🇧🇩 Student revolution in Bangladesh-----how does it impact India?

[Bilal9]

How over-investment in Hasina puts India in an unwelcome, but inevitable new reality: Part 2​

On war footing!

At a joint conference of the top commanders of India's three branches of the military in Lucknow, India's Defence Minister Rajnath Singh called for a review of the current situation in Bangladesh.

India's Defence Minister Rajnath Singh delivers a speech during a ceremony for the delivery of the first Rafale fighter to the Indian Air Force at the factory of French aircraft manufacturer Dassault Aviation in Merignac near Bordeaux, France, October 8, 2019. REUTERS/Regis Duvignau
Rajnath said India is a "peace-loving country" but emphasised the need to be prepared for war in the face of "unforeseen" events in order to maintain peace.

India's media's role was more alarming.

Indian media started a concerted misinformation campaign making claims linking China and Pakistani intelligence to Bangladesh protests and exaggerating the scale of attacks on Hindus.

Within hours of Sheikh Hasina fleeing from Ganabhaban, the residence of the PM, reports began to appear in some Indian media outlets that members of Hindu minorities in Bangladesh were being targeted by "Islamist forces."

Articles and videos containing misleading content emerged across Indian media and social media platforms. A Times of India report claimed that Jamaat-e-Islami, Bangladesh's biggest Islamist party, "brought down Sheikh Hasina government in Bangladesh."

Intelligence agencies have identified Pakistan's ISI and its Chinese patron as key players in agitating protests and subversion that compelled Hasina to flee the country claimed Times of India.

It claimed information reveals the involvement of Islami Chhatra Shibir (ICS), the student wing of Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh, in converting protests over quotas into efforts to establish a regime favourable to Pakistan and China, undermining the previously installed Hasina government.

In a report, the ANI news agency quoted a student leader in India as saying the mass uprising was "orchestrated by the enemies of Bangladesh."

"India should remember forever..."

India and Bangladesh share a 4,100-kilometre-long (2,500-mile) porous border, which is an easy pathway for infiltration, human trafficking and, possibly, terrorist elements. Bangladesh shares the border with the Indian states of West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram.

India has witnessed many ups and downs in the bilateral relation with Bangladesh for decades after the changeover of Awami League regime in August 1975 due to this porous border.

During Hasina's first term from 1996-2001, the bilateral relationship between Dhaka and Delhi took a new shape, differing from the previous turbulence. India faced security threats again during the past BNP-led government from 2001-2006 when anti-Indian insurgent groups were allegedly given shelter on the soil of Bangladesh.

A sharp spike in militancy during the period was also a matter of concern for India.

In such a situation, Hasina's return to power in 2009 was a relief for India's leadership. Hasina too delivered on India's expectation as she herself claimed: "India should remember forever what her government has given to it."

"Bangladesh helped India get rid of daily bombing and shootings. We've brought them peace, they have to remember this," she said at the press conference arranged in May 2018 to brief the media about her recent trip to West Bengal.

Hasina said the present government does not want anything in return from India. "There's nothing to get in return. I don't seek any return [from India]. I am not in the habit of asking, rather I am in the habit of giving."

Hasina's "India should remember forever…" comment was not mere political rhetoric. During her rule, trade relations and connectivity between the two countries flourished. India's security concern was almost minimised. It has gained road, river and train access via Bangladesh to transport goods to its northeastern states.

Shooting and bombing used to take place every day in India during the separatist movement and the then government of Bangladesh used to support the separatist movement, she claimed. "We stopped that. We decided that none would be allowed to operate separatist movement using our soil,' she said.

Momen: The lone truth-teller?

Hasina's foreign minister Dr AK Abdul Momen often blurted out comments about the bilateral relation between the two countries which irked his party, but critics consider his remarks as a reflection of reality.

Former foreign minister AK Abdul Momen. File Photo: Collected
In 2019, Momen compared the relationship between Bangladesh and India with that of 'husband-wife' – which sparked strong criticism within his party too.

On 8 August 2020, he said Bangladesh shares blood ties with India and economic ties with China.

In August 2022, during an event in Chattogram, Dr Momen said he had "requested" India to do "whatever was necessary in order to keep Sheikh Hasina in power."

"I went to India and said Sheikh Hasina's continuation must be ensured. She is our role model. If her continuation is ensured, our country will stride towards development and become a truly non-communal country," he said.

Momen was strongly criticised by his party men. But one and a half years down the line, India did everything necessary in the run-up to the January 2024 election to keep Hasina in power.

