[🇧🇩] Pharmaceutical and Chemical Industry in Bangladesh

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[🇧🇩] Pharmaceutical and Chemical Industry in Bangladesh
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Pakistan wants to import medicine from Bangladesh
United News of Bangladesh . Dhaka 15 December, 2024, 17:24

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Pakistan high commissioner to Bangladesh Syed Ahmed Maroof calls on health adviser Nurjahan Begum at her office in Dhaka on Sunday. | UNB Photo

Pakistan has shown its keenness to import medicine from Bangladesh.

Pakistan high commissioner to Bangladesh Syed Ahmed Maroof expressed the interest when he called on health adviser Nurjahan Begum at her office on Sunday.

Bangladesh had made significant progress in the pharmaceutical sector, and Pakistan was interested in importing medicines from Bangladesh, said Maroof.

Healthcare, trade, and overall cooperation between the two countries came for discussion during the meeting.​
 

Sergel nearing Tk 1,000cr annual sales

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Sergel is heading towards generating Tk 1,000 crore in annual sales as over Tk 900 crore worth of the gastrological medicine was sold in the first nine months of this year, according to information technology company IMS Health.

This is one of the largest selling products in the country.

Md Halimuzzaman, CEO of Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Ltd, said he was proud of this single brand of the company reaching such high sales, although it had not reached Tk 1,000 crore yet.

Since the customer base is high, the sales growth now appears low compared to previous years but there is potential for further growth, he said.

The second and third-highest selling medicine brands are also from the same gastrological generic. Sales of Maxpro and Pantonix have reached Tk 486 crore and Tk 376 crore respectively.

In the pharmaceuticals market, the market share of gastrologic products is the highest and Sergel has earned the highest market share over the years for its acceptance among doctors and patients, said Halimuzzaman.

Among the 10 top-selling drug brands, five are gastrological medicines.

Sergel holds a 2.67 percent market share, with sales worth Tk 918 crore in the nine-month period.

Maxpro holds a 1.41 percent market share and the market share of Pantonix is 1.10 percent, the data showed.

Apart from Sergel, some other brands have become popular over the years, said Halimuzzaman.

The fourth-highest selling drug in the nine months period was Napa, with sales reaching Tk 338 crore.

Sales of Cef-3, Monas, Exium, Seclo and Bizoran are also above Tk 200 crore.

Almost all the drug companies have their own brands of these drugs, which bear the same molecular formula, but some gained popularity on gaining people's confidence. And this confidence passes from person to person, he said.

There are 31 generic drugs that sell for over Tk 100 crore. The data showed that sales of 79 generic medicine were above Tk 50 crore.

The data indicates that although the sales of individual brands of products of some companies may not be high, but the brand value of the companies themselves ensures high sales of all their medicines.

Jubayer Alam, company secretary of Renata PLC, said most people over 18 years of age take gastrological medicine as there is no discipline when it comes to food intake and habits.

Due to this, many people suffer from ailments affecting the digestive system, he said.

Demand is growing for rosuvastatin drugs, which lowers cholesterol, as many people are dying of heart attacks, he added.

Even in developed countries, demand for such medicine is growing, so it also may see a good growth in the country, he added.

"We are really happy that we can serve a huge number of patients to overcome ulcer, gastroesophageal reflux disease and hyperacidity related problems with Maxpro," Alam said.

"All Maxpro formulations are manufactured in USFDA, UKMHRA and Anvisa approved facilities so that patients get the best esomeprazole of the country," he added.​
 

It's time to switch to generic prescriptions
Shiabur Rahman
Published :
Jan 09, 2025 22:30
Updated :
Jan 09, 2025 22:30

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The pharmaceutical sector of Bangladesh has achieved quite a success in terms of quality and overseas market penetration. The country exports medicines to over 150 countries with several of the over 250 functional drug manufacturers sending their products even to highly regulated markets like the USA. The local people, however, cannot enjoy the full benefit of the advancement because of the policy constraints that fail to make doctors prescribe medications by their generic names.

The reluctance of doctors to write the generic names of drugs keeps the patients vulnerable to doctors' discretion to prescribe medications by the brand names they wish. This practice raises concerns about affordability, transparency, and accessibility in a country where a significant portion of the population is poor.

