[🇧🇩] Press Freedom in Bangladesh

[Saif]

Proper reforms will strengthen the media

The changes proposed by the Media Reform Commission will address journalist vulnerabilities.

www.thedailystar.net

Proper reforms will strengthen the media
Proposed changes by media commission to address journalist vulnerabilities

VISUAL: STAR

We welcome the long-overdue official conversation on legislating protection for journalists in Bangladesh. The chief of the Media Reform Commission recently announced plans to recommend a new law to safeguard journalists, as well as amending 32 existing laws that hinder press freedom. Such initiatives are critical if we want a media industry that can truly serve as the fourth pillar of democracy, holding those in power accountable.

At a recent dialogue in Dhaka, the commission chief also underscored the importance of financial security for journalists, advocating for a minimum floor wage applicable nationwide. This statement coincides with the unveiling of findings from a Broadcast Journalist Center (BJC) survey that revealed that over half of the country's TV channels are failing to pay their employees on time, while at least 20 percent owe workers several months' salaries. The survey also found that less than 25 percent of channels provide provident funds, and only 10 percent offer gratuities. Similar challenges plague many print outlets as well. Alarmingly, especially outside Dhaka, journalists often have to juggle multiple roles—as reporters, ad procurers, and salespeople—leaving them vulnerable to corruption and exploitation.

Physical security remains another major concern. Reports of journalists facing attacks—sometimes fatal—while pursuing their work are far too frequent. We cannot forget the tragic death of Golam Rabbani Nadeem, district correspondent of Banglanews24.com and Ekattor TV, who was beaten to death after reporting on a local upazila parishad chairman's activities in Jamalpur. Equally haunting is the unresolved case of journalist couple Sagar Sarowar and Meherun Runi, who were murdered in their home 12 years ago, with justice still eluding their families.

In addition to these risks, journalists also face job insecurity. According to the BJC survey, at least 150 TV journalists lost their jobs this year alone. Expecting journalists to uphold high standards under such conditions is not only unrealistic, but also inhumane. This is why we applaud the Media Reform Commission's initiative to address these systemic issues. Reforms must ensure that the press is free from government interference and undue influence from powerful entities. Introducing a uniform code of conduct, aligned with international best practices, could help promote ethical and high-quality journalism.

Such measures are crucial to fostering a media landscape capable of holding power to account. We eagerly await substantive reforms that will enable journalists to thrive professionally and contribute to a more transparent, accountable society. Independent, fact-based journalism benefits everyone—and its sustainability depends on the authorities' commitment to ensuring journalists' well-being.​

 

[Saif]

Four journos of a newspaper injured in attack

Four journalists, including the editor and managing editor of the Janabani newspaper, were injured in an attack by criminals near their office in the capital's Banglamotor area yesterday afternoon.

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Four journos of a newspaper injured in attack

Four journalists, including the editor and managing editor of the Janabani newspaper, were injured in an attack by criminals near their office in the capital's Banglamotor area yesterday afternoon.

The incident took place around 4:30pm when the journalists were on their way to the office.

The injured include Shafiqul Islam, editor and publisher of Janabani, Managing Editor Raju Ahmed Shah, Special Correspondent Bashir Hossain Khan, and online editor Ataur Hossain.

According to Bashir Hossain, a group of 20-22 men ambushed them.

"At first, we could not comprehend the situation. It appeared to be a pre-planned attack. We did not recognise any of them," he said.

He further mentioned that earlier a person named Ramzan had come to the Janabani office and threatened the staff.

The attackers reportedly first inquired about their names before launching the assault. "The way they came at us suggested that someone had directed them to attack us," Bashir added.

The journalists were taken to the emergency department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital around 6:00pm. They received treatment for their injuries and were later discharged.​

 

[Saif]

Suspension of accreditation cards a threat to free press

Says it poses threat, obstacle to independent journalism

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Suspension of accreditation cards a threat to free press
Says Editors’ Council

The Editors' Council, in a statement yesterday, strongly condemned the suspension of journalists' accreditation cards and access to the Secretariat, stating that such an order poses a threat and obstacle to independent journalism.

On Friday, the Ministry of Home Affairs issued an order through a press release, which stated that the decision was made in the wake of security concerns arising from a fire incident at the Secretariat.

The order said that journalists' access to the Secretariat via accreditation cards has been suspended until further notice.

The next day, the Chief Adviser's Press Wing expressed regret over the restriction of journalists' access. In a statement, it said that, considering the security of the Secretariat, the administrative hub, journalists' entry using the current accreditation cards had been limited along with all other non-government passes.

The government also announced plans to review the existing press accreditation cards soon, it added.

Yesterday, a press note from the Department of Information stated that the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting is reassessing the accreditation cards.

The note further mentioned that permanent and temporary accreditation cards/passes will be reissued soon, and temporary passes for journalists will be provided starting today.

While welcoming the initiative to reassess and review the accreditation cards, the Editors' Council said that there is room for collaboration, if necessary, to identify unprofessional journalists.

However, it emphasised that imposing a blanket restriction on journalists' access is perceived globally as an attack on independent journalism, the statement said.

"Such tendencies were also evident during the fascist rule of the Awami League. When financial irregularities were rampant, journalists' access to regulatory institutions like Bangladesh Bank was restricted. During that time, journalists' stance on such activities was clear and unequivocal, as seen during the pre-uprising era leading to the downfall of the Sheikh Hasina government on August 5," the statement said.

The statement further added that after the interim government took office, demands arose for the reform or repeal of the Cyber Security Act.

On November 7, the interim government made a policy decision to repeal the act, and subsequently, on December 24, the advisory council of the interim government approved the draft of the Cyber Protection Ordinance, 2024.