In April 2022 Momen said he was happy about his Indian counterpart's visit as Bangladesh and India have been enjoying a "sweet relationship."

Even though AL leaders and affiliated intellectuals had been painting rosy pictures regarding the contentious issue of providing India passage through the country extolling the economic benefits accruing from the transit fees to Bangladesh, in March 2011, Prime Minister Hasina's economic adviser Mashiur Rahman commented that Bangladesh should not collect fees for providing transit or transhipment facilities to India.

"Had our country been an uncivilised one or our leaders been illiterate then we could have asked for the fees, but that's not the case."

Former Indian prime minister Dr Manmohan Singh being seen off by former prime minister of Bangladesh Sheikh Hasina on his departure from Bangladesh to New Delhi, at Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport, in

Former Indian prime minister Dr Manmohan Singh being seen off by former prime minister of Bangladesh Sheikh Hasina on his departure from Bangladesh to New Delhi, at Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport, in Dhaka on 07 September 2011. Photo: Wikimedia commons
A carrot with a long shelf life has been the Teesta water-sharing treaty that has never seen the light of the day. Though a treaty was supposed to be inked during Manmohan Singh's visit to Dhaka in 2011, nothing came out of it.

Many more visits by either Hasina to New Delhi or Modi to Dhaka took place. However, the Teesta water-sharing treaty still remains elusive.

(Continued Below again)

 

[Bilal9]

How over-investment in Hasina puts India in an unwelcome, but inevitable new reality: Part 3​

Unfriending and friending

During Hasina's friendly rule, any criticism of India was strongly discouraged.

Therefore, when Bangladesh's interim leader Muhammad Yunus spoke firmly of Bangladesh's expectations from India in bilateral matters in an interview with the Press Trust of India, it did not go well with the South Block.

Chief Adviser Prof Muhammad Yunus. Photo: Collected

Though India's foreign ministry did not formally react to his remarks, officials were reportedly "upset," according to a BBC report.

Yunus made it clear Bangladesh wants to continue maintaining its good relations with India but that these ties should reflect "fairness and equality."

He also said that both countries need to work together to improve their bilateral relations, which he described as being "at a low."

Yunus also criticised Delhi for not reaching out to Bangladeshi opposition parties.

"The narrative is that everybody is Islamist, the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) is Islamist, and everyone else is Islamist and will make this country into Afghanistan. And Bangladesh is in safe hands with Sheikh Hasina at the helm only. India is captivated by this narrative," he said.

Professor Yunus had succinctly put India's long-held policy of betting on Hasina to keep its North-East in reins.

Yet, former Indian diplomats say they are taken aback by what has been described as "megaphone diplomacy" by Yunus – discussing contentious bilateral issues through the media, reports BBC.

In the latest, India's Foreign Minister S Jaishankar said the political churn in Bangladesh is that country's "internal matter" but India is keen to continue what was a stable relationship.

But he put the onus on Bangladesh by saying, "If Bangladesh understands the significance of neighbouring ties, its relationship with India will reach another height."

Bangladeshis wonder why only Bangladesh needs to 'understand the significance of neighbouring ties' while India has taken a hardened stance, though undeclared, against Bangladesh. Is India still on the right track after the ouster of Hasina in the unprecedented student-people uprising?

Even after her ouster, Hasina, who took refuge in India, appears to be a new major thorn in bilateral relations with India.

India's actions when Bangladesh asks for extradition of Hasina who is facing over a hundred murder cases including charges of crimes against humanity, will be a determinant factor of the future of relations between the two neighbouring countries.

New Delhi can't deny Dhaka's request as per the extradition agreement signed between the two countries when Hasina was in power in 2013 at India's request. But Hasina is now staying in New Delhi as a 'guest' of the Indian government. Will Modi now unfriend Hasina and become a friend of the people of Bangladesh?

How India stood by an embattled Hasina

Though Hasina claimed "I don't want anything in return," she enjoyed India's unqualified support which acted as a bulwark to protect her from diplomatic pressure from the West.

Let the facts speak for themselves.

Before the last parliamentary election held in January this year, the Hasina government was under unprecedented global diplomatic pressure spearheaded by the US, EU and the UK to hold a free and fair election.

The Hasina government was unperturbed, thanks to India's blind support of her engineered one-sided election. India even reportedly blocked the US's punitive measures against the Hasina government for undermining democracy in Bangladesh.

After the third consecutive stage-managed election participated by Hasina's Awami League, her allies and her party's "dummy independent" candidates, Indian PM Modi dialled Hasina the next day and congratulated her on her victory in the parliamentary election for a "historic fourth consecutive term."

