defiant and retaliate. Can it sustain this in the medium to long term, and will there be any third-party mediation to stop the war?

Or, if cornered further, will Iran lash out directly at US bases and assets in the region and even nations hosting them in order to expand the conflict as a means of stopping it? The impact of any such eventuality will not only be on millions of lives in the region but also on the global economy.

Abbas Nasir is a former editor of Dawn.

This article was originally published in the Dawn on June 15, 2025.​
 

Israel strike puts all eyes on Hormuz and $100 oil

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An aerial view shows a crude oil tanker at an oil terminal off Waidiao island in Zhoushan, Zhejiang province, China. One factor that could keep a lid on crude prices, however, is that these heightened Middle East tensions come at a time of ample global oil supply. Photo: REUTERS/FILE

Israel's strikes on Iran on Friday have raised the prospect of global oil prices hitting $100 a barrel. If Tehran seeks to escalate the conflict by retaliating beyond Israeli borders, it could seek to choke off the Strait of Hormuz, the world's most important gateway for oil shipping.

Israel launched a wave of strikes on Iran's nuclear facilities, ballistic missile factories and military commanders, prompting Iran to launch drones against Israel. It is likely the two archenemies will continue to exchange blows in the coming days.

Oil prices soared by more than 8 percent to $75 a barrel on Friday on the news.

The United States has sought to distance itself from the Israeli strikes while President Donald Trump urged Iran to return to their bilateral nuclear talks.

While Tehran may strike Israel with additional drones or ballistic missiles, it could also opt to target the Middle East military facilities or strategic infrastructure of the United States and its allies such as Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. This could include oil and gas fields and ports.

Of course, the most sensitive point Tehran could target is the Strait of Hormuz, a narrow shipping lane between Iran and Oman. About a fifth of the world's total oil consumption passes through the strait, or roughly 20 million barrels per day (bpd) of oil, condensate and fuel.

If that scenario played out, it would likely push oil prices sharply higher, very possibly into triple-digit territory, as Opec members Saudi Arabia, Iran, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait and Iraq export most of their crude via the strait, mainly to Asia.

To be sure, an Iranian strike in the Gulf risks drawing a response from the United States and its regional allies, dramatically escalating the conflict and stretching Iran's military capabilities. But Iran has been heavily weakened over the past year, particularly following Israel's successful campaign against Hezbollah, the Iranian-backed militants in Lebanon.

With its back to the wall, Tehran could see an attack now as a deterrent.

The US military and its regional allies will obviously seek to protect the Strait of Hormuz against an Iranian attack. But Iran could use small speed boats to block or seize tankers and other vessels going through the narrow shipping lane. Iran's Revolutionary Guards have seized several western tankers in that area in recent years, including a British-flagged oil tanker in July 2024.

However, any Iranian efforts to block the strait, or even delay transport through it, could spook energy markets and lead to disruptions in global oil and gas supply.

Saudi Arabia and the UAE have sought in the past to find ways to bypass the Strait of Hormuz, including by building more oil pipelines.

Saudi Arabia, the world's largest oil exporter, sends some of its crude through the Red Sea pipeline that runs from the Abqaiq oilfield in the east into the Red Sea port city of Yanbu in the west.

The Saudi Aramco-operated pipeline has a capacity of 5 million bpd and was able to temporarily expand its capacity by another 2 million bpd in 2019.

It is used mostly to supply Aramco's west coast refineries. Saudi Arabia also exported 1.5 million bpd of oil from its west coast ports in 2024, including 839,000 bpd of crude, according to data from analytics firm Kpler.

The UAE, which produced 3.3 million bpd of crude oil in April, has a 1.5 million bpd pipeline linking its onshore oilfields to the Fujairah oil terminal that is east of the Strait of Hormuz.

But even the western route could be exposed to attacks from the Iran-backed Houthis in Yemen, who have severely disrupted shipping through the Suez Canal in recent years.

Diverting oil away from the Strait of Hormuz would be more difficult for Iraq and Kuwait, which only have coastlines on the Gulf.

One factor that could keep a lid on crude prices, however, is that these heightened Middle East tensions come at a time of ample global oil supply.