"The new ordinance retains the same powers for the police as before, particularly outlined in Sections 35 and 36. Notably, the repealed Cyber Security Act also granted similar powers to the police, which was one of the major concerns raised by the Editors' Council regarding the misuse of police authority under the law," the statement read.

The Editors' Council said that the unwarranted cancellation of journalists' accreditation cards and access to the Secretariat is unjustified.

Moreover, it noted that the unilateral adoption of the ordinance without consultation with relevant stakeholders is disappointing and reflects an authoritarian mindset.

"Alongside protesting the cancellation of access, the council called for appropriate steps to address the concerns raised about the provisions in the draft Cyber Protection Ordinance, 2024, based on the opinions of all relevant stakeholders," it stated.​

 

[Saif]

CA’s Press Wing sits with journalist groups

The Chief Adviser’s Press Wing on Monday held a meeting with the leaders of Bangladesh Federal Union of Journalists, Dhaka Union of Journalists, Dhaka Reporters’ Unity and Bangladesh Secretariat Reporters Forum (BSRF). “We told them we regret the inconvenience caused by the decis

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CA’s Press Wing sits with journalist groups
UNB
Published :
Dec 30, 2024 20:53
Updated :
Dec 30, 2024 20:53

The Chief Adviser’s Press Wing on Monday held a meeting with the leaders of Bangladesh Federal Union of Journalists, Dhaka Union of Journalists, Dhaka Reporters’ Unity and Bangladesh Secretariat Reporters Forum (BSRF).

“We told them we regret the inconvenience caused by the decision to limit entry of journalists at the Secretariat,” Press Secretary Shafiqul Alam said after the meeting.

They appreciated the government’s decision to quickly issue temporary entry passes to more than 200 journalists, he said.

“We’ve assured them the government would come up with more journalist-friendly and efficient accreditation cards for journalists,” Alam said.

No journalists will be affected by the new move, he said.

Leaders of all four groups who joined the meeting agreed to submit their proposals to improve accreditation cards and entry system for the Secretariat, Alam said.

“We believe in freedom of press and free flow of information. We also won’t compromise an inch on the question of national security,” Alam said.​

 

[Saif]

Challenges to media freedom in post-Hasina Bangladesh

Post-uprising media changes in Bangladesh face setbacks amid ongoing challenges.

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Challenges to media freedom in post-Hasina Bangladesh

FILE VISUAL: ANWAR SOHEL

After the student-led mass uprising in July-August 2024, a lot of expectations emerged within society, which was normal. The media sector is no exception. During Sheikh Hasina's 15-plus years of hybrid regime, standard journalism practices declined drastically due to certain actions of a group of pro-Awami League journalists. It would be more appropriate to call them activists of the regime. The press wing of the ousted prime minister and a particular intelligence branch exerted a kind of pressure on our media outlets. That's why, after the Awami League's fall in August, people expected major changes in this sector. However, these expectations, under the interim government led by Prof Muhammad Yunus, have already experienced setbacks for many reasons. It is unfortunate that professional journalists who played a pivotal role in ousting Hasina are now facing unfortunate situations.

After the massive fire at the secretariat on December 26, another controversial decision related to journalism was made. Due to security concerns, the interim government suspended accreditation cards for journalists, including visitor and other passes. Barring others from the secretariat may be necessary, but restricting journalists from performing their daily duties is not acceptable. Although the press wing of the chief adviser clarified the issue and a temporary pass-issuance process was put in place, this decision ultimately did not bode well for media freedom. The Editors' Council and other journalists'-rights-based organisations issued statements saying that such decisions are a threat and an obstacle to independent journalism. By observing the situation closely, I can assume that this particular decision did not help journalism at all. However, I strongly agree with the authorities that many unprofessional journalists are holding accreditation cards for purposes other than journalism. These should be cancelled as early as possible.

Another burning and unfortunate issue is the firing of five senior journalists from Somoy TV. No doubt, this media outlet was one of the notorious propaganda machines of Sheikh Hasina. It systematically spread the regime's disinformation. On the other hand, this channel also targeted individuals who were critical of the ousted fascist regime. That said, firing journalists through "mob justice" is not acceptable. The information ministry and the press wing of the chief adviser failed to address this issue. This was undoubtedly done through the misconduct of student leaders. The press wing and the government should have taken proper action against it, but they did nothing. It has already become an international issue, which does not align with the reputation of Prof Yunus at all.

Yes, we are well aware that different media outlets under Sheikh Hasina became almost party propaganda cells. However, after her fall, intervening in TV channels and newspapers is not acceptable either. Alongside the spin doctors of these outlets, many professional journalists have also lost their jobs in recent months. These decisions were made under pressure and without following due process. A journalist of ATN Bangla is one of them; as far as I know, he had supported the students' movement. Yet, the ATN Bangla authorities fired him. The government did nothing in these journalists' aid. At the very least, it could have issued a strong statement against this malpractice.

Though Sheikh Hasina has fled, and her press and intelligence wings have been dissolved, has the sense of fairness in free journalism disappeared? Not at all. Senior journalist and editor of the daily Manab Zamin, Matiur Rahman Chowdhury, pointed out this issue during a public discussion. I think pressure groups—including some anti-discrimination student activists, government members, powerful political parties, and others—are already acting against media freedom.

I want to conclude with the example of journalist Khaled Muhiuddin, a renowned journalist who faced severe backlash on social media mainly for criticising student leaders. He also became a target after inviting a leader of Bangladesh Chhatra League, student wing of the Awami League, as a guest on his show. Hasnat Abdullah, convener of the anti-discrimination student movement, and Sarjis Alam, secretary of the July Shaheed Smrity Foundation, said Khaled Muhiuddin was "betraying the blood of the martyrs" by promoting Chhatra League. Though the proposed show was not conducted supposedly due to legal reasons, this issue has certainly cast a shadow over media freedom.