"I also congratulate the people of Bangladesh for the successful conduct of elections. We are committed to further strengthening our enduring and people-centric partnership with Bangladesh," Modi said in a post on X.

Was it really a 'successful conduct of election'?

It was a success for only Hasina, not the people of Bangladesh who were once again denied their right to vote. Even after helping Hasina to hold such an election without people's participation, Modi assured Hasina India is committed to strengthening its "people-centric partnership with Bangladesh."

Sketch: TBS

Sketch: TBS

Hasina also highlighted the enduring friendship between the two sides and reiterated India's importance as a key ally.

In her first news conference following the "election victory," Hasina emphasised the strong bond between Bangladesh and India. "In the next five years, our main focus will be on economic progress and fulfilling all the work that we have started...The development of the people and our country is our main aim," Hasina said.

In the 2018 election, the Modi government did not have to try hard to maintain its unstinted support for Hasina.

The BNP-led alliance's participation in the election on Hasina's assurance that the election would be free and fair made things easy. It was unlike the elections of 2014 and 2024, which were boycotted by the BNP and other opposition parties as the polls were held under the Hasina government.

It came to be known as the infamous "night vote" as the election rigging was set at midnight before the election day by ruling party men in active support of the law enforcement agencies and administration.

Modi called Hasina with alacrity the next morning to congratulate Hasina on the "decisive results." Modi expressed confidence the India-Bangladesh partnership will "continue to flourish under her farsighted leadership," a statement from the external affairs ministry said.

"The victory of the Awami League in the polls is a reflection of stunning development that Bangladesh attained under your dynamic leadership," Modi said.

Modi reiterated the priority New Delhi attaches to Dhaka "as a neighbour, a close partner for regional development, security and cooperation, and a central pillar in India's 'Neighbourhood First' policy."

Hasina thanked Modi for being the first leader to call to congratulate her and she also thanked India for its "consistent and generous support which has benefited Bangladesh's development."

Things were not easy like in 2018 for either Hasina or Modi's predecessor Manmohan Singh before the January 2014 election.

The BNP-led alliance and other opposition parties already stayed away from the election process as it was held under the Hasina government after she abruptly cancelled the non-partisan caretaker government in 2011. In the middle of the race, the Jatiya Party-led by Ershad too announced quitting the election and ordered his party candidates to withdraw their candidacies.

The Congress-led Manmohan Singh government dispatched the then foreign secretary Sujata Singh to Dhaka to persuade Ershad not to quit the election. The reality then was that Hasina's party would have had none to compete had Ershad and his party withdrawn from the election.

At a meeting with Ershad, the Indian envoy warned that fundamentalist forces would rise if the election was not held. But Ershad did not buy her narrative.

Ershad was then forced by the Hasina administration to be admitted to the combined military hospital in Dhaka, which prevented many of his party candidates from withdrawing from the electoral race.

The election day was marked by the deadliest violence, though polling was held only in 147 seats and 153 MPs were elected uncontested in an extraordinary manoeuvring by the Hasina government.

Manmohan Singh was ready to become the first head of a government to congratulate Hasina over the phone immediately after she was sworn in, pledging India's support in any situation. He then sent a felicitation letter.

"I look forward to working with you to strengthen our good neighbourly relations and our mutually beneficial partnership," he wrote in the letter, lauding her role as "vital" in the just-ended tenure.

Singh "conveyed that India attaches the highest importance to its relationship with Bangladesh and expressed the hope that bilateral cooperation will be further broadened and strengthened in the coming months".

After Hasina was sworn in as prime minister, Manmohan Singh called her to convey his good wishes and also "wished her and the people of Bangladesh all success in the endeavour to strengthen democratic institutions in Bangladesh."

Western countries and rights bodies at home and internationally unequivocally said after every election that elections were not free and fair. But India was unperturbed.

India's reactions were in line with the global ones only in the 2008 election.

After Hasina won a landslide in the December 2008 election which was largely free and fair, Monmohon Singh hailed the return of democracy in Bangladesh and congratulated Hasina.

"India congratulates the people of Bangladesh on the fair, peaceful and free conduct of their general elections which mark the return to multi-party democratic politics in a close and friendly neighbour," external affairs ministry spokesperson Vishnu Prakash said in a statement here.

The words used in the congratulatory message were a reflection of the quality of the December 2008 election.

But Manmohan and Modi's congratulations to Hasina on her victory in three controversial elections in 2014, 2018 and 2024 were messages by two prime ministers of 'the largest democracy in the world' who put blinders to reality and this also is a sorry tale of India's over-investment in Hasina.