Rising production in the United States, Brazil, Canada, Argentina and other non-Opec countries has reduced the global market share of the Middle East in recent years. This could help mitigate if not fully offset any supply disruption.

Additionally, any serious disruption to oil supplies in the Middle East would also likely prompt the International Energy Agency to trigger the release of strategic reserves.

Investors have often shrugged off Middle East tensions in recent years, believing that the potential for a truly regional clash is limited. They may do so again, particularly if this strike pushes Iran back to the negotiating table with the US over Tehran's nuclear program.

But crude prices are apt to be volatile in the coming days as traders seek to get a handle on where this conflict is heading.​
 

How many missiles has Iran fired, and how many of them hit Israel?

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Responders search through building rubble following a strike by an Iranian missile in the Israeli city of Bat Yam, south of Tel Aviv, early on June 15, 2025. Air raid sirens and booms rang out in Jerusalem and Tel Aviv early on June 15, AFP journalists said, as Israel and Iran exchanged fire for a third day. Photo: AFP

Iran has launched about 200 missiles at Israel since Friday night, in addition to scores of explosive drones, New York Times reported quoting Israeli authorities.

The Israeli military has so far not released data about the number of missiles it has intercepted or how many have evaded its air defenses, saying such details could aid the enemy.

But the Israeli prime minister's office said on Saturday afternoon that 17 sites had been identified where missiles made impact. Some have hit Tel Aviv and its suburbs of Ramat Gan and Rishon LeZion, in central Israel's coastal plain. On Saturday night, a barrage was aimed at the northern city of Haifa and its surroundings.

Missile strikes on Friday night and Saturday have killed at least ten Israeli civilians and injured more than 200 people, including seven soldiers, according to the authorities.

Brig. Gen. Effie Defrin, Israel's chief military spokesman, said on Saturday that Israel's air defenses were "among the best in the world" but were "not hermetic."​
 

Why are some key Tehran allies staying out of the Israel-Iran conflict?

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Vehicles jam a highway as a fire blazes nearby in the oil depots of Shahran, northwest of Tehran, on June 15, 2025. Israel and Iran exchanged fire on June 14, a day after Israel unleashed an unprecedented aerial bombing campaign that Iran said hit its nuclear facilities, "martyred" top commanders and killed dozens of civilians. Photo: AFP

Hezbollah has long been considered Iran's first line of defense in case of a war with Israel. But since Israel launched its massive barrage against Iran this week, the Lebanese militant group has stayed out of the fray.

A network of powerful Iran-backed militias in Iraq has also remained mostly quiet — even though Israel allegedly used Iraq's airspace, in part, to carry out the attacks.

Domestic political concerns, as well as tough losses suffered in nearly two years of regional conflicts and upheavals, appear to have led these Iran allies to take a back seat in the latest round convulsing the region.

The 'Axis of Resistance'

Hezbollah was formed with Iranian support in the early 1980s as a guerilla force fighting against Israel's occupation of southern Lebanon at the time.

The militant group helped push Israel out of Lebanon and built its arsenal over the ensuing decades, becoming a powerful regional force and the centerpiece of a cluster of Iranian-backed factions and governments known as the " Axis of Resistance."

The allies also include Iraqi Shiite militias and Yemen's Houthi rebels, as well as the Palestinian militant group Hamas.

At one point, Hezbollah was believed to have some 150,000 rockets and missiles, and the group's former leader, Hassan Nasrallah once boasted of having 100,000 fighters.

Seeking to aid its ally Hamas in the aftermath of the Palestinian militants' Oct. 7, 2023 attack on southern Israel and Israel's offensive in Gaza, Hezbollah began launching rockets across the border.

That drew Israeli airstrikes and shelling, and the exchanges escalated into full-scale war last September. Israel inflicted heavy damage on Hezbollah, killing Nasrallah and other top leaders and destroying much of its arsenal, before a U.S.-negotiated ceasefire halted that conflict last November. Israel continues to occupy parts of southern Lebanon and to carry out near-daily airstrikes.