According to a report published by Reporters Without Borders (RSF) in May last year, Bangladesh ranks 165th out of 180 countries in the Press Freedom Index. Moreover, RSF identified Bangladesh as one of the most dangerous countries for journalists in their 2024 round-up report.

We don't want Bangladesh to be labelled as a dangerous country for journalism. We don't want further degradation of press freedom, and we don't want to lose the sense of fairness in professional journalism again. Hopefully, the interim government will take prompt and necessary steps in this regard. A new Bangladesh certainly deserves it.

Rahat Minhaz is assistant professor of mass communication and journalism at Jagannath University.​

 

[Saif]

‘Now is the time to pursue stories without fear’

Bangladesh is experiencing “unprecedented media freedom” as it transitions to democracy, said Chief Adviser’s Press Secretary Shafiqul Alam yesterday.

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‘Now is the time to pursue stories without fear’

Shafiqul says country seeing unprecedented media freedom

Bangladesh is experiencing "unprecedented media freedom" as it transitions to democracy, said Chief Adviser's Press Secretary Shafiqul Alam yesterday.

Speaking at the launch of the "Development Media Forum" by Oxfam at a city hotel, he said, "We haven't used security agencies, administrative orders, or repressive laws to muzzle people's voices over the last five months."

Encouraging journalists to ask tough questions, Shafiqul said, "You can criticise me, the panel of advisers, and the chief adviser. You have that freedom."

Highlighting the role of the media, he said, "For democracy to be institutionalised, media freedom is crucial. Now is the time for journalists to pursue any stories without fear."

Shafiqul criticised unchecked development projects, both public and private, for harming the environment and marginalised communities.

"Powerful lobby groups harm nature in the name of job creation. Is it development?" he asked.

Press Institute Bangladesh Director General Faruk Wasif said it is time to question whether inequalities have increased under the Awami League in the name of development.

"The so-called development narrative of past years failed to ensure freedom, serving instead to establish authoritarianism," he said.

Swedish Ambassador Nicolas Weeks highlighted the challenge of misinformation but pledged Sweden's support for good journalism in Bangladesh.

"Media can promote social justice and be the voice of the underrepresented," he added.

Oxfam Bangladesh Country Director Ashish Damle said the organisation aims to enhance knowledge sharing and bridge local and global perspectives for better reporting on key issues, including climate change, gender equality, and social justice.

The event featured journalists, development practitioners, and diplomats discussing the media's role in fostering sustainable development and public debate.​

 

[Saif]

Hasina regime silenced media

Chief Adviser's Press Secretary Shafiqul Alam yesterday said steps must be taken to ensure that no one can directly interfere with the media in the future like it was done during the ousted Sheikh Hasina government.

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Hasina regime silenced media
Shafiqul Alam says previous govt used state agencies to muzzle press

VISUAL: ANWAR SOHEL

Chief Adviser's Press Secretary Shafiqul Alam yesterday said steps must be taken to ensure that no one can directly interfere with the media in the future like it was done during the ousted Sheikh Hasina government.

He said, "Over the past 15 years, intelligence agencies also played a role in silencing newspapers. Journalists would lose their jobs if they received certain phone calls, and news reports had to be removed..."

Shafiqul Alam made these remarks at a discussion titled "Media Reform Proposals: Citizens' Perspectives".

The event was organised by a group named "We Want a Fascism-Free Media" at the Dhaka Reporters' Unity in the capital's Segunbagicha.

Shafiqul said, "The previous government had the capability to control the media. A single phone call from DGFI, NSI, DB, or a minister was enough. I have heard many stories about how they controlled the media."

Advising to compile writings by columnists who defended fascist rule, he said, "Do not spread hatred against anyone. Punishing someone is not our objective. Conduct research; we aim to expose those who crafted the narratives."

Shafiqul said the previous government even justified murder as acceptable through its narratives. He emphasised the need for collective efforts to prevent the seeds of fascism from being sown again in Bangladesh.

He also said, "Ensuring the application of copyright law is crucial. All journalists must speak out strongly on this issue."

"You spend two months working on a report, and in just one minute, another news outlet -- or even a hundred outlets -- steals it. You take a great photo, and a major newspaper publishes it without permission. If you produce a quality report, a hundred outlets steal it. Those who engage in such theft should be shut down."

Akbar Hossain Majumder, press minister at the Bangladesh High Commission in the UK; Plabon Tariq, the group's spokesperson; Uttara University teacher Mahbub Alam, and lawyer Mollah Md Faruque Kaiser also spoke at the event.

Joynal Abedin Shishir, convener of the group, moderated the discussion.

The event concluded with the presentation of 13 proposals aimed at reforming the media.​

 

[Saif]

Effective press council to be formed: Kamal Ahmed

Media Reform Commission chief Kamal Ahmed said the commission has been formed to make the media independent and strong. The commission will recommend the formulation of suitable policies so that the media can play their role properly. Those who will survive in the journalism competition by followi

thefinancialexpress.com.bd

Effective press council to be formed: Kamal Ahmed
RANGPUR CORRESPONDENT
Published :
Jan 19, 2025 22:32
Updated :
Jan 20, 2025 00:20

Media Reform Commission chief Kamal Ahmed said the commission has been formed to make the media independent and strong. The commission will recommend the formulation of suitable policies so that the media can play their role properly.

Those who will survive in the journalism competition by following the rules and regulations properly will be acceptable, he added.

Mr Kamal was speaking at a view exchange meeting with journalists of Rangpur division at the conference room of Rangpur district administration on Sunday afternoon.