Several interrelated factors are responsible for doctors' reluctance to prescribe medications by their generic names with a few of them being pharmaceutical marketing influence, perceived quality concerns, habitual practices, and lack of awareness among patients.

The pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh is highly competitive, with companies competing with each other to draw doctors' attention. Aggressive marketing campaigns, promotional gifts, sponsored trips, and financial incentives are responsible for prescribing some branded medicines. It is very obvious that the doctors who take benefit from any pharmaceutical brand will feel compelled, consciously or unconsciously, to support them, sidelining the use of generics.

Doctors in Bangladesh always stand against the provision of prescribing drugs by their generic names. They argue that if the doctors are compelled to mention only the generic names of medicines, drugstores will decide which brand they will sell to patients, making users vulnerable to low quality medicines, as most citizens are not educated enough to know the difference. It is a misconception. Generic drugs contain the same active ingredients as their branded counterparts and are subject to rigorous quality control measures, particularly bioequivalence tests. Through bioequivalence, the generic drug's biomass and concentration level in blood plasma are compared to the originally researched drugs, and if the results are found to be similar or the difference is within a permissible limit, it is considered to be a bioequivalent tested drug.

Pharmaceutical companies conduct bioequivalence tests on the drugs they export as the regulatory authorities in most of the destination markets have made such tests mandatory, but they usually do not conduct the test on the medicines they sell in the local market. The country's resource constraints act as a deterrent to bioequivalence tests of drugs. Currently there are only two-three institutions in the country which can conduct such tests and the test of a single drug costs around Tk2.0 million. But why does Bangladesh not begin working on the expansion of the facilities to ensure that the tests are more accessible and affordable for the drug manufacturers?

Medical education in Bangladesh puts little emphasis on generic prescription. The medical curriculum here emphasises branded medications, making doctors accustomed to using brand names during their studies and continuing the practice in their professional lives. A lack of awareness among patients also contributes to promotion of the prescription of brand drugs. Patients often trust doctors to make the best decisions for their health and may not question the prescribed brands. This reduces pressure on doctors to prioritise generic options.

Switching to prescriptions based on generic names is not just a matter of convenience; it is a necessity for building a fair and equitable healthcare system in Bangladesh. Such prescription can significantly lower the cost of medicine for patients, which is critically important for a country where a large segment of the population lives below the poverty line. Branded medications are not available everywhere, particularly in remote or rural areas. Prescription of generics ensures that patients have the flexibility to choose from multiple manufacturers. The practice will eliminate doubts about conflicts of interest between doctors and pharmaceutical companies. It fosters greater trust in the healthcare system by prioritising patients' welfare over corporate profits.

Shifting to prescriptions based on generic names could transform the healthcare landscape in Bangladesh. Almost all developed nations and many developing countries like India have switched to such a prescription method. It is high time for Bangladesh to follow suit.​
 

Drugmakers hiring cross-discipline grads amid biomedicine expansion

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Bangladesh's pharmaceutical industry is undergoing a significant transformation, driven by young talent and innovation, according to pharmaceutical professionals.

The industry is shifting from chemical-based medicines to biomedicines, offering fresh graduates unique opportunities to shape the country's future as a global contributor to the pharmaceutical sector, they said.

By fostering research, innovation, and cross-disciplinary roles, the pharmaceutical industry is creating meaningful employment for a generation eager to devote their talent, they stated.

The pharmacists also said the sector now embraces a diverse pool of talent from fields such as biotechnology, genetic engineering, biochemistry, and chemical engineering, challenging the long-held perception that pharmacy graduates dominate these roles.

For example, biochemists are finding opportunities in business development for regulated markets, while pharmacists are being trained to manage intellectual property for pharmaceutical innovations.

The shift toward advanced manufacturing and complex product formulation has further diversified career paths.

Roles such as quality assurance executives, regulatory affairs specialists, and analytical scientists have emerged to meet the demands of stringent global standards.

