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[🇵🇰] Everything about latest Kashmir attack

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[🇵🇰] Everything about latest Kashmir attack
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India, Pakistan and the Kashmir attack: What we know
AFP New Delhi
Published: 29 Apr 2025, 20: 56

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Indian army patrols on way to Hapatnar in Anantnag district south of Kashmir on 29 April 2025. AFP

Long-troubled relations between nuclear-armed rivals India and Pakistan have rapidly worsened since a deadly attack in Kashmir targeting tourists that New Delhi blames on Islamabad, accusations it has firmly rejected.

One week since the 22 April attack in which 26 men were killed, the deadliest on civilians in the disputed Himalayan territory in a quarter of a century, analysts worry furious rhetoric on either side may escalate into military retaliation.

What happened?

Gunmen attacked Indian holidaymakers enjoying picturesque Pahalgam, in a lush valley beneath snowcapped Himalayan peaks.

Survivors said the gunmen separated the men, asked several about their religion, and shot them at close range.

All 26 killed were Indian nationals, except one from Nepal. Most were Hindus. One was a Kashmiri Muslim who gave horse rides for tourists.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has vowed to pursue the killers "to the ends of the Earth".

Who were the attackers?

Indian police have identified two Pakistani nationals among the three fugitive alleged gunmen. The other is Indian.

Police say they are members of the Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), meaning the "Army of the Righteous", designated a terrorist organisation by the United Nations.

No group has claimed responsibility.

India accuses LeT of the 2008 Mumbai attacks, when 10 Islamist gunmen carried out a multi-day siege of the country's financial capital killing 166 people

New Delhi last week accused Islamabad of supporting "cross-border terrorism".

Pakistan has denied any role in the Pahalgam attack, rejecting Indian accusations as "frivolous" and saying it was open to a "neutral, transparent and credible" investigation.

What is the issue in Kashmir?

Muslim-majority Kashmir has been divided between India and Pakistan since their independence from British rule in 1947. Both claim the territory in full.

Rebels in the Indian-run area have waged an insurgency since 1989, seeking independence or a merger with Pakistan.

India has an estimated 500,000 soldiers deployed permanently in the territory.

India accuses Pakistan of funding the rebels and aiding their training. Islamabad denies the allegation, saying it only supports Kashmir's struggle for self-determination.

How has India responded?

New Delhi has also issued a raft of punitive diplomatic measures.

Those include suspending a water-sharing treaty, the closure of the main border crossing with Pakistan and downgrading diplomatic ties.

India has ordered all Pakistani nationals to leave the country, with the exception of remaining diplomats, by 29 April.

Security forces have conducted more than 2,000 detentions and interrogations, according to a police source.

The military also destroyed at least nine houses belonging to suspects, fueling the anger of some local officials and a section of the population who denounced it as "collective punishment".

India has also banned more than a dozen Pakistani YouTube channels for allegedly spreading "provocative" content.

How has Pakistan responded?

Pakistan hit back with tit-for-tat measures, including expelling New Delhi's diplomats, and cancelling visas for Indian nationals with the exception of Sikh pilgrims.

It also closed its airspace to Indian airlines.

Islamabad also warned it would regard any attempt by India to stop the supply of water from the headwaters of the Indus River as an "act of war".

Pakistan's defence minister has claimed to have "reinforced" its military to repulse any Indian aggression.

What will happen next?

Some fear that military action is now imminent.

The two countries have traded small arms fire across the Line of Control, the de facto border in contested Kashmir, for five consecutive nights.

The worst attack in recent years in Indian-run Kashmir was at Pulwama in 2019, when an insurgent rammed a car packed with explosives into a security forces convoy, killing 40 and wounding 35.

Indian fighter jets carried out air strikes on Pakistani territory 12 days later.​
 

Pakistan says it shot down Indian drone along Kashmir border
AFP Islamabad
Updated: 29 Apr 2025, 17: 41

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Pakistan's former Prime Minister and leader of the Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) party Shehbaz Sharif AFP file photo

Pakistan's military shot down an Indian drone along the de facto Kashmir border, state radio in Islamabad reported on Tuesday, a week after the deadliest attack on civilians in the contested region in years.

The Indian army also said that both sides exchanged fire for a fifth straight night along the Line of Control (LoC), a heavily fortified zone of high-altitude Himalayan outposts.

There was no immediate confirmation from Pakistan on the exchange of fire but state broadcaster Radio Pakistan reported that the military had shot down an Indian "quadcopter", calling it a violation of its airspace.

Relations between the nuclear-armed neighbours have plummeted after India accused Pakistan of backing an attack in Indian-administered Kashmir on April 22 in which 26 men were killed.

Islamabad has rejected the charge and both countries have since exchanged gunfire in Kashmir, diplomatic barbs, expelled citizens and ordered the border shut.

The unmanned Indian aircraft had attempted to conduct surveillance along the LoC in the Manawar Sector of the Bhimber area, the Radio Pakistan report said.

It did not say when the incident happened. There was no comment from New Delhi.

India said the "Pakistan Army resorted to unprovoked small arms firing across the Line of Control" overnight Monday to Tuesday. The gunfire took place in areas opposite Kupwara and Baramulla districts, as well as in the Akhnoor sector, it said.

The Indian army said its troops had "responded in a measured and effective manner to the provocation". There were no reports of casualties.

India has said Tuesday is the deadline for Pakistani citizens to leave.

'Exercise restraint'

Analysts say they fear bellicose statements will escalate into possible military action.

Muslim-majority Kashmir has been divided between India and Pakistan since their independence from British rule in 1947. Both claim the territory in full.

Rebels in the Indian-run area have waged an insurgency since 1989, seeking independence or a merger with Pakistan.