The head of the media reform commission said normal development of mass media is not possible without healthy competition. "There is a tendency to use the media for personal and business interests or political influence in the country. There should be a minimum salary guarantee for the country's media workers," he said.

"If journalists do not have financial security, they will not have the mentality to work independently," he said.

In the meeting, the participants presented various proposals for media reform.

The proposals include:
​

• Formation of a media commission​
• Establishment of branch offices of PIB at the divisional level to enhance the skills of journalists​
• Bridging the gap between capital-based journalists and journalists in rural areas​
• Compelling all media to follow the guidelines of the Wage Board​
• Recognition of the profession of journalism​
• Keeping journalists free from partisan influence​
• Establishing control over online media​
• Repealing of laws gagging journalists​
• Determination of minimum educational qualifications for journalists​
• Eliminating party influence on DFP enlistment​
• Providing a unique identification number to journalists​
• Bringing journalists under social security​
• Ensuring equality of opportunity for all​
• Elimination of discrimination in advertising, etc.​

Commission members Shamsul Haque Zahid, Prof Gitiara Nasreen, Begum Kamrunnesa Hasan, Mostafa Sabuj and Abdullah Al Mamun and its deputy secretary Kazi Ziaul Baset, among others, were present at the view exchange meeting.

Around 120 journalists from online, electronic and print media from eight districts and upazilas of Rangpur division joined the meeting.​

 

[Saif]

MRC aims to build independent, strong, objective media: Kamal Ahmed

Media Reform Commission (MRC) Chief Kamal Ahmed said on Tuesday that the main objective of the commission is to build an independent, strong and objective media. He made the remark while exchanging views with journalists from print and electronic media in Rajshahi division at the conference room o

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MRC aims to build independent, strong, objective media: Kamal Ahmed
BSS
Published :
Jan 21, 2025 21:04
Updated :
Jan 21, 2025 21:04

Media Reform Commission (MRC) Chief Kamal Ahmed said on Tuesday that the main objective of the commission is to build an independent, strong and objective media.

He made the remark while exchanging views with journalists from print and electronic media in Rajshahi division at the conference room of the office of the Deputy Commissioner of Rajshahi.

Kamal Ahmed said the commission is working to meet the expectations of the people by overcoming the anger and crisis of trust arisen in the media during the regime of fascist Awami League government due to the inability of doing impartial and independent journalism.

Stressing the need of identifying the weaknesses of the media to meet the people’s expectations, he said they are trying to identify the weaknesses by conducting public opinion surveys based on the opinions of the field level journalists, editors and readers.

In addition, he said, they are also trying to figure out the weaknesses of the media hearing the opinions of newspaper owners and others involved with the media industry.

Referring to compliance with the code of conduct in doing objective journalism, he said that if the code of conduct and principles are followed, it is possible to do objective and impartial journalism alongside removing other obstacles.

Regarding the issue of disclosing the assets of newspaper or television owners, he said that newspaper owners and editors should publish annual financial statement.

When everyone is being held accountable in all cases, why newspaper owners or editors should be exempted from it, he added.

Kamal Ahmed said that the commission will work on bringing them under accountability as well.

Agreeing with the issue of providing assistance to the families of journalists who died during the movement while performing their professional duties, he said that the issue of compensation for the dead and injured is an important question.

“We have to take this into consideration,” he said, adding, they should be brought under assistance through the July Foundation.

He advised the government to be more aware in this regard.

He also said that the issues of withdrawing cases should be considered with priority basis as they have been faced harassment cases, served jail terms and remained unemployed.

Media Reform Commission members Professor Dr Gitiara Nasreen, Shamsul Haque Zahid, Kamrunnesa Hasan, Jimmy Amir, Deputy Information Officer of Rajshahi Regional Information Office Md. Touhiduzzaman, Deputy Regional Director of Bangladesh Betar Rajshahi Mohammad Jahangir Alam, editors of various daily and online newspapers, publishers and journalist leaders of various districts, among others, also joined the meeting.​

 

[Saif]

Media reform should address sectoral male bias

WOMEN’S rights activists and media scholars consider developing a gender-sensitive reporting strategy and an effective system to monitor journalistic practices in print, broadcast and digital media as a priority agenda for media sector reforms. They have expressed their concern at a roundtable...

www.newagebd.net

Media reform should address sectoral male bias
27 January, 2025, 00:00

WOMEN’S rights activists and media scholars consider developing a gender-sensitive reporting strategy and an effective system to monitor journalistic practices in print, broadcast and digital media as a priority agenda for media sector reforms. They have expressed their concern at a roundtable discussion on gender-sensitive reporting and said that the majority of media outlets do not have a gender policy. The policy vacuum results in biased and sensationalised reporting. Considering the biased representation of women, their concerns are not misplaced. Victim-blaming is not uncommon in reporting on issues of gender-based violence and gender inequality. Despite a legal bar on disclosing the identity of rape victims, the media have disclosed the identity of victims on a number of occasions. Sensationalised and objectified representation of women for profiteering has also been a concern. The media reforms commission, formed in November 2024, with plans to revitalise the tradition of public interest journalism and strengthen media freedom should, therefore, make gender policy a priority concern.

In addition to patriarchal bias in reporting, there are other concerns. In recent times, the media sector has seen a significant growth, with 45 television channels, 25 FM radio stations, 32 community radio stations, 1,248 daily newspapers and more than 100 online news portals. Women, however, account for only 4 per cent of the work force and they seldom have access to leadership and decision-making. Studies have showed how patriarchal bias in human resource management and labour policy, particularly reluctance at granting maternity leave or ensuring child care, led to a high drop-out rate among women journalists. Except for a few print media houses, the sector does not comply with the High Court order that has asked all employers to set up anti-sexual harassment cells in offices. It has been reported how unresolved cases of sexual harassment have compelled women to leave their profession. The gender-based wage gap has also been reported. Professional associations for journalists have also failed to ensure women’s representation and rarely addressed issues of gender discrimination. It is, therefore, not an overstatement that the media landscape is male-dominated.