Several leading companies, including Square Pharmaceuticals PLC, Incepta Pharmaceuticals, Aristopharma, ACI HealthCare Ltd, Globe Biotech, Beacon Pharmaceuticals PLC, and Ziska Pharmaceuticals, are investing heavily in biologics, signalling significant growth in this area.

Biomedicine, which focuses on treatments derived from biological sources, has become a central focus for these companies.

"There are vast opportunities for young graduates in pharmacy, biotechnology, biochemistry, and related disciplines," said M Mohibuz Zaman, managing director and chief executive director of ACI HealthCare Ltd.

"They can contribute across production, quality control, research, and marketing departments in pharmaceutical companies," he said.

Zaman added that expertise in pharmacy is essential across all fields of the pharmaceutical industry, noting, "The future for quality young pharmacists is bright, both at home and abroad."

By channelling their passion into industries like pharmaceuticals, Bangladesh can build a robust economy driven by innovation and self-reliance, he stated.

According to Zaman, as young Bangladeshis rise to meet these opportunities, the country is poised to become a global pharmaceutical powerhouse, showcasing the power of youth-led progress.

"Over the last 20 years, the pharmaceutical sector has grown tenfold, significantly expanding job opportunities for fresh graduates in pharmacy, biotechnology, and related disciplines," said Md Mizanur Rahman, general manager of Incepta Pharmaceuticals.

However, two decades ago, pharmacy and related fields were not widely pursued due to limited opportunities, he noted.

Rahman explained that these disciplines have now become a top choice for students, driven by the sector's immense growth and demand for skilled professionals.

This surge in the pharmaceutical market has created diverse career paths for fresh graduates, spanning supply chain management, regulatory affairs, technical services, marketing, and training within pharmaceutical companies.

He emphasised that as the market continues to expand, so does the need for trained professionals to support the industry's dynamic growth.

The evolving landscape offers young professionals an exciting platform to thrive and contribute to one of Bangladesh's most promising sectors, he said.

"Local pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh are progressively transitioning from chemical medicines to biomedicines," said Md Abu Zafor Sadek, deputy general manager at UniMed UniHealth Pharmaceuticals Ltd.

This shift is creating opportunities for fresh graduates specialising in biotechnology and genetic engineering to make valuable contributions to the pharmaceutical sector, he said.

Sadek noted that most top public and private universities in Bangladesh now offer undergraduate and postgraduate programmes in biotechnology and genetic engineering.

These institutions produce approximately 700 graduates annually, creating a skilled workforce ready to meet the demands of the evolving pharmaceutical industry, he said.

In addition to laboratory, research and development-related roles, Sadek emphasised that fresh graduates have promising career prospects in pharmaceutical marketing departments.

These departments require skilled individuals with expertise in biomedicine to manage and promote specialised product segments effectively.

According to the Bangladesh Association of Pharmaceutical Industries (Bapi), there are over 160 pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh.

Once dependent on imported medicines, the country has become self-sufficient, producing 98 percent of its domestic medicinal needs.

With a market worth $3.5 billion and an annual growth rate of 12 percent, the pharmaceutical industry is a shining example of innovation and resilience, according to Bapi.

Zaman of the ACI highlighted that this growth extends beyond local demands, as Bangladeshi pharmaceutical companies now export high-quality generics to stringent regulatory markets, including the US, the UK, and Europe.

This transformation has redefined career opportunities for young professionals, marking a new era for the country's pharmaceutical sector, he pointed out.​
 

ওষুধশিল্পে নতুন নতুন কাজের সুযোগ
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অলঙ্করণ: আনোয়ার সোহেল/স্টার ডিজিটাল গ্রাফিক্স

দেশের ওষুধশিল্পে বইছে উন্নয়নের হাওয়া। মেধাবী তরুণদের হাত ধরে নতুন নতুন উদ্ভাবনীর মাধ্যমে আরও বিকশিত হচ্ছে এই খাত।

সংশ্লিষ্টদের ভাষ্য, এই খাত এখন রসায়নভিত্তিক ওষুধ থেকে জৈবভিত্তিক ওষুধের দিকে ঝুঁকছে। বিশ্বব্যাপী এসব ওষুধের চাহিদা বেড়ে যাওয়ায় দেশে সদ্য পাস করা তরুণরা এই খাতে নিজেদের ভবিষ্যৎ গড়ার সুযোগ পাচ্ছেন।