Indian police have issued wanted posters for three men -- two Pakistanis and an Indian -- who they say are members of the Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Taiba group, a UN-designated terrorist organisation.

They have announced a two million rupee ($23,500) bounty for information leading to each man's arrest and carried out sweeping detentions seeking anyone suspected of links to the killers.

The United Nations has urged the arch-rivals to show "maximum restraint", while China, which shares a border with both India and Pakistan, on Tuesday repeated its call on both sides to "exercise restraint".

"Both India and Pakistan are important countries in South Asia. Their harmonious coexistence is crucial to the peace, stability and development of the region," foreign ministry spokesman Guo Jiakun said.

Iran has already offered to mediate and Saudi Arabia has said Riyadh was trying to "prevent an escalation".

US President Donald Trump downplayed tensions, saying on Friday the dispute will get "figured out, one way or another".​
 

Pakistan says intelligence suggests Indian military action likely soon
REUTERS
Published :
Apr 30, 2025 21:44
Updated :
Apr 30, 2025 21:44

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A Pakistan flag is seen on Pakistan Rangers' Post near the Attari-Wagah border crossing near Amritsar, India, April 26, 2025. India has suspended visa services to Pakistani nationals "with immediate effect" following an attack on tourists near Pahalgam in south Kashmir. Photo : REUTERS/Anushree Fadnavis/Files

Pakistan said on Wednesday it has "credible intelligence" that India intends to launch military action soon, as tensions between the nuclear-armed neighbours escalate following a deadly attack on tourists in Indian Kashmir.

In the April 22 attack, the Islamist assailants segregated men, asked their names and targeted Hindus before shooting them at close range in the Pahalgam area, killing 26 people, officials and survivors said.

India has identified the three attackers, including two Pakistani nationals, as "terrorists" waging a violent revolt in Muslim-majority Kashmir. Islamabad has denied any role and called for a neutral investigation.

Hindu-majority India accuses Islamic Pakistan of funding and encouraging militancy in Kashmir, the Himalayan region both nations claim in full but rule in part. Islamabad says it only provides moral and diplomatic support to a Kashmiri demand for self-determination.

The old rivals, born out of the partition of British colonial India in 1947, have taken measures against each other since the attack, with India putting the critical Indus Waters Treaty in abeyance and Pakistan closing its airspace to Indian airlines.

Pakistan said it had "credible intelligence" that India intends to carry out military action against it in the "next 24-36 hours on the pretext of baseless and concocted allegations of involvement in the Pahalgam incident".

India's foreign and defence ministries did not respond to requests for comment.

In a statement early on Wednesday, Islamabad said it condemned terrorism in all forms and will respond "assuredly and decisively" to any military action from India.

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has vowed to pursue and punish the Pahalgam attackers.

India's cabinet committee on security (CCS), consisting of Modi and his interior, defence, foreign, home and finance ministers, also met on Wednesday, local media reported, its second session since the April 22 attack.

Modi told his military chiefs earlier this week that they have the freedom to decide the country's response to the Pahalgam attack, a government source said.

Small-arms fire between the two armies has spread to more points along the frontier between the two countries.

The Indian army said it responded to "unprovoked" firing from multiple Pakistani army posts around midnight on Tuesday, the sixth consecutive violation of their ceasefire agreement, but did not give further details or report any casualties.

The military operations' chiefs of the two countries also held their weekly conversation by phone on Tuesday, two Indian military sources and a Pakistani official with knowledge of the matter told Reuters.

"The Indian side objected strongly to unprovoked firing happening from Pakistan," one Indian source said. The Pakistani official did not comment on the content of the conversation.

The Pakistani military did not respond to a request for comment.

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, in separate phone calls with India and Pakistan, stressed the need to "avoid a confrontation that could result in tragic consequences".

The United States has also urged the two not to escalate tensions. Secretary of State Marco Rubio is expected to speak soon with his counterparts in India and Pakistan.

Britain has called for calm between its Indian and Pakistani communities, and advised against all travel to Jammu and Kashmir, with few exceptions.​
 

India closes airspace to Pakistan airlines
REUTERS
Published :
May 01, 2025 00:30
Updated :
May 01, 2025 00:30

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India shut its airspace to Pakistani airlines on Wednesday, the government said, days after its nuclear-armed neighbour banned Indian airlines from flying over its territory following the killing of 26 men in an attack on tourists in Kashmir.

The ban on Pakistani aircraft will be from April 30 to May 23, according to a Notice to Airmen (NOTAM) issued by the Indian government.​
 

Rubio to call India and Pakistan FMs, urge not to 'escalate'
AFP Washington
Updated: 30 Apr 2025, 18: 06

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US Secretary of State Marco Rubio File photo

US Secretary of State Marco Rubio will urge his Indian and Pakistani counterparts not to escalate, his spokeswoman said Tuesday, as tensions soar between the arch-rivals after a deadly attack in Indian-administered Kashmir.

"We are reaching out to both parties and telling, of course, them to not escalate the situation," State Department spokeswoman Tammy Bruce told reporters.

"The secretary expects to speak with the foreign ministers of Pakistan and India as early as today or tomorrow," she said.

"He is encouraging other national leaders, other foreign ministers, to also reach out to the countries on this issue," she said.

The United States, which has close ties with India, initially had voiced solidarity after the April 22 attack in which gunmen killed 26 men in the tourism hub of Pahalgam.

Rubio's focus on diplomacy comes after Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi said the army would enjoy "operational freedom" to respond to the attack.

India accuses Pakistan of backing the attack. Pakistan denies the charge but has long criticized Indian rule in divided, Muslim-majority Kashmir.​
 

NEWS ANALYSIS: Indo-Pak tensions

‘Margin for error razor-thin’


Analysts say rivals eying ‘escalation dominance’, but any misstep may trigger a war

Tensions between India and Pakistan, both nuclear-armed, have escalated since last week following a deadly terrorist attack in Indian-administered Kashmir.