Media reforms should, therefore, include an outlined policy to ensure gender-sensitive reporting and increased women’s participation. In doing so, the government should review the licensing process so that no new media house is given a license without a gender policy and an anti-sexual harassment cell. The Press Institute of Bangladesh and other similar agencies can play a role in providing appropriate training in gender issues and developing a mechanism to prevent sensationalised reporting for profiteering interests. Professional associations of journalists should abandon their male bias and consider fighting patriarchy in the sector and society.​

 

[Saif]

High cost of journalism

Journalism is always challenging, and journalists are subject to various forms of intimidation due to their role in maintaining professionalism. Governments are generally not comfortable with the works of journalists, although, in democratic states, they are obliged to provide adequate room f

thefinancialexpress.com.bd

High cost of journalism
Tanim Asjad
Published :
Jan 31, 2025 23:00
Updated :
Jan 31, 2025 23:00

Journalism is always challenging, and journalists are subject to various forms of intimidation due to their role in maintaining professionalism. Governments are generally not comfortable with the works of journalists, although, in democratic states, they are obliged to provide adequate room for journalism to function. The media is also obligated to play a responsible role in this connection. In this process, an environment of mutual cooperation develops for people's greater interests. Responsible media helps maintain the checks and balances of the government and the establishment. There is, however, no ideal democratic country in the world where journalists enjoy complete independence in their works and freedom of speech is fully ensured. Nevertheless, almost all functional democracies provide the required environment for newspapers and media with some limitations.

Like autocratic and authoritarian countries, non-functional democracies impose various media restrictions, making it difficult to work independently and professionally. Thus, journalism becomes distorted and suppressed in these countries. The autocratic regimes also adopt different techniques to make the media dysfunctional, biased and embedded. Undue monitoring, surveillance and financial tightening forced media outlets to compromise their stance. Supporting the pro-establishment media is another tool for holding back the professional works of journalism. Bangladesh is a good example of this.

During the autocratic regime of Sheikh Hasina, the tool was applied skillfully only to extract pressure on the media and distort the market. The net result is a sharp division among the journalists in the name of party-based so-called ideology. One group blindly extended their support to the Hasina regime on the plea that the regime was the only force that upheld the spirit of the liberation war. They argued that the misdeeds and wrongdoings of the regime should be ignored and not be reported in the media. This section of journalists was awarded for their loyalist role, making it more difficult for others to work professionally. Besides state agencies, the Hasina-loyal media also took a position against those who were critical of the regime, setting a bad example with a long-term negative effect.

During the mass uprising in July-August last year, the media in Bangladesh came under fire for not playing the appropriate role and the professionalism of journalists was questioned seriously. Except for a few media outlets and some journalists, most followed a cautious approach to the plea to avoid backlash from the ousted Hasina government and her political party. The pro-regime journalists also played a role in suppressing the news of killing and intimidating the government to suppress the student-led movement. So, after the fall of Hasina, who fled to India for shelter on August 5, journalists across the country faced intense criticism for obvious reasons. Their trustworthiness also came under question.

The problem is, however, not limited to Bangladesh. Media in India, the largest democracy in the world, has also been facing growing challenges due to the works of pro-government journalists and Modi loyalists. The term' godi media' has been popularised since 2014, indicating a large number of Indian media's non-professional and biased attitude. Instead of informing people properly, the 'godi media' is busy with cooking and fabricating stories where truth is mixed with fiction. The coverage of different things inside and outside India thus often becomes distorted and false. The proliferation of 'godi media' has put reputed newspapers like The Hindu under significant stress.

Again, think about Haaretz, the oldest daily in Israel, which has Hebrew and English versions. After the Hamas assault on October 7, Israel started a full-scale invasion of Gaza, causing the death of 50,000 Palestinians and the destruction of most of the physical infrastructures in the strip. The 15 months of war halted as two sides agreed on a fragile cease-fire deal with effect from January 20. During these months, Haaretz took a strong stance to cover the war in a balanced and unbiased manner that was completely absent in most Israeli and Western media. Israeli government continuously put pressure on the oldest daily and its journalists for its professional stance. The newspaper, however, sustained at a greater cost, setting an example of journalistic ethics and the establishment's unwillingness to accept the truth.​

 

[Saif]

73% people do not read newspapers

Newspapers are losing their appeal across the country, with more readers choosing mobile phones as the preferred device for reading news nowadays, according to a study by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS).

www.thedailystar.net

73% people do not read newspapers
Finds BBS survey on 45,000 households across 64 dists

​

• Only 26% read news​
• 59% read news on phones​
• 37% prefer print newspapers​
• Popular consensus is on media independence​

Newspapers are losing their appeal across the country, with more readers choosing mobile phones as the preferred device for reading news nowadays, according to a study by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS).

According to its findings released yesterday, 26 percent of respondents said they read newspapers. About 59 percent read news on mobile phones, while 37 percent prefer print newspapers.

Those who don't read newspapers make up 73 percent of the respondents, with 46 percent saying they do not feel it is necessary.

"Overall, people haven't lost trust in the media, but interference from political arena, government and influential persons is seen as a major obstacle to publishing objective news," said Md Sayem Hossain, senior information officer of the Media Reforms Commission, in a press release issued yesterday.

The BBS survey, the first of its kind in the country, was conducted across 64 districts, involving the participation of members from 45,000 households aged 10 and above.