The inevitable aftermath of such a ludicrous policy is now part of history.

 

[Bilal9]

With extradition request looming, what is the future of India-Bangladesh relations?​

​

If Bangladesh formally asks for the extradition of Sheikh Hasina, who has reportedly failed to secure a political asylum in any other country, will it further strain the diplomatic relations between the two countries?​

Illustration: TBS

Soon after the former prime minister Sheikh Hasina fled to India and her government fell, the relations between India and Bangladesh entered a new phase, the contours and future of which remain unclear.

Sheikh Hasina had been a trusted more-than-a-friend to India, and the latter has always stated that in public. In the absence of Hasina in power, it was only natural that Bangladeshis would vent out their concerns about India's policies.

From wild rumours of RAW (Indian intelligence agency) operatives working alongside Bangladeshi law enforcers trying to suppress the mass uprising that eventually toppled Hasina, to the somewhat more nuanced speculation that the opening of Dumbur dam in Tripura caused the unprecedented floods in Bangladesh's Feni, Noakhali and Cumilla districts; the common man's belief that India would be upset at Hasina's ouster was not baseless, and it didn't take long to be proven true.

Last week, just a month after the interim government took charge in Bangladesh, Indian Defence Minister Rajnath Singh asked the armed forces of India to analyse the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and Gaza as well as the 'situation' in Bangladesh, and be prepared for war 'to preserve peace'.

Now, the armed forces do not start a war per se, the politicians do, and the analysis of the political situations and the interest in war or peace are also calculated by the latter. So asking the men in uniform to do the task of the politicians does not constitute a credible threat of war, but it surely shows that the Indian government is either upset, or it feels the need to put some pressure on the new Bangladesh government.

"I sense an adjustment or understanding gap in the relations, as there is a disruption in rhythm vis-a-vis their usual relations with Bangladesh. Bangladesh used to speak to India in a 'wavelength' (tone) under the leadership of Hasina, but now the wavelength has changed"

Ambassador Humayun KabirIndian leader of opposition and member of the Indian National Congress, Rahul Gandhi, also made that clear at a press conference held in Washington, DC just a day ago. When asked about the "attacks on minorities" in Bangladesh, Rahul said, "We are against any type of violence and want it to stop. It is the responsibility of the Bangladeshi government to end it as soon as possible. From our side, it is the responsibility of our government to apply pressure so that the violence stops."

As fact checkers and world media - including the BBC - has already shown, the perceived 'widespread attacks on the minorities' is an exaggeration of the ground reality in Bangladesh, mainly a perception caused by relentless propaganda by Hindu fundamentalist elements in India, who are basically upset by the overthrow of Sheikh Hasina.

The impact of the latest developments on the bilateral relations extends beyond mere rhetoric though.


Border killings have seen a spike with at least two dead and several injured in separate incidents. On 1 September, 14-year-old Swarna Das, a school student, was shot and killed by BSF gunfire at the Kulaura border in Moulvibazar. BSF handed over her body two days after the killing. Nine days later, in a similar incident, another Bangladeshi teenager, 15-year-old Jayanta Kumar Singh, was shot dead by BSF in Thakurgaon border. Jayanta's father and another individual were also injured in the shooting.


Also, the train service between the two countries has not resumed since the fall of Hasina government, and now several Bangladeshi airlines have significantly reduced or temporarily suspended their flight operations to India due to a decline in passenger numbers emanating from limited-scale resumption of visa services that got suspended following the fall of the former government.

In this context, the question has arisen that if Bangladesh formally asks for the extradition of Sheikh Hasina, who has reportedly failed to secure a political asylum in any other country, will it further strain the diplomatic relations between the two countries?

"Although the Indian high commissioner has met the foreign affairs adviser and India is saying that they will release the credit funds and resume the infrastructure projects in Bangladesh, I don't think this will be done. And if the Bangladesh government sees that the loans are not provided and Indian workers are not coming back to resume railway construction, they will ask to stop the projects"

Professor Shahiduzzaman

Foreign policy and diplomacy experts think there is already some stress in the relations as India has to cope with the new tone that their counterpart is speaking in, but a working communication is also there.

Former ambassador M Humayun Kabir says he senses what he calls an "adjustment or understanding gap" between the two countries, and the question of extraditing the former PM will complicate things.

"Yes, there might be some stress in the bilateral relations between Bangladesh and India because of the special relationship of India with Sheikh Hasina. Although there is an extradition treaty between the two countries, the final decision to hand her over to Bangladesh authorities will be a political one. The decision will require a lot of thinking and courage and so on," he said.