Amid war of words from both sides, analysts fear that though both the rivals are not an all-out war, any misstep might trigger a spiralling conflict between the neighbours.

Yesterday, Pakistan claimed India intends to launch military action within "the next 24–36 hours on the pretext of baseless and concocted allegations of involvement in the Pahalgam incident."

On April 22, gunmen killed 26 people in Indian-administered Kashmir, the disputed Himalayan region that has long strained relations between the two neighbours.

India identified three attackers, including two Pakistani nationals. Pakistan has denied involvement and called for a neutral investigation.

Since the attack, both nations have taken retaliatory measures: India has downgraded diplomatic ties, expelled Pakistani nationals and suspended the critical Indus Waters Treaty, and Pakistan has closed its airspace to Indian airlines.

On Tuesday, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi gave the military "operational freedom" to respond, according to a senior government source. Modi also declared India had a "national resolve to deal a crushing blow to terrorism," the source told Agence France-Presse.

The day before, Pakistan's Defence Minister Khawaja Muhammad Asif told Reuters that a military incursion by India was imminent and that Pakistan had made "strategic decisions" in response.

He added that Pakistan was on high alert and would only consider using nuclear weapons if "there is a direct threat to our existence."

The crisis has also united political rivals in both countries.

In Pakistan, where political parties have recently criticised the military, the looming threat has galvanised public and political support for the armed forces.

In India, opposition leader Rahul Gandhi, usually a vocal critic of Modi, stated that the opposition stood united in condemning the attack.

"Whatever steps the government wishes to take, we will fully support them," Gandhi said.

Modi faces intense domestic pressure to respond, as "criticism of the Indian government's perceived failure to protect civilians was also widespread," said Praveen Donthi, an analyst at the International Crisis Group.

Analysts suggest any conflict would focus on achieving "escalation dominance" --demonstrating superior force to shape future relations.

"India is not looking to escalate this crisis," said Yogesh Gupta, a former Indian ambassador, in the South China Morning Post.

"We only want to re-establish deterrence against Pakistan's terror strikes, as we did after Balakot," he added, referring to India's 2019 airstrike on a militant camp in northern Pakistan run by Jaish-e-Mohammed.

Gupta noted that Pakistan's current army chief, Asim Munir, is "far more hostile" than his predecessor, Qamar Bajwa, who had sought de-escalation after the 2019 strike. Thus, "this deterrence will need to be established at a much higher level," Gupta said.

Asfandyar Mir, a Washington-based South Asia security analyst, agreed that India and Pakistan are "moving toward a hot conflict, likely to be more intense than the 2019 crisis."

"The mood in India is one of vengeance, and Indian leadership appears committed to imposing an enormous cost on Pakistan," Mir said, while noting that Islamabad is "equally prepared to counter any Indian action and respond forcefully and swiftly."

"The situation [in 2019] was eventually defused, thanks in part to diplomatic pressure from Washington," said Donthi.

It's unclear how this crisis might unfold without such external intervention, said Christine Fair, a professor at Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service.

Analysts warn that international mediation may be less likely this time than during previous flare-ups.

"The US is preoccupied with Ukraine, Gaza, and the Iran deal, possibly opening space for Beijing to insert itself," said Colin Clarke of the Soufan Center in New York.

However, "given China's close relationship with Pakistan, it is unlikely India would trust it as a neutral mediator."

"The US has been clear: Pakistan is on its own, and the US will not pressure India to hold back," Fair said.

Military analyst Boyko Nikolov said the crisis is "less about strategic victory and more about maintaining credible deterrence while managing domestic narratives."

Both sides are signalling "they can absorb a punch and strike back harder," but the real danger, he added, is a misstep -- such as a poorly calibrated strike or a terrorist attack attributed to the wrong actor -- that could "spiral beyond control."

"For now, both nations are posturing, but the margin for error is razor-thin," said Nikolov, editor-in-chief of BulgarianMilitary.com.​
 

Response to J&K Terror Attack: India gives forces ‘operational freedom’
Modi meets top security brass; Pak FM fears ‘imminent incursion’; UN calls for calm

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Reuters file photo

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has given the country's military "operational freedom" to respond to a deadly attack in Kashmir last week, a senior government source told AFP yesterday, after New Delhi blamed it on arch-rival Pakistan.

A week after the deadliest attack on civilians in the contested region in years, Modi yesterday held a closed-door meeting with army and security chiefs, during which he told the armed forces that they had the "complete operational freedom to decide on the mode, targets and timing of our response to the terror attack", said the government source, who was not authorised to speak to the media.

The development came after Pakistan's defence minister said a military incursion by neighbouring India was imminent.

"We have reinforced our forces because it is something which is imminent now. So in that situation, some strategic decisions have to be taken, so those decisions have been taken," Defence Minister Khawaja Muhammad Asif told Reuters in an interview at his office in Islamabad on Monday.

Yesterday, New Delhi released video images of a stern-faced Modi meeting with army chiefs, as well as Defence Minister Rajnath Singh and National Security Adviser Ajit Doval.

"It is our national resolve to deal a crushing blow to terrorism," Modi said, adding that he has complete faith and confidence in the professional abilities of the Indian Armed Forces.

Earlier in the day, Indian Home Secretary Govind Mohan chaired a high-level meeting with the chiefs of three paramilitary forces and senior officers of other security organisations.

Sources said a meeting of the Cabinet Committee on Security and Political and Economic Affairs will be held, possibly today.