গবেষণা ও উদ্ভাবন বাড়াতে ওষুধ প্রতিষ্ঠানগুলো ভিন্ন বিষয়ে পাস করা তরুণদেরকেও কাজে নিচ্ছে।

এই খাতে এখন বায়োটেকনোলজি, জেনেটিক ইঞ্জিনিয়ারিং, বায়োকেমিস্ট্রি ও কেমিক্যাল ইঞ্জিনিয়ারিংয়ের মতো বিষয়ে পড়া তরুণদের চাকরি হচ্ছে। এতদিন শুধু ফার্মেসি বিভাগের স্নাতকরা এই খাতে কাজের সুযোগ পেতেন।

এখন ভিন্ন বিষয়ে পড়া স্নাতকদের নিয়ে ওষুধশিল্প বৈচিত্র্যময় হয়ে উঠছে।

গুণমান নিশ্চিত করতে কর্মকর্তা, নিয়ন্ত্রণ বিশেষজ্ঞ ও বিশ্লেষণ ক্ষমতাসম্পন্ন কর্মীদের নিয়ে দেশের ওষুধশিল্প বিশ্ববাজারে আরও প্রভাবশালী হয়ে উঠছে।

স্কয়ার ফার্মাসিউটিক্যালস, ইনসেপ্টা ফার্মাসিউটিক্যালস, অ্যারিস্টোফার্মা, এসিআই হেলথকেয়ার লিমিটেড, গ্লোব বায়োটেক, বিকন ফার্মাসিউটিক্যালস পিএলসি ও জিসকা ফার্মাসিউটিক্যালসসহ বেশ কয়েকটি শীর্ষ প্রতিষ্ঠান বায়োলজিক্সে প্রচুর বিনিয়োগ করায় এই খাতে উল্লেখযোগ্য প্রবৃদ্ধি দেখা যাচ্ছে।

জৈব উৎস থেকে তৈরি ওষুধের চাহিদা বেড়ে যাওয়ায় এসব প্রতিষ্ঠান এর ওপর বেশি গুরুত্ব দিচ্ছে।

এসিআই হেলথকেয়ার লিমিটেডের ব্যবস্থাপনা পরিচালক ও প্রধান নির্বাহী পরিচালক এম মহিবুজ জামান দ্য ডেইলি স্টারকে বলেন, 'ফার্মেসি, বায়োটেকনোলজি, বায়োকেমিস্ট্রি ও সংশ্লিষ্ট বিষয়ে পাশ করা তরুণদের চাকরির বিশাল সুযোগ তৈরি হয়েছে।'

'এই স্নাতকরা ওষুধ উৎপাদন, মান নিয়ন্ত্রণ, গবেষণা ও বিপণন বিভাগে কাজ করতে পারবেন।'

তবে ওষুধ কারখানার সব ক্ষেত্রে ফার্মেসিতে দক্ষতা অপরিহার্য উল্লেখ করে তিনি আরও বলেন, 'দেশে-বিদেশে মেধাবী তরুণ ফার্মাসিস্টদের ভবিষ্যৎ উজ্জ্বল।'

তিনি মনে করেন, তরুণদের মেধা কাজে লাগিয়ে বাংলাদেশ ওষুধশিল্পে উদ্ভাবন ও স্বনির্ভরতা অর্জনের পাশাপাশি শক্তিশালী অর্থনীতি গড়ে তুলতে পারে।

তার মতে, তরুণরা এই খাতে কাজের সুযোগ পেলে বাংলাদেশ তাদের নেতৃত্বে বৈশ্বিক ওষুধশিল্পে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ভূমিকা রাখতে পারবে।

ইনসেপ্টা ফার্মাসিউটিক্যালসের মহাব্যবস্থাপক মো. মিজানুর রহমান ডেইলি স্টারকে বলেন, 'গত ২০ বছরে দেশে ওষুধ খাত দশগুণ বেড়েছে। ফার্মেসি, বায়োটেকনোলজি ও সংশ্লিষ্ট শাখায় স্নাতকদের চাকরির সুযোগ অনেক।'