"But the communication between the two countries at the diplomatic level is uninterrupted. We've seen Indian Premier Narendra Modi congratulate Dr Mohammad Yunus as soon as he (the latter) took oath as the chief adviser to the interim government. However, I sense an adjustment or understanding gap in the relations, as there is a disruption in rhythm vis-a-vis their usual relations with Bangladesh," the former ambassador said.

"Bangladesh used to speak to India in a 'wavelength' (tone) under the leadership of Hasina, but now the wavelength has changed," he explained.

The interim government of Bangladesh has made it clear that the country will pursue a relationship with India on a footing of equality and fairness.

Asked about India's silence over Bangladesh's request for a meeting of the two leaders on the sidelines of the upcoming UN General Assembly in New York, Humayun Kabir is hopeful that the meeting might be held eventually.

"We are closest neighbours, and both the countries have interdependence. Goodwill and efforts are required from both sides, and I think we'll return to a normal state of interaction soon," he said.

Rahul Gandhi also said in the aforementioned press conference, "I think there are concerns in India about extremist elements in Bangladesh, and we share some of those concerns…However, I'm confident that things will stabilise in Bangladesh, and we will be able to have a relationship with the current government or any other government that follows."

Dr Shahiduzzaman, former professor of International Relations at the University of Dhaka, on the other hand, thinks the diplomatic relations are "bound to deteriorate".

"You can judge it by the repeated border killings – no apologies have been offered. Bangladesh has lodged protests but India has not even cared to reply to that," the professor said.

"Although the Indian high commissioner has met the foreign affairs adviser and India is saying that they will release the credit funds and resume the infrastructure projects in Bangladesh, I don't think this will be done. And if the Bangladesh government sees that the loans are not provided and Indian workers are not coming back to resume railway construction, they will ask to stop the projects," he added.

Professor Shahiduzzaman is rather doubtful if India will ever extradite Sheikh Hasina to Bangladesh because they – Indian ruling party and the opposition alike – call her a friend.

The professor thinks there will be pressure on the Bangladesh government from the political parties and "politically conscious groups" to reevaluate and cancel various agreements that were signed under Hasina government without effective discussion in the parliament.

"The request to extradite Sheikh Hasina will be futile. However, it will take time to make a formal request, and by the time things will deteriorate," he concluded.

Meanwhile, after the chief prosecutor of the Bangladesh's International Crimes Tribunal (ICT) told media that it was taking steps to secure the extradition of Sheikh Hasina, the Indian government has kept mum on the matter, making it hard to presume its stance on the matter.

Indian External Affairs Minister Dr S Jaishankar, when asked about the matter in Berlin on Wednesday, said New Delhi conducts its interactions with governments through diplomatic channels, rather than responding to reports in the press.

"As you know there is a change in government in Bangladesh. And we obviously deal with the government of the day. How we deal with that is through diplomatic channels, not necessarily by the reports which will be reported in the press," Jaishankar said.

Bangladesh has a criminal extradition treaty with India which was signed in 2013, under Sheikh Hasina's government. The International Crimes Tribunal (ICT) was also set up by Hasina in 2010 to investigate atrocities during the 1971 war of independence from Pakistan. Now she is facing murder cases filed against her in the ICT, and the government is likely to take advantage of the same extradition treaty she signed with India.

 

[Krishna with Flute]

Indian media, responsible persons join the fray of spreading communal disinformation about Bangladesh

Some mainstream media of India and responsible persons are also spreading rumors on communal attacks in Bangladesh, reveals a report of Rumor Scanner, a fact checking website based in Bangladesh

en.prothomalo.com

Indian media, responsible persons join the fray of spreading communal disinformation about Bangladesh

From 5 to 13 August, posts shared by those 50 accounts were viewed over 154 million times. Rumor Scanner revealed that 72 per cent of the accounts spreading fake and misleading information claimed to be based in India

Staff Correspondent Dhaka
Published: 18 Aug 2024, 18: 53

Some mainstream media of India and responsible persons are also spreading rumors on communal attacks in Bangladesh, reveals a report of Rumor Scanner, a fact checking website based in Bangladesh.

Rumor Scanner’s Investigation Unit has identified 50 accounts on X that have been actively spreading communal narratives by sharing images, videos, and information related to recent events in Bangladesh.

At least one post from each of these accounts has been found to promote communal misinformation and disinformation, reports Rumor Scanner in a study titled ‘Surge of Communal Misinformation on X During Bangladesh’s Political Crisis’.