After the terror attack, Modi vowed to pursue the terrorists behind the attack and their patrons to the "ends of the earth" and inflict the harshest punishment on them.

Relations between the nuclear-armed neighbours have plummeted after India accused Pakistan of backing an attack in Indian-administered Kashmir on April 22 in which 26 men were killed.

Islamabad has denied any role and called for a neutral investigation. Both countries have since exchanged gunfire in Kashmir, diplomatic barbs, expelled citizens and ordered the border shut.

Yesterday, the Indian army said that both sides exchanged fire for a fifth straight night along the Line of Control (LoC), a heavily fortified zone of high-altitude Himalayan outposts.

There was no immediate confirmation from Pakistan on the exchange of fire, but state broadcaster Radio Pakistan reported that the military had shot down an Indian "quadcopter", calling it a violation of its airspace.

The unmanned Indian aircraft had attempted to conduct surveillance along the LoC in the Manawar Sector of the Bhimber area, the Radio Pakistan report said.

It did not say when the incident happened. There was no comment from New Delhi.

Analysts say they fear bellicose statements will escalate into possible military action.

During his interview with Reuters, Asif said India's rhetoric was ramping up and that Pakistan's military had briefed the government on the possibility of an Indian attack. He did not go into further details on his reasons for thinking an incursion was imminent.

He said, although Pakistan was on high alert, it would only use its nuclear weapons if "there is a direct threat to our existence".

Meanwhile, Aqeel Malik, Pakistan's minister of state for law and justice, said Islamabad is preparing international legal action over India's suspension of the Indus water-sharing treaty.

He told Reuters late on Monday that Islamabad was working on plans for at least three different legal options, including raising the issue at the World Bank, the treaty's facilitator.

It was also considering taking action at the Permanent Court of Arbitration or at the International Court of Justice in the Hague where it could allege that India has violated the 1960 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, he said.

India last week suspended the World Bank-mediated Indus Waters Treaty of 1960 after the attack in Kashmir, saying it would last until "Pakistan credibly and irrevocably abjures its support for cross-border terrorism".

The bellicose statements have prompted worries of a rapid spiral into military action, with several nations, including neighbouring China, calling for restraint and dialogue.

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres yesterday held calls with Pakistan's prime minister and India's foreign minister to express "deep concern at rising tensions", his spokesman said.

The United Nations chief "underscored the need to avoid a confrontation that could result in tragic consequences. He offered his Good Offices to support de-escalation efforts," spokesman Stephane Dujarric said.

During the call, Pakistan's Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif urged the UN chief to "counsel India" to exercise restraint, his office said.

Iran has already offered to mediate, and Saudi Arabia has said Riyadh was trying to "prevent an escalation".

US President Donald Trump downplayed tensions, saying on Friday the dispute will get "figured out, one way or another".

Meanwhile, the government of India's Jammu and Kashmir territory has decided to shut 48 of the 87 tourist destinations in Kashmir and enhanced security at the remaining ones, according to a government document reviewed by Reuters.

Indian police have issued wanted posters for three men -- two Pakistanis and an Indian -- who they say are members of the Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Taiba group, a UN-designated terrorist organisation.​
 

India asks IMF to review loans to Pakistan, Indian government source says
REUTERS
Published :
May 02, 2025 23:43
Updated :
May 02, 2025 23:43

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India has asked the International Monetary Fund to review loans disbursed to Pakistan, an Indian government source told Reuters on Friday, as tensions between the South Asian neighbours escalated following a deadly attack in Kashmir.

India and Pakistan have announced a raft of measures after an attack on Hindu tourists in Indian Kashmir last week killed 26 men, and there is a fear that the latest crisis between the nuclear-armed rivals could spiral into a military conflict.

New Delhi has identified the three attackers, including two it says are Pakistani nationals, as "terrorists". Islamabad has denied any role and called for a neutral investigation.

India suspended a critical river water sharing treaty and the two countries have closed their airspace to each other's airlines.

Pakistan secured a $7 billion bailout programme from the IMF last year and was granted a new $1.3 billion climate resilience loan in March.

The programme is critical to the $350 billion economy, and Pakistan said it has stabilised under the bailout that helped it stave off a default threat.

India raised concerns with the IMF on its loans to Pakistan, asking for a review, a government source told Reuters without elaborating.

The IMF and India's finance ministry did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

The advisor to Pakistan's finance minister said the IMF programme is "well on track".

"The latest review has been done well and we are completely on track," advisor Khurram Schehzad, told Reuters, adding that Pakistan had very productive spring meetings with financial institutions in Washington.

"We did about 70 meetings ... interest has been very high for investing and supporting Pakistan as the economy turns around," Schehzad said.

The soaring tensions between the two countries has drawn global attention and calls for cooling tempers.

US. Vice President JD Vance said on Thursday that Washington hoped Pakistan would cooperate with India to hunt down Pakistan-based assailants.

Muslim-majority Kashmir is claimed in full by both Hindu-majority India and Islamic Pakistan, but each rules it in parts.

While New Delhi accuses Pakistan of backing an uprising in Indian Kashmir since 1989, Pakistan says it only offers diplomatic and moral support to a Kashmiri demand for self-determination.​
 

India blocks Pakistan PM’s YouTube channel
FE ONLINE DESK
Published :
May 02, 2025 19:57
Updated :
May 02, 2025 19:57

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India on Friday blocked the YouTube channel of Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif amid ongoing tension between the two countries following an attack in the Kashmir region.

"The content is currently unavailable in this country because of an order from the government related to national security or public order. For more details about government removal requests, please visit the Google Transparency Report," read a message on the blocked channel.

Earlier this week, the Indian government blocked 16 Pakistani YouTube channels for allegedly disseminating ‘false, provocative and communally sensitive content’ about India.