দুই দশক আগে সুযোগ না থাকায় তা সম্ভব হয়নি বলেও জানান তিনি।

তিনি আরও জানান, ব্যাপক প্রবৃদ্ধি ও দক্ষ পেশাদারদের চাহিদা থাকায় অন্যান্য বিষয়ের স্নাতকধারীদের কাছে এই খাত পছন্দের তালিকায় ওপরের দিকে আছে।

ওষুধশিল্পের এই উত্থান নতুন স্নাতকদের পেশা গড়ার পথ তৈরি করেছে। সরবরাহ ব্যবস্থাপনা, মান নিয়ন্ত্রণ, প্রযুক্তিগত পরিষেবা ও বিপণন বিভাগে কাজের সুযোগ বেড়েছে।

মিজানুর রহমান আরও বলেন, 'ওষুধের বাজার ক্রমাগত প্রসারিত হচ্ছে। এই শিল্পের আরও বিকাশের জন্য প্রশিক্ষিত পেশাদারদের প্রয়োজন। ক্রমবিকশিত ওষুধশিল্প তরুণদের জন্য চমকপ্রদ কর্মক্ষেত্র হতে পারে।'

ইউনিমেড ইউনিহেলথ ফার্মাসিউটিক্যালস লিমিটেডের উপ-মহাব্যবস্থাপক মো. আবু জাফর সাদেক ডেইলি স্টারকে বলেন, 'দেশের ওষুধ প্রতিষ্ঠানগুলো রসায়নভিত্তিক ওষুধ থেকে জৈবভিত্তিক ওষুধ তৈরির উদ্যোগ নেওয়ায় বায়োটেকনোলজি ও জেনেটিক ইঞ্জিনিয়ারিংয়ে নতুনদের অবদান রাখার সুযোগ তৈরি করছে।'

এখন দেশের শীর্ষ পাবলিক ও বেসরকারি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়গুলোয় বায়োটেকনোলজি ও জেনেটিক ইঞ্জিনিয়ারিংয়ে স্নাতক ও স্নাতকোত্তর কোর্স পড়ানো হচ্ছে।

'বছরে প্রায় ৭০০ স্নাতক তৈরি হচ্ছে। ওষুধশিল্পের চাহিদা পূরণে দক্ষ জনশক্তি তৈরি করা হচ্ছে।'

ল্যাবরেটরি, গবেষণা ও উন্নয়ন বিভাগের পাশাপাশি ওষুধ বিপণন বিভাগে নতুনদের কাজের সুযোগ আছে বলে জানান তিনি।

বিশেষায়িত বিভাগগুলো ভালোভাবে পরিচালনা ও পণ্যের প্রচারের জন্য বায়োমেডিসিনে দক্ষ কর্মীর প্রয়োজন।

বাংলাদেশ ওষুধ শিল্প সমিতির (বাপি) তথ্য বলছে, দেশে ১৬০টির বেশি ওষুধ প্রতিষ্ঠান আছে।

একসময় আমদানির ওপর নির্ভরশীল বাংলাদেশ এখন চাহিদার ৯৮ শতাংশ ওষুধ তৈরি করছে।

সংগঠনটির ভাষ্য, প্রায় সাড়ে তিন বিলিয়ন ডলারের ওষুধের বাজার ও বার্ষিক ১২ শতাংশ প্রবৃদ্ধি নিয়ে ওষুধশিল্প উদ্ভাবন ও স্থিতিশীলতার উজ্জ্বল উদাহরণ হয়েছে।

এসিআইয়ের এম মহিবুজ জামান আরও বলেন, 'স্থানীয় চাহিদা মিটিয়ে বাংলাদেশি ওষুধ এখন যুক্তরাষ্ট্র, যুক্তরাজ্য ও ইউরোপসহ বাজারে রপ্তানি হচ্ছে।'

তিনি আরও বলেন, 'এই প্রবৃদ্ধি তরুণদের নতুন কাজের সুযোগ করে দিচ্ছে। দেশের ওষুধ খাতের জন্য নতুন যুগের সূচনা করেছে।'​
 

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