From 5 to 13 August, posts shared by those 50 accounts were viewed over 154 million times. Rumor Scanner revealed that 72 per cent of the accounts spreading fake and misleading information claimed to be based in India. Among the account holders are several responsible individuals, and even mainstream media outlets in India that have propagated some of this false information.


A video was posted on 9 August from an X handle named Deepak Sharma which claims Jihadists have killed hundreds of women by exploding bombs at a camp of Hindu women and children. Checking the video, Rumor Scanner finds it to be one from the death of five people in electrocution during Jagannath Dev’s Rath Yatra on 7 July.

A video falsely claiming to show a Hindu man demanding the whereabouts of his missing son was shared by at least three mainstream Indian media outlets on their X handle, Asian News International (ANI), NDTV, and Mirror Now.

These accounts receive significant engagement from their followers when they post communal misinformation. Many are sharing this misinformation on X to boost their engagement or retweet numbers-- Indian fact-checker Ankita Deshkar

However, Rumor Scanner found that the man in question is Muslim named Babul Howlader, who has been seeking information about his missing son since 2013 and participated in a protest for this cause.

Rumor Scanner also found that several other Indian media outlets and individuals associated with them were involved in spreading similar communal misinformation. This list includes X accounts from Zee News Madhya Pradesh and News 24.

The Rumor Scanner investigation unit also found that OpIndia’s editor-in-chief Nupur J Sharma routinely spread fake news from her X handle.
After one of her posts was identified as false and flagged by a Rumor Scanner team member on 11 August, she responded by blocking that particular member on X.

Rumor Scanner asked Indian fact-checker Ankita Deshkar why there has been an increase in communal propaganda in India recently. Ankita explained, “These accounts receive significant engagement from their followers when they post communal misinformation. Many are sharing this misinformation on X to boost their engagement or retweet numbers.”

Spreading of communal misinformation is just not limited to India, responsible individuals from various other countries also joined the fray.

Former Pakistani cricketer Danish Kaneria shared a video on his X account falsely claiming that cricketer Liton Das’s house had been set on fire. In reality, the footage was from an arson attack on Mashrafe’s house, and no such incident occurred at Liton’s residence.

Salwan Momika, an Iraqi-born man who has repeatedly caused controversy by publicly burning the Quran, has been found to regularly spread communal misinformation involving Bangladesh through his X account.

Of the 50 accounts examined in this research of Rumor Scanner, 13 posts contained similar instances where unrelated events were given a communal twist. The most prevalent form of misinformation involved misrepresenting Muslim individuals as Hindus.

Other forms of misinformation included repurposing old videos from unrelated incidents, falsely attributing attacks on Muslim establishments to Hindu establishments, misrepresenting arson attacks on different sites as attacks on Hindu properties, distorting political slogans, fabricating statements, creating fake Telegram accounts in the name of the BNP, and making false claims about the number of Hindu casualties.

In 80 per cent of the cases (40 posts), video footage was used to spread misinformation. In 16 per cent of cases, images and screenshots were used, while the remaining 4 per cent consisted of text-only posts.​

I do not know how Islamist think. They are brother of all Muslims across the world and think that Indian Hindus should not show even the news of oppression of Hindus, vandalization of their temple, collection protection money from Hindus etc. They believe that they have exclusive right of doing all wrong and other should not even oppose their oppression.

 

[Saif]

I do not know how Islamist think. They are brother of all Muslims across the world and think that Indian Hindus should not show even the news of oppression of Hindus, vandalization of their temple, collection protection money from Hindus etc. They believe that they have exclusive right of doing all wrong and other should not even oppose their oppression.

Just like what BJP and RSS did in Gujarat, right? As for the attacks on Hindus in Bangladesh, all Awami League leaders and activists regardless of their religious background were the targets of mobs. Please don't give it a religious color.

 

[Bilal9]

Just like what BJP and RSS did in Gujarat, right? As for the attacks on Hindus in Bangladesh, all Awami League leaders and activists regardless of their religious background were the targets of mobs. Please don't give it a religious color.

Any person sitting in India, having no idea about what is happening on the ground in Bangladesh - is completely enveloped by Godi Media propaganda, playing of "Hindu Card" and fake news.

Even two of the most prominent Gen Z Student Movement Coordinators (who happen to be Hindu) rejected India's attempt to use Bangladeshi Hindus as political pawn. One of these is MeghMallar Bose, and I'm amazed how clear-headed he was, when he gave time to one of India's media and explained the reasoning of the Anti-discrimination Students Movement to the panel - despite how hostile and ill-behaved some of the Indian commentators are.