The country also objected to the BBC's reportage on the attack.​
 

Pakistani Kashmir orders stockpiling of food as India tensions flare
AFP Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
Published: 02 May 2025, 13: 54

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This handout photograph taken on May 1, 2025 and released by the Pakistan's Inter Service Public Relation (ISPR) shows Pakistan's Army Chief General Syed Asim Munir (Top 3R) standS on military tank speaks with army troops to witness exercise 'Hammer Strike' a high-intensity field training exercise conducted by Pakistan Army’s Mangla Strike Corps at the Tilla Field Firing Ranges (TFFR) in Jhelum, Punjab province. AFP

Pakistan-administered Kashmir called on residents near the de facto border with the Indian side of the region to stockpile food on Friday as tensions flare between the arch-rivals following a deadly attack last month.

India blames Pakistan for the attack by gunmen on civilians at the tourist site of Pahalgam in Indian-administered Kashmir on 22 April that killed 26 men. Islamabad has rejected the charge.

The two nuclear-armed countries have exchanged gunfire for eight consecutive nights along the militarised Line of Control, the de facto border, according to the Indian army, and the uneasy neighbours have issued a raft of tit-for-tat punitive diplomatic measures.

"Instructions have been issued to stock food supplies for two months in the 13 constituencies along the Line of Control (LoC)," the prime minister of Pakistan-administered Kashmir, Chaudhry Anwar ul Haq, told the local assembly on Friday.

The regional government has also created an emergency fund of one billion rupees ($3.5 million) to ensure the supply of "food, medicines and all other basic necessities" to the 13 constituencies, he said.

Government and privately owned machinery was also being deployed to maintain roads in the areas along the LoC, he said.

The attack in Indian Kashmir and subsequent tensions, including expulsions and closed border crossings, have raised fears of a conflagration between India and Pakistan.

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Tuesday gave the military "complete operational freedom" to respond to the attack.

Pakistan has denied any involvement and has said it has "credible evidence" that India is planning an imminent military strike, vowing that any attack would be met with a response.

Fearing a military escalation, authorities in Pakistani Kashmir shut more than 1,000 religious schools for 10 days on Thursday.

India and Pakistan, which both claim Kashmir in full, have fought over the Himalayan territory since the end of British rule in 1947.​
 

Kremlin calls for de-escalation in India-Pakistan tensions
AFP Moscow
Published: 05 May 2025, 18: 02

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Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov attends a joint news conference of Russian President Vladimir Putin and Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko in Moscow, Russia on 18 February, 2022. File photo

The Kremlin on Monday called for de-escalation between India and Pakistan, as tensions between the two nuclear-armed neighbours flare following last month's deadly attack on tourists in the Indian-administered side of the contested Kashmir region.

New Delhi has blamed Islamabad for the 22 April attack in Pahalgam that killed 26 people, sparking a series of heated threats and diplomatic tit-for-tat measures.

"We hope that the parties will be able to take measures (...) that will reduce tensions," Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told reporters, adding that "we are following with great concern the tense atmosphere that has developed on the border."

Russian President Vladimir Putin told Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi during a phone call on Monday that the "particularly privileged partnership" between Moscow and Delhi was "not subject to external influence and continues to develop dynamically in all areas", the Kremlin said in a statement.

Moscow last week said it was ready to mediate after Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov held calls with both sides last week.

The Pakistan military said on Monday it had conducted a second missile test since the stand-off began.

Russia has historically had close ties to India, dating back to the Soviet Union, and is the country's biggest weapons supplier.

"India is our strategic partner. Pakistan is also our partner. We value our relations with both Delhi and Islamabad," Peskov said.​
 

Death toll from India strikes rises to 31: Pakistan military
FE Online Desk
Published :
May 07, 2025 23:56
Updated :
May 07, 2025 23:56

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Pakistan's military has shared an updated death toll following India's overnight strikes.

A spokesperson for the army says 31 people have been killed and 57 injured, reports the BBC.

The previous total was 26 people killed and 46 injured.​
 

Tarique urges restraint amid India-Pakistan tensions
Published :
May 07, 2025 20:17
Updated :
May 07, 2025 20:17

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BNP Acting Chairman Tarique Rahman has condemned the military attacks amid escalating tensions between India and Pakistan, urging all parties to exercise restraint and prioritise a peaceful resolution to the conflict.

In a statement posted on his official Facebook page on Tuesday, Tarique Rahman said, “As there is an escalation of tensions in the neighbourhood, we condemn military attacks and extend condolences to the victim families.”

“We urge stakeholders to show restraint and take steps for peaceful solution to the conflict,” he said, UNB reports.

The BNP leader said a stable and peaceful region, built upon shared interests and aspirations, serves the best interests of all.

The renewed tension between India and Pakistan has raised concerns across South Asia, with regional and international actors closely monitoring the situation.​
 

Pakistan PM says India ‘will have to suffer the consequences’
FE ONLINE DESK
Published :
May 07, 2025 23:06
Updated :
May 07, 2025 23:06

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Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, in his address to the nation, said India “will have to suffer the consequences” of its air strikes last night, reports the DAWN.

“Maybe they were thinking we would step back, but they forgot this is a nation of the brave.”

He said it “took only a few hours” for the Pakistani military to bring its enemy to its knees in retaliation against India for its air strikes.

“With the grace of God, our jets created such a storm in the sky that the enemy screamed. Five war jets which were the pride of India have now just ash and rubble.”

The Pakistan Air Force’s jets dealt such damage to the Indian forces that they left wounds “which even time will not be able to heal,” the PM added.​
 

Dozens killed as India, Pakistan clash in worst violence in decades
AFP Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
Published: 07 May 2025, 22: 52

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Journalists film missile fragments at the compound of an Islamic seminary after Indian strikes in Ahmedpur Sharqia, about 7 kilometers from Bahawalpur in Pakistan's Punjab province, on May 7, 2025.