Meanwhile, 65 percent of people watch television. Among the 34.58 percent who do not, 53 percent said they don't find it necessary.

During a national disaster or crisis, 35 percent of people first look for updates on news channels on television, followed by 28 percent who turn to social media, and 24 percent who ask a trustworthy person.

The survey reveals that the people want to see the media independent, impartial, and free from government and political influence.

Of the respondents, 15 percent said mass media in the country is not free at all, while 23 percent said it is partially free, 24 percent said it is largely free, and 17 percent believe it is fully free.

Among the 6,849 respondents who believe mass media is not free at all, most cited political interference as the main reason, followed by government interference and influence by powerful individuals.

Nationally, 67 percent of people expect mass media to be independent, 60 percent expect media neutrality or impartiality, 37 percent want media to be free from political influence, and 32 percent expect mass media to be free from government influence.

Most people think state-owned Bangladesh Television and Bangladesh Betar should be operated under the stewardship of the government. Over 56 percent of people believe Bangladesh Television should be operated under government control, while 55 percent said the same for Bangladesh Betar.

In the case of radio, 93 percent of respondents said they do not listen to the radio, with 54 percent saying that they do not find it necessary.​

 

[Saif]

A new reality for free media

Sadly, some very disturbing signs can still be seen that are posing a new set of threats against free press.

www.thedailystar.net

A new reality for free media
We must learn from the past

VISUAL: SALMAN SAKIB SHAHRYAR

Before, when we spoke the truth, we were countered by the state and its agencies. Now, when we speak the truth, we are countered not by the state, but by lies, accusations without any proof, and tagging on the basis of hate narratives. Outrageous accusations are being made against legacy media without any evidence. In rare cases, when examples are cited, they are either false, taken out of context, distorted, or twisted to suit a predetermined goal. Thus, the media today is facing a new challenge in the post-truth era with an audience that is not used to such falsehood, half-truths and distortions, and as such is being victimised and misled.

I am heartened by a recent comment by the chief adviser's press secretary, Shafiqul Alam, for his emphatic assertion of the need for a free media for a country's advancement. He also stressed the necessity to examine the media's role in distorting objective journalism and upholding the fascistic policy and governance structure of the past regime. He repeatedly stressed that power must always be held to account, and invited all media outlets to scrutinise his own government's performance in the spirit of total independence and professionalism.

We would like to commend him for his stance and focus on two aspects of his remarks: the need to examine our past, and to chalk out a path for the media's unfettered and independent future journey.

As for the past, it is true that most newspapers did not challenge the dictatorial regime of Sheikh Hasina during her rule of over 15 years. They either vigorously supported it or hid the truth, deflected issues that deserved criticism, or distorted facts so that the public wouldn't feel negative about the regime.

There were a few of us who defied all threats—both public and undercover—and carried on speaking truth to power. In the case of this newspaper, the antagonism burst into fury when we invited Prof Muhammad Yunus as chief guest at our 25th anniversary celebration in 2016. In the presence of thousands of invited guests, including 22 editors from South and Southeast Asia, a drama was enacted by several Awami League (AL) ministers who publicly staged a walkout, shouting condemnatory remarks, accusing this writer of having insulted them when Prof Yunus appeared on the stage to deliver the keynote speech. This newspaper was accused of "launching" (whatever that meant) Prof Yunus and giving him a huge national and international platform to work against the Hasina government. (Given her venomous remarks, relentless personal attacks, and fictitious cases against Yunus ever since, one can understand her fury against this newspaper and its editor.) From then on, we were her declared "enemy," and she treated us as such. The avalanche of cases started within hours of that event using my remark on a TV show as a pretext.

This newspaper's editor was charged in 84 cases, 16 of which were for sedition. Several times on the floor of parliament, the former prime minister termed The Daily Star and Prothom Alo "anti-state," "anti-Awami League," and "anti-people." Many AL MPs castigated this newspaper in parliament, accusing us of "indulging" in all sorts of "conspiracies." Even some non-AL MPs joined the castigation, demanding the closure of this newspaper and jailing of its editor. On one occasion, the former prime minister spoke for 21 minutes in parliament denigrating this newspaper's editor, casting doubt on his role as a freedom fighter and raising all sorts of false questions against him. A few years later, during the opening of the Padma Bridge, she falsely accused this writer of travelling to the US and meeting high-level State Department officials and the World Bank president to lobby for the cancellation of the WB loan, as part of Prof Yunus's alleged "efforts" (totally false) to scuttle the Padma Bridge project. For nearly 15 years, we were never allowed to attend the former prime minister's press conferences or any of her functions. We were never allowed to cover her foreign trips or ask her questions as the head of the government. Over time, all her ministers, save one or two, started to avoid us, not allowing our reporters to talk to them and speaking against us whenever the occasion permitted. And all this while some 40 national and international businesses were asked not to give us any advertisement, abruptly reducing our revenue by 40 percent. This continued till the July uprising last year.

We are proud to say that The Daily Star never buckled, thanks to our staff, our board of directors, and the leadership.

The CA's press secretary also laid emphasis on examining not only the past, but also how media covered the events of July-August 2024, now popularly called the Monsoon Revolution. We welcome this decision and thank him for his praise that some media, in spite of severe threats, published prominently the number of students and general people being killed daily.

We also need to examine the politicisation of journalist unions. A special focus should be given on the role of the owners of media houses who used their outlets to eulogise the Hasina government for business purposes, get illegal bank loans, get lucrative contracts, retain untaxed profits, and indulge in money laundering. When directed by the owners, working journalists did not have much of a choice. We think the editors should have tried to prevent that—and failing that, they should have resigned.