 

[Krishna with Flute]

With extradition request looming, what is the future of India-Bangladesh relations?​

​

If Bangladesh formally asks for the extradition of Sheikh Hasina, who has reportedly failed to secure a political asylum in any other country, will it further strain the diplomatic relations between the two countries?​

Illustration: TBS

Soon after the former prime minister Sheikh Hasina fled to India and her government fell, the relations between India and Bangladesh entered a new phase, the contours and future of which remain unclear.

Sheikh Hasina had been a trusted more-than-a-friend to India, and the latter has always stated that in public. In the absence of Hasina in power, it was only natural that Bangladeshis would vent out their concerns about India's policies.

From wild rumours of RAW (Indian intelligence agency) operatives working alongside Bangladeshi law enforcers trying to suppress the mass uprising that eventually toppled Hasina, to the somewhat more nuanced speculation that the opening of Dumbur dam in Tripura caused the unprecedented floods in Bangladesh's Feni, Noakhali and Cumilla districts; the common man's belief that India would be upset at Hasina's ouster was not baseless, and it didn't take long to be proven true.

Last week, just a month after the interim government took charge in Bangladesh, Indian Defence Minister Rajnath Singh asked the armed forces of India to analyse the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and Gaza as well as the 'situation' in Bangladesh, and be prepared for war 'to preserve peace'.

Now, the armed forces do not start a war per se, the politicians do, and the analysis of the political situations and the interest in war or peace are also calculated by the latter. So asking the men in uniform to do the task of the politicians does not constitute a credible threat of war, but it surely shows that the Indian government is either upset, or it feels the need to put some pressure on the new Bangladesh government.



As fact checkers and world media - including the BBC - has already shown, the perceived 'widespread attacks on the minorities' is an exaggeration of the ground reality in Bangladesh, mainly a perception caused by relentless propaganda by Hindu fundamentalist elements in India, who are basically upset by the overthrow of Sheikh Hasina.

The impact of the latest developments on the bilateral relations extends beyond mere rhetoric though.


Border killings have seen a spike with at least two dead and several injured in separate incidents. On 1 September, 14-year-old Swarna Das, a school student, was shot and killed by BSF gunfire at the Kulaura border in Moulvibazar. BSF handed over her body two days after the killing. Nine days later, in a similar incident, another Bangladeshi teenager, 15-year-old Jayanta Kumar Singh, was shot dead by BSF in Thakurgaon border. Jayanta's father and another individual were also injured in the shooting.


Also, the train service between the two countries has not resumed since the fall of Hasina government, and now several Bangladeshi airlines have significantly reduced or temporarily suspended their flight operations to India due to a decline in passenger numbers emanating from limited-scale resumption of visa services that got suspended following the fall of the former government.

In this context, the question has arisen that if Bangladesh formally asks for the extradition of Sheikh Hasina, who has reportedly failed to secure a political asylum in any other country, will it further strain the diplomatic relations between the two countries?



Foreign policy and diplomacy experts think there is already some stress in the relations as India has to cope with the new tone that their counterpart is speaking in, but a working communication is also there.

Former ambassador M Humayun Kabir says he senses what he calls an "adjustment or understanding gap" between the two countries, and the question of extraditing the former PM will complicate things.

"Yes, there might be some stress in the bilateral relations between Bangladesh and India because of the special relationship of India with Sheikh Hasina. Although there is an extradition treaty between the two countries, the final decision to hand her over to Bangladesh authorities will be a political one. The decision will require a lot of thinking and courage and so on," he said.

"But the communication between the two countries at the diplomatic level is uninterrupted. We've seen Indian Premier Narendra Modi congratulate Dr Mohammad Yunus as soon as he (the latter) took oath as the chief adviser to the interim government. However, I sense an adjustment or understanding gap in the relations, as there is a disruption in rhythm vis-a-vis their usual relations with Bangladesh," the former ambassador said.

"Bangladesh used to speak to India in a 'wavelength' (tone) under the leadership of Hasina, but now the wavelength has changed," he explained.

The interim government of Bangladesh has made it clear that the country will pursue a relationship with India on a footing of equality and fairness.

Asked about India's silence over Bangladesh's request for a meeting of the two leaders on the sidelines of the upcoming UN General Assembly in New York, Humayun Kabir is hopeful that the meeting might be held eventually.

"We are closest neighbours, and both the countries have interdependence. Goodwill and efforts are required from both sides, and I think we'll return to a normal state of interaction soon," he said.