For their part, the Iraqi militias occasionally struck bases housing U.S. troops in Iraq and Syria, while Yemen's Houthis fired at vessels in the Red Sea, a crucial global trade route, and began targeting Israel.

Condolences to Iran, condemnations of Israel

Hezbollah and its leader Naim Kassem have condemned Israel's attacks and offered condolences for the senior Iranian officers who were killed.

But Kassem did not suggest Hezbollah would take part in any retaliation against Israel.

Iraq's Kataib Hezbollah militia — a separate group from Lebanon's Hezbollah — released a statement saying it was "deeply regrettable" that Israel allegedly fired at Iran from Iraqi airspace, something that Baghdad complained to the U.N. Security Council over.

The Iraqi militia called on the Baghdad government to "urgently expel hostile forces from the country," a reference to U.S. troops in Iraq as part of the fight against the militant Islamic State group, but made no threat of force.

Hezbollah was weakened by last year's fighting and after losing a major supply route for Iranian weapons with the fall of Syrian President Bashar Assad, a key ally, in a lightning rebel offensive in December.

"Hezbollah has been degraded on the strategic level while cut off from supply chains in Syria," said Andreas Krieg, a military analyst and associate professor at King's College London.

A changing attitude to Iran

Many Hezbollah members believe "they were sacrificed for Iran's greater regional interests" since Hamas' attack on Israel triggered the latest Israel-Hamas war, and want to focus on "Lebanon-centric" interests rather than defending Iran, Krieg said.

Still, Qassem Qassir, a Lebanese analyst close to Hezbollah, said a role for the militant group in the Israel-Iran conflict should not be ruled out.

"This depends on political and field developments," he said. "Anything is possible."

Both the Houthis and the Iraqi militias "lack the strategic deep strike capability against Israel that Hezbollah once had," Krieg said.

Renad Mansour, a senior research fellow at the Chatham House think tank in London, said Iraq's Iran-allied militias have all along tried to avoid pulling their country into a major conflict.

Unlike Hezbollah, whose military wing has operated as a non-state actor in Lebanon - although its political wing is part of the government - the main Iraqi militias are members of a coalition of groups that are officially part of the state defense forces.

"Things in Iraq are good for them right now, they're connected to the state - they're benefitting politically, economically," Mansour said. "And also they've seen what's happened to Iran, to Hezbollah and they're concerned that Israel will turn on them as well."

That leaves the Houthis as the likely "new hub in the Axis of Resistance," Krieg said. But he said the group isn't strong enough — and too geographically removed — to strategically harm Israel beyond the rebels' sporadic missile attacks.

Krieg said the perception that the "axis" members were proxies fully controlled by Iran was always mistaken, but now the ties have loosened further.

"It is not really an axis anymore as (much as) a loose network where everyone largely is occupied with its own survival," he said.​
 

What options does Iran have now?

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Missiles fired from Iran are pictured in the night sky over Jerusalem on June 14, 2025. Israel and Iran exchanged fire on June 14, a day after Israel unleashed an unprecedented aerial bombing campaign that Iran said hit its nuclear facilities, "martyred" top commanders and killed dozens of civilians. Photo: AFP

As Israel-Iran conflict continues, former US nuclear negotiator Alan Eyre told Al Jazeera that Iran's options in the face of the Israeli onslaught are "very bleak" and "very limited".

"They have to respond militarily just to save face domestically. But as we've seen, Israel can take the brunt of a lot of that, and it's very unlikely that Iran can cause enough damage internally in Israel to put any sort of pressure on Israel to stop bombing," Eyre said.

"Iran can use diplomatic means, but they don't have that many allies in the international community. But even if they did, Israel has shown that it's spectacularly unwilling to listen to international opinion when it's pursuing what it considers legitimate military goals."

Iran's best option, according to Eyre, is "to just ride it out" and do as much damage as they can to Israel to save face domestically.

"Then, once Israel stops bombing, try to take stock, come up with a new defence strategy, which possibly could include, in fact, trying to get a nuclear weapon, as opposed to just maintaining the capability for a nuclear weapon. And that's very worrisome," he added.​
 

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