India and Pakistan exchanged heavy artillery fire along their contested frontier on Wednesday after New Delhi launched deadly missile strikes on its arch-rival, in the worst violence between the nuclear-armed neighbours in two decades.

At least 38 deaths were reported, with Islamabad saying 26 civilians were killed by the Indian strikes and firing along the border, and New Delhi adding at least 12 dead from Pakistani shelling.

The fighting came two weeks after New Delhi blamed Islamabad for backing an attack on the Indian-run side of disputed Kashmir, which Pakistan denied.

The South Asian neighbours have fought multiple wars over the divided territory since they were carved out of the sub-continent at the end of British rule in 1947.

The Indian army said "justice is served", reporting nine "terrorist camps" had been destroyed, with New Delhi adding that its actions "have been focused, measured and non-escalatory in nature".

Pakistan Defence Minister Khawaja Muhammad Asif accused Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi of launching the strikes to "shore up" his domestic popularity, adding that Islamabad "won't take long to settle the score".

Pakistan military spokesman Ahmed Sharif Chaudhry said five Indian jets had been downed across the border overnight.

An Indian senior security source, who asked not to be named, said three of its fighter jets had crashed on home territory.

Children among the dead
The largest Indian strike was on an Islamic seminary near the Punjabi city of Bahawalpur, killing 13 people according to the Pakistan military.

A government health and education complex in Muridke, 30 kilometres from Lahore, was blown apart, along with a mosque in Muzaffarabad -- the main city of Pakistan-administered Kashmir -- killing its caretaker.

Four children were among those killed in Wednesday's attacks, according to the Pakistan military.

Pakistan also said a hydropower plant in Kashmir was targeted by India, damaging a dam structure, after India threatened to stop the flow of water on its side of the border.

Pakistan had earlier warned that tampering with the rivers that flow into its territory would be an "act of war".

India's Defence Minister Rajnath Singh said the overnight operation was New Delhi's "right to respond" following the attack on tourists in Pahalgam in Kashmir last month.

Pakistan had denied any involvement in the Pahalgam assault and called for an independent probe.

Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif labelled India's strikes a "heinous act of aggression" that would "not go unpunished" and his National Security Committee called on the international community to hold India "accountable".

'Terrible sounds in the night'
In Muzaffarabad, United Nations military observers arrived to inspect a mosque that Islamabad said was struck by India.

"There were terrible sounds during the night, there was panic among everyone," said Muhammad Salman, who lives close to the mosque.

"We are moving to a safer place... we are homeless now," added 24-year-old Tariq Mir who was hit in the leg by shrapnel.

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National Cadet Corps (NCC) cadets shout slogans after conducting an emergency simulation drill as part of the nationwide civil defence mock drills in Amritsar on May 7, 2025 as border tensions surge AFP

Residents collected damaged copies of the Koran from among concrete, wood, and iron debris scattered across the grounds.

In Indian-held Kashmir, residents fled in panic from the Pakistan shelling.

"There was firing from Pakistan, which damaged the houses and injured many," said Wasim Ahmed, 29, from Salamabad village.

"They were taken to hospitals in Uri and Baramulla towns. There has been extensive damage here, everything is destroyed, and people are fleeing the area."

'Maximum restraint'

India had been widely expected to respond militarily to the Pahalgam attack on April 22 that killed 26 people, mainly Hindu men, which it blamed on Pakistan-based group Lashkar-e-Taiba, a UN-designated terrorist organisation.

The two nations have traded days of threats and tit-for-tat diplomatic measures, while Pakistan has conducted two missile tests.

The Indian army has reported nightly gunfire along the heaviliy militarised Line of Control that separates the region since 24 April.

"Escalation between India and Pakistan has already reached a larger scale than during the last major crisis in 2019, with potentially dire consequences", International Crisis Group analyst Praveen Donthi said.

Diplomats have piled pressure on leaders to step back.

"The world cannot afford a military confrontation between India and Pakistan," the spokesman for UN chief Antonio Guterres, Stephane Dujarric, said in a statement.

US President Donald Trump told reporters in Washington he hoped that the fighting "ends very quickly".

Concern poured in, including from China -- a mutual neighbour of both nations -- as well as from the EU, Britain, France, Russia, Germany and Turkey, while airlines have cancelled, diverted or rerouted flights.

Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi is expected in New Delhi on Wednesday, two days after a visit to Islamabad, as Tehran seeks to mediate.

Rebels in Indian-administered Kashmir have waged an insurgency since 1989, seeking independence or a merger with Pakistan.

India regularly blames its neighbour for backing armed groups fighting its forces in Kashmir, a charge that Islamabad denies.​
 

Nations urge restraint in India-Pakistan clash
AFP
Published: 07 May 2025, 20: 01

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Locals stand on the debris of destroyed structures at the Government Health and Educational complex in Muridke about 30 kilometres from Lahore, on May 7, 2025, after Indian strikes. The death toll from Indian strikes on Pakistan has increased to eight, the country's military spokesman said on May 7, as India fired missiles at Pakistani territory and Islamabad vowed to "settle the score" AFP

Deadly clashes between India and Pakistan sparked alarm and calls for restraint from around the world on Wednesday.

The violence was the worst to erupt between the nuclear-armed neighbours and arch-foes in two decades.

Here is a roundup of key reactions:

'Prioritise peace': China

"We call on both India and Pakistan to prioritise peace and stability, remain calm and restrained and avoid taking actions that further complicate the situation," China's foreign ministry said.

'Hope it ends very quickly': Trump

"It's a shame, we just heard about it," said US President Donald Trump.
"I just hope it ends very quickly," he later added.