Against all the laudable things that are being said about the freedom of media and the present opportunity to engage in independent journalism, we are sad to say that some very disturbing signs can still be seen that are posing a new set of threats against free press.

As of November 2024, as many as 140 journalists have been accused of murder and cases have been filed against them on the basis of their reporting of the student-led mass uprising. Twenty eight journalists have been charged with crime against humanity. We strongly feel that the interim government's treatment of journalists has been sweeping, denigrating, and devoid of the sensitivity that this profession deserves. At this moment, we have the highest number of "murder-accused" journalists in the world. In this situation, how likely is it that the world will believe this government is handling the media fairly? Whatever criticism that this government has so far received from world bodies—Human Rights Watch (HRW), Committee for the Protection of Journalists (CPJ), Reporters without Borders (RSF)—has mostly been for the way journalists are being treated.

It has been several months since the cases against journalists were filed. We know of no progress in terms of verification of the accusations. An eight-member committee by the interim government was formed to monitor harassment cases against journalists on October 27. No progress on this account has been reported till now. All this, while the accused journalists are unable to do their regular jobs, take care of their families, and in some cases pay for their children's education. They are also suffering from social humiliation and leading a life of constant fear, lest they be arrested. For any criminal or unethical action, a journalist must face the law as any other citizen. But everyone must be guaranteed the due process under the law, which is their constitutional right.

We appeal to the interim government, given all their professed commitment to free and independent media, to take an immediate look into the cases against journalists and bring them to an accepted legal standard.

Mahfuz Anam is the editor and publisher of The Daily Star.​

 

[Saif]

Bangladesh’s media crossroads

THE media landscape in Bangladesh has undergone a seismic transformation over the past few decades. From the era of a single state-run television channel, BTV, to the proliferation of private TV networks and the meteoric rise of digital platforms, the industry has witnessed both unprecedented...

www.newagebd.net

Bangladesh’s media crossroads
Rezaul Hasan 20 February, 2025, 00:00

THE media landscape in Bangladesh has undergone a seismic transformation over the past few decades. From the era of a single state-run television channel, BTV, to the proliferation of private TV networks and the meteoric rise of digital platforms, the industry has witnessed both unprecedented growth and daunting challenges. As traditional media faces steady decline, the digital revolution offers both opportunities and threats, demanding a strategic recalibration to sustain the industry’s future.

Until the 1990s, Bangladesh’s media was dominated by BTV, alongside a few print and radio outlets. A turning point came in 1992 when satellite broadcasting introduced foreign television channels to Bangladeshi audiences, marking the advent of cable TV. However, it was the digital revolution — particularly after 2003 — that fundamentally reshaped media consumption habits.

According to Kantar, 67 per cent of Bangladeshi households now own television sets, with TV media exposure rising from 48 per cent to 70 per cent over the past two decades. Simultaneously, digital media has experienced exponential growth, signifying a radical shift in audience behaviour. Yet, with every opportunity comes a set of challenges that threaten to derail progress.

Despite the rapid evolution of digital platforms, the country’s media industry faces severe financial constraints. Print media is in steady decline, radio is on the brink of disappearance, and television channels struggle to maintain sustainable revenue streams. These issues are exacerbated by the lack of a robust audience measurement system, which hampers effective media planning and investment.

Bangladesh’s media industry operates within a fragile financial model. The primary stakeholders — advertisers, agencies, and media houses — are grappling with shifting dynamics. While multinational corporations have historically dominated media investment, local conglomerates are now leading the charge. However, a significant portion of media investment — over one-third — is still managed in-house by advertisers, bypassing media agencies altogether.

Moreover, Bangladesh lags behind its South Asian counterparts in media exposure. While 70 per cent of Bangladeshis watch television, this figure is overshadowed by Pakistan’s 92 per cent and Sri Lanka’s 75 per cent. Print readership is even lower, with only 11 per cent of Bangladeshis engaging with newspapers compared to 25 per cent in India. Additionally, 60-70 per cent of TV viewing time in Bangladesh is dominated by foreign channels, particularly from West Bengal, further diminishing the market share of local broadcasters.

The advertising industry, which remains a vital source of revenue for media, is also experiencing significant changes. Multinational companies have traditionally led media investments in Bangladesh, but in recent years, local businesses have gained ground. Brands such as Unilever, Marico, Reckitt Benckiser, and Grameenphone continue to be major advertisers, but domestic corporations like ACI Limited, Dutch Bangla Bank, and Pran-RFL are expanding their presence. This shift presents both an opportunity and a challenge — while increased local investment strengthens the industry, the growing trend of direct media buying by advertisers weakens the role of agencies, disrupting the traditional ecosystem of media planning and buying.

Enhanced audience measurement systems are essential for media planning. Strengthening TV ratings systems, national media surveys, and digital analytics will enable advertisers and agencies to optimise investments and ensure content is tailored to audience preferences. A more transparent and data-driven approach will create a level playing field, fostering sustainable competition in the advertising sector.

Robust media policies and revenue models must be developed to support local content production. Unlike other South Asian nations, local broadcasters do not benefit from cable TV subscription revenues, despite the market being three times larger than the TV advertising industry (valued at Tk. 1,600 crore annually). Implementing policies that allow local channels to earn a share of subscription revenue could provide a much-needed financial boost. Additionally, fostering syndication opportunities, diversifying revenue streams, and forming strategic content partnerships with corporate and public stakeholders will strengthen the industry’s economic foundation.

The demand for high-quality local content is another crucial factor that must be addressed. Countries like Pakistan and Sri Lanka have successfully retained audiences through strong local programming, yet Bangladesh continues to see a significant portion of its audience turn to foreign content. This trend underscores the urgent need for investment in original, compelling media productions that cater to local tastes and cultural narratives. Strengthening content production and fostering collaborations between media houses, advertisers, and production studios will help retain audiences and enhance the competitiveness of Bangladesh’s media sector.