Rahul Gandhi also said in the aforementioned press conference, "I think there are concerns in India about extremist elements in Bangladesh, and we share some of those concerns…However, I'm confident that things will stabilise in Bangladesh, and we will be able to have a relationship with the current government or any other government that follows."

Dr Shahiduzzaman, former professor of International Relations at the University of Dhaka, on the other hand, thinks the diplomatic relations are "bound to deteriorate".

"You can judge it by the repeated border killings – no apologies have been offered. Bangladesh has lodged protests but India has not even cared to reply to that," the professor said.

"Although the Indian high commissioner has met the foreign affairs adviser and India is saying that they will release the credit funds and resume the infrastructure projects in Bangladesh, I don't think this will be done. And if the Bangladesh government sees that the loans are not provided and Indian workers are not coming back to resume railway construction, they will ask to stop the projects," he added.

Professor Shahiduzzaman is rather doubtful if India will ever extradite Sheikh Hasina to Bangladesh because they – Indian ruling party and the opposition alike – call her a friend.

The professor thinks there will be pressure on the Bangladesh government from the political parties and "politically conscious groups" to reevaluate and cancel various agreements that were signed under Hasina government without effective discussion in the parliament.

"The request to extradite Sheikh Hasina will be futile. However, it will take time to make a formal request, and by the time things will deteriorate," he concluded.

Meanwhile, after the chief prosecutor of the Bangladesh's International Crimes Tribunal (ICT) told media that it was taking steps to secure the extradition of Sheikh Hasina, the Indian government has kept mum on the matter, making it hard to presume its stance on the matter.

Indian External Affairs Minister Dr S Jaishankar, when asked about the matter in Berlin on Wednesday, said New Delhi conducts its interactions with governments through diplomatic channels, rather than responding to reports in the press.

"As you know there is a change in government in Bangladesh. And we obviously deal with the government of the day. How we deal with that is through diplomatic channels, not necessarily by the reports which will be reported in the press," Jaishankar said.

Bangladesh has a criminal extradition treaty with India which was signed in 2013, under Sheikh Hasina's government. The International Crimes Tribunal (ICT) was also set up by Hasina in 2010 to investigate atrocities during the 1971 war of independence from Pakistan. Now she is facing murder cases filed against her in the ICT, and the government is likely to take advantage of the same extradition treaty she signed with India.

Just like what BJP and RSS did in Gujarat, right? As for the attacks on Hindus in Bangladesh, all Awami League leaders and activists regardless of their religious background were the targets of mobs. Please don't give it a religious color.

BJP and RSS does not do anything in Gujarat. Had that been a situation, Indian Muslims would have been in queue like Bangladeshi Hindus to cross the border at first opportunity. What BJP has done in Gujarat is to give highest numbers of government jobs to Muslims in India. You skip attack on temples. If Awami supporters irrespective of religion are attacked than situation is even worse. BJP and RSS are so cruel to Muslim that millions of Bangladeshis who have infiltrated in India do not want to go back to their native country with 90% Muslim population. No asylum seeker Muslims goes to any Islamic country but prefer to take refuge in Dar Al Herb.

 

[Saif]

BJP and RSS does not do anything in Gujarat. Had that been a situation, Indian Muslims would have been in queue like Bangladeshi Hindus to cross the border at first opportunity. What BJP has done in Gujarat is to give highest numbers of government jobs to Muslims in India. You skip attack on temples. If Awami supporters irrespective of religion are attacked than situation is even worse.

May be you are not old enough to remember the genocide of Muslims Norendra Modi conducted in Gujarat. Even the USA blacklisted Norendra Modi then.

 

[Krishna with Flute]

May be you are not old enough to remember the genocide of Muslims Norendra Modi conducted in Gujarat. Even the USA blacklisted Norendra Modi then.

It started with Genocide of Hindus in which 59 were burn alive in a train including ladies and children and subsequent retaliation by Hindus. Total 270 Hindus and 450 Muslims were killed which includes the people killed in police firing to control the riot. Numbers of people killed in police firing were 90. So Muslim genocide theory is a fabricated theory coined by Mullahs. What happened in Bangladesh in 1971 was the biggest Genocide of century.

the problem with you guys is that when Muslims kills other, you celebrate (If not in public than at least in private). When you get retaliation, you play victim card. Same has happened in Israel Hamas case. When 1000 Israelis were killed, Muslims across the world were by and large jubilant. When Israel hit back, they started crying. This is the reason that you lack the credibility and when you play victim card, nobody supports you Including Islamic nation unless they have political agenda.