'Defuse situation':US

US Secretary of State Marco Rubio "is encouraging India and Pakistan to re-open a channel between their leadership to defuse the situation and prevent further escalation," said US National Security Council spokesman Brian Hughes, after Rubio spoke with his counterparts from India and Pakistan.

'Maximum military restraint': UN

"The Secretary-General is very concerned about the Indian military operations across the Line of Control and international border. He calls for maximum military restraint from both countries," said the spokesman for UN chief Antonio Guterres.

"The world cannot afford a military confrontation between India and Pakistan."

'Show restraint': EU

"We do urge both sides to show restraint and take immediate steps towards de-escalation," said foreign affairs spokesman Anouar El Anouni.

"The EU recalls the need for a negotiated, agreed and lasting, peaceful solution to the conflict."

'Exercise restraint': France

"We understand India's desire to protect itself against the scourge of terrorism, but we obviously call on both India and Pakistan to exercise restraint to avoid escalation and, of course, to protect civilians," French Foreign Minister Jean-Noel Barrot, told TF1 television.

The fighting comes two weeks after New Delhi accused Islamabad of backing an attack on the Indian-run side of disputed Kashmir.

'Deeply worried': Germany's Merz

"We are deeply worried by last night's clashes between these two nuclear powers," Germany Chancellor Friedrich Merz said in a joint news conference with French President Emmanuel Macron.

"Now more than ever ... reason and clear-headedness are required."

'Serious concern': UK's Starmer

"Rising tensions between India and Pakistan will be of serious concern for many across Britain," UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer told parliament. His country is home to many citizens of Indian and Pakistani descent.

"We are engaging urgently with both countries, as well as other international partners, encouraging dialogue, de-escalation and the protection of civilians."

'Prevent further deterioration': Russia

Russia's foreign ministry said it was "deeply concerned by the escalation of military confrontation" and called "on the parties to exercise restraint to prevent further deterioration".

It hoped tensions could be "resolved through peaceful, diplomatic means".

Risk of 'all-out war': Turkey

"The attack carried out last night by India runs the risk of an all-out war," said a Turkish foreign ministry statement after India's deadly missile strikes.

"We condemn this provocative initiative as well as the attacks targeting civilians and civilian infrastructure."

'Dialogue and diplomacy': Afghanistan

The Taliban government in Afghanistan said further escalation was not "in the interest of the region" following the latest clashes.

A foreign ministry statement said Kabul "urges both sides to exercise restraint and resolve their issues through dialogue and diplomacy".​
 

India dominates in overall strength, Pakistan leads in nuclear arsenal
Staff Correspondent Dhaka
Published: 07 May 2025, 18: 20

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India and Pakistan flags File Photo

India and Pakistan exchanged heavy artillery along their contested frontier on Wednesday after New Delhi launched deadly missile strikes on its arch-rival, in the worst violence between the nuclear-armed neighbours in two decades.

At least 36 deaths were reported. Islamabad said 26 civilians were killed by the Indian strikes and firing along the border, while New Delhi said at least eight died from Pakistani shelling, according to AFP.

However, the terrorist attack in Kashmir on 22 April that killed 26 people was the beginning of the renewed hostilities between India and Pakistan, who have been arch rivals and have fought several wars since their partition in 1947, but they have been maintaining military power for long considering the geopolitical perspectives.

As many people feared both would eventually test their militarily might amid escalating tension, thus, the military capabilities of both countries have come to limelight. Recently, Malaysia-based website Defence Security Asia published an analysis on the military capabilities of both countries, citing Global Firepower Index 2025.

Overall military ranking and power index

India with a Power Index (PwrIndx) score of 0.1184 and Pakistan with a score of 0.251 ranked 4th and 12th respectively in the Global Firepower Index (GFP) 2025, which evaluates 145 nations based on over 60 factors including manpower, equipment, finances, geography, etc.

Lower PwrIndx scores indicate stronger militaries. India’s higher ranking reflects its larger population, bigger defense budget, and more extensive military assets. On the other hand, Pakistan, while formidable, faces constraints due to a smaller economy and reliance on foreign suppliers, particularly China, according to Defence Security Asia.

Manpower

Manpower is a critical factor in conventional warfare, especially for India and Pakistan, given their large populations and reliance on ground forces.

India has 1.4 billion populations (second largest in the world), 662 million available manpower, 1.46 million active personnel (second globally), 1.16 million reserve personnel (seventh globally), 2.53 million paramilitary forces (second globally) and 5.1 million total military strength including active, reserve, and paramilitary.

Pakistan has 252 million population (fifth in the world globally), 108 million available manpower, 654,000 active personnel: (7th globally), 650,000 reserve personnel. The country’s paramilitary forces are not explicitly quantified in GFP but it has significant, including Rangers and Frontier Corps. Its total military strength including active, reserve, and paramilitary is 1.7 million.

India has over twice the active personnel and significantly larger reserve and paramilitary forces than Pakistan has, but Pakistan has a high proportion of its population dedicated to military service and leverages irregular forces like ‘Mujahids coordinated by the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI).

Defense budget

India increased defense budget by 9.5 per cent to USD 79 billion in the 2025-26 fiscal, which is 2.1 per cent of the GDP. India becomes the third largest military spenders after the US and China.

Pakistan spends USD 10-12 billion in the 2025-26 fiscal, which is 3.6 per cent of the GDP. The country is not in the top tier because of economic challenges, but received USD $100 million in 2018 in foreign military assistance, primarily from the US and China.

India’s defense budget is approximately 6-8 times larger than Pakistan’s, enabling greater investment in advanced technology, infrastructure, and force modernisation while Pakistan faces budget constrains on maintaining a large standing army and nuclear arsenal, but Chinese support bolsters its capabilities.