Investing in talent development is crucial for the media sector to thrive. A workforce that blends creativity with analytical expertise is necessary to navigate the rapidly evolving digital landscape. Academic programmes, training initiatives, and technological skill development will equip professionals with the necessary tools to keep pace with industry changes.

Technology adoption is also vital to ensuring media sustainability. The rise of digital media means that traditional platforms must integrate new technologies such as artificial intelligence, data analytics, and programmatic advertising to remain relevant. Media houses must embrace innovative strategies to monetise content effectively, including digital subscriptions, pay-walls, and premium content offerings.

Bangladesh’s media industry stands at a crossroads. While challenges persist, this is not the end of the road. By addressing existing structural weaknesses and embracing innovation, the industry can transition into a more sustainable and resilient future. With the right policies, data-driven strategies, and a skilled workforce, Bangladesh’s media sector can not only survive but thrive in the digital age.

A robust media landscape is crucial for an informed and democratic society. As the voice of the voiceless, the media plays an indispensable role in shaping public discourse and ensuring accountability. Striking a balance between media houses, advertisers, and agencies is vital to fostering a thriving industry that can contribute meaningfully to Bangladesh’s economic and social development.

Rezaul Hasan is a managing partner at Mindshare Bangladesh.​

 

[Saif]

When the media are considered dispensable

That the media are no longer the primary and dominant source of news is quite understandable. A survey conducted by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics on behalf of the Media Reform Commission to know how people gather news and the source they consider credible has only confirmed the shift in peopl

thefinancialexpress.com.bd

When the media are considered dispensable
Nilratan Halder
Published :
Feb 20, 2025 22:56
Updated :
Feb 20, 2025 22:56

That the media are no longer the primary and dominant source of news is quite understandable. A survey conducted by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics on behalf of the Media Reform Commission to know how people gather news and the source they consider credible has only confirmed the shift in people's choice for sources of news. Instead of relying on traditional media outlets such as newspapers, radio and even television, they prefer cell phones---smartphones in particular---for updating themselves about national and international developments. During national crises or disasters, though, they turn to television, most likely for live coverage of the unfolding events.

It is disheartening that 46 per cent of the selected respondents across social segments felt there was no need for reading newspaper. Against this, 53 per cent felt the same way about television with 54 per cent finding no interest in listening to the radio for news. Printed newspapers have long been losing their grounds to electronic media. But never before has a handy digital device been so versatile to keep its owner connected to the world at large.

The modern trend of short-cut is most likely to have a decisive role to play here. Before asking the audiences the question if they read newspaper or consider this a reliable source of information, they should have been asked if they read books at all; and if they do, how much time they spend on books. The percentage of book readers is increasingly declining because more and more people now consider book reading sheer waste of time. Instant gratification without verification has become the norm. As high as 88 per cent of the participants were found to be reliant on cell phones for keeping them abreast with developments all around.

The level of concentration needed for a post-editorial (article or column in common parlance) or editorial is lacking in the users of social sites. So, the number of discerning newspaper readers is also decreasing. No wonder, facebook and You Tube are the trusted source for 31 per cent and 16.5 per cent respectively. It is exactly at this point, the issue of news literacy has a very important function. Amid multiple sources of news, there is a dearth of verified and authentic reporting on issues, particularly the sensitive ones. Few readers can see through deficient, motivated and distorted news published without in-depth insight and balanced treatment based on versions of stakeholders belonging to opposing camps.

Flawed news consumption thus proves highly dangerous because instead of helping the readers to make informed decision, it can incite violence or social upheaval making a mountain out of a molehill. Newspapers or the media in general are passing a most critical time not only in Bangladesh but also across the globe. When the majority of people think newspapers and radio are dispensable, it is not a question of subscription and revenue but also of a national habit and culture. A rich vein of interaction and communication is behind the development of such a tradition and culture.

Well, radio may have lost its appeal because the receiving sets are almost out of market together with the inconvenience of moving knobs to chosen stations. Then the cell phone can be used as an alternative to such sets. Television creates instant news hardly ever furnishing in-depth analysis. This is why TV channels arrange for talk shows. So, the newspapers have the opportunity to carry the banner of projecting views and analysis in a dispassionate manner, provided that the media are free to do so. In countries where journalists have to self-censor themselves under hostile regimes, maintaining objectivity is always a challenge. Bangladesh has never been an exception to this rule, not even now.

The year 2024 was the worst year for journalists. In Bangladesh it was like walking a tightrope for them. Several newspapers and other media outlets faltered because their inhibition got the better of acceptance of the unprecedented change that was about to sweep away everything on its way like the great deluge. Not only news literacy but also a high level of cultural attainment is a sine qua non for preserving democratic values, human rights and freedom of the Press. Both society and the media grow together forging a symbiotic relationship. But today's world is not an ideal place for fostering such relations.

Crafty and intriguing use of digital devices have put into the most important seats of power political minnows or jokers who have agenda inimical to the prosperity of the human civilisation. The highest global organisation, United Nations (UN) has been turned irrelevant to the distress of humanity across swathes of the planet. Genocide and destruction of villages, towns and human settlements go on almost unchallenged, undermining in the process the rule of law and democratic principles everywhere. The big powers use smaller and poor countries as their stooges or playthings.

Thus economic independence of such nations is lost in favour of their status as vassal states where the big players install their chosen people in power. Thus dictators are created and after a certain period, public sentiment grows. The media can only play the role of a commentator to stay afloat hardly ever creating public opinion in favour of peace and national stability. In murky politics, the growth of powerful media becomes ever more challenging.​