Land Forces

Ground forces are central to India-Pakistan conflicts. Both countries share 3,323 km border and have a history of engaging in conventional wars in 1947, 1965, 1971 and 1999.

India has 4,614 tanks (6th globally), 151,248 armoured vehicles and 9,719 artillery pieces. Its special forces include Para SF, Ghatak Force and MARCOS.

Pakistan has 3,742 tanks, about 50,000 armoured vehicles and 4,472 artillery pieces including 375 self-propelled howitzers. Its special forces include Special Services Group (SSG), SSG Navy, Special Service Wing, respected but smaller in scale.

India certainly has a numerical advantage in tanks, armoured vehicles, and artillery while Pakistan maintains a competitive tank fleet, with Chinese VT-4 tanks offering modern capabilities, and also possesses infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs) with diverse platforms like the M113 and Al-Fahd.

Air Forces

Air superiority is critical in modern warfare, predominantly for rapid response and precision strikes.

India has a total of 2,229 aircraft, including 513-606 fighter jets. Its air force has fighter jets include Sukhoi Su-30MKI, Rafale, Tejas Mk1 (indigenous), MiG-29, Mirage 2000, as well as Apache AH-64E and Chinook helicopters. Its support aircraft operates 4 airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) systems and Ilyushin Il-78 tankers. India’s air defense has S-400 systems (deliveries began 2020), enhancing long-range defense.

Pakistan has 1,399-1,434 aircraft, including 328-387 fighter jets, which include F-16 Fighting Falcon, JF-17 Thunder (Chinese) and Mirage III/V. The country has more attack helicopters than India, including AH-1F Cobras. Support aircraft consists of 7 AEW&C systems, outperforming India in ISR capabilities. Pakistan is upgrading F-16s with Turkish Roketsan missiles and trialling CZ Bren, FN-SCAR. Its air defense HQ-9 (Chinese) is less advanced than India’s S-400.

India’s air force is larger and more diverse while Pakistan has a smaller air force, but it is modernising, Pakistan has advantage in AEW&C systems bolsters situational awareness, but it lags in advanced air defence and overall fleet size.

Naval Forces

Naval capabilities are vital for India’s maritime interests in the Indian Ocean and Pakistan’s Arabian Sea operations.

India has 67,700 navy personnel, 294 vessels, 2 aircraft carriers (INS Vikramaditya, INS Vikrant), 18 submarines, including nuclear-powered INS Arihant, 13 destroyers, 14 frigates, 106 patrol vessels and 75 combat-capable aircraft, including MiG-29K.

Pakistan has 23,800 navy personnel, 121 vessels, 8 submarines (Agosta-class, Chinese Yuan-class), 9 frigates, 17 patrol vessels: 17 and 8 combat-capable aircraft.

India’s navy is significantly larger and more capable, with aircraft carriers enabling power projection across the Indian Ocean. Pakistan’s smaller navy focuses on coastal defense and regional operations, with submarines posing a threat to Indian shipping lanes. The absence of carriers and limited naval aviation restricts Pakistan’s maritime reach.

Nuclear capabilities

Both India and Pakistan are nuclear-armed, shaping their deterrence strategies.

India has 130-140 warheads. Its delivery systems include Agni-III/V ballistic missiles (3,000-5,000 km range), Mirage 2000, Rafale for air delivery, INS Arihant for sea-based deterrence. India maintains No First Use (NFU) doctrine, with massive retaliation against nuclear attack.

Pakistan has 140-150 warheads, slightly more than India. Its delivery systems consist of Shaheen-II/III ballistic missiles, F-16s, Babur cruise missiles, naval platforms under development. The country follows a full-spectrum deterrence doctrine, including tactical nuclear weapons to counter India’s conventional superiority.

Strategic and operational considerations

India maintains strong ties with Russia, France, Israel, and the US to enhance technology access and the country’s participation in exercises like RIMPAC improves interoperability while Pakistan has deep ties with China and limited US support (MNNA status) to bolster capabilities.

India focuses on conventional superiority and deterrence against both Pakistan and China. The “Cold Start” doctrine envisions rapid, limited incursions to punish Pakistan without triggering nuclear escalation. Pakistan emphasises asymmetric warfare and nuclear deterrence to counter India’s conventional edge.

India’s bureaucratic interference, slow acquisitions, and counterinsurgency focus have diluted conventional war readiness, while, for Pakistan, economic constraints limit fuel and equipment maintenance.

India’s broader strategic focus (China and Pakistan) stretches its resources but drives modernisation while Pakistan’s narrower focus on India allows efficient resource allocation, but economic woes and border clashes with regional tension Afghanistan weaken its posture.​
 

Pakistan PM Shehbaz vows 'every drop of blood' spilt to be avenged

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Pakistan's Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif. File Photo/Reuters

PM Shehbaz has vowed that "every drop of blood" spilt by those slain in last night's air strikes by India would be avenged.

"This is the cowardly enemy that attacks unarmed civilians and thinks itself stronger. But we proved last night that Pakistan knows how to deliver a befitting response in its defence. The nation pays tribute to the bravery and strength of the armed forces."​
 

Death toll from India strikes rises to 31: Pakistan military
FE Online Desk
Published :
May 07, 2025 23:56
Updated :
May 07, 2025 23:56

View attachment 17104

Pakistan's military has shared an updated death toll following India's overnight strikes.

A spokesperson for the army says 31 people have been killed and 57 injured, reports the BBC.

The previous total was 26 people killed and 46 injured.​

26 figure was given to match India's death figure. Infact, Pakistan is moving dead bodies with JCB. 14 members from alone Masood Azahar's family have died.